Cross Infection ; microbiology ; Humans ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; classification ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests

Low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth (PB) are associated with newborn mortality and diseases in adulthood.We explored factors related to LBW and PB by conducting a population-based case-control study from January 2011 to December 2013 in Wuhan,China.A total of 337 LBW newborn babies,472 PB babies,and 708 babies with normal birth weights and born from term pregnancies were included in this study.Information of newborns and their parents was collected by trained investigators using questionnaires and referring to medical records.Univariate and logistic regression analyses with the stepwise selection method were used to determine the associations of related factors with LBW and PB.Results showed that maternal hypertension (OR=6.78,95％ CI:2.27-20.29,P=0.001),maternal high-risk pregnancy (OR=1.53,95％ CI:1.06-2.21,P=0.022),and maternal fruit intake ≥300 g per day during the first trimester (OR=1.70,95％ CI:1.17-2.45,P=0.005) were associated with LBW.BMI ≥24 kg/m2 of mother prior to delivery (OR=0.48,95％ CI:0.32-0.74,P=0.001) and gestation ≥37 weeks (OR=0.01,95％ CI:0.00-0.02,P＜0.034) were protective factors for LBW.Maternal hypertension (OR=3.36,95％ CI:1.26-8.98,P=0.016),maternal high-risk pregnancy (OR=4.38,95％ CI:3.26-5.88,P＜0.001),maternal meal intake of only twice per day (OR=1.88,95％ CI:1.10-3.20,P=0.021),and mother liking food with lots of aginomoto and salt (OR=1.60,95％ CI:1.02-2.51,P=0.040) were risk factors for PB.BMI ≥24 kg/m2 of mother prior to delivery (OR=0.66,95％ CI:0.47-0.93,P=0.018),distance of house from road ≥36 meters (OR=0.72,95％ CI:0.53-0.97,P=0.028),and living in rural area (OR=0.60,95％ CI:0.37-0.99,P=0.047) were protective factors for PB.Our study demonstrated some risk factors and protective factors for LBW and PB,and provided valuable information for the prevention of the conditions among newborns.

OBJECTIVEThe incidence of type 1 diabetes varied in different countries, different nations and different regions. This survey was conducted to clarify the incidence of type 1 diabetes of children in Beijing area between 1997 and 2000, to compare and analyze the difference in incidence of type 1 diabetes between the 2 periods of 1988 - 1996 and 1997 - 2000.

METHODAccording to the criteria of WHO Diabetes Mondial (DIAMOND), data were collected from all the children younger than 15 years of age in Beijing area who had the onset of type 1 diabetes during Jan. 1st, 1997 to Dec. 31st, 2000. Using the capture-recapture methods, 95% confidence intervals of incidence were calculated with Poisson's distribution formula. The significance of differences was tested with Chi-square method.

RESULTSThe incidences of type 1 diabetes during 1997 - 2000 were around 0.76/100 000 to 1.21/100 000. The average yearly incidence was 1.014/100 000 (95% confidence interval was 0.98/100 000 - 1.16/100 000). There was no significant difference in the incidence between 1988 - 1996 and 1997 - 2000, and it showed the same result when the incidences were adjusted by age according to the Chinese population census in 2000 (The incidence was 0.83/100 000 in 1988 - 1996 and 0.86/100 000 in 1997 - 2000, respectively). The incidence was higher in 10 - 14 year-old group than the younger groups (P = 0.002). There was no significant difference between male and female groups, either.

CONCLUSIONSNo significant difference was found between the periods 1988 - 1996 and 1997 - 2000 when the average yearly incidence of type 1 diabetes of children in Beijing was compared. These results were different from the other countries' reports that the incidence of type 1 diabetes was increasing by 3% - 5% per annum. There was no significant difference between male and female groups either and there was a higher incidence of type 1 diabetes in 10 - 14 yr group than the other groups in 1997 - 2000. Although the life-style of Beijing people changed a lot, it didn't affect the incidence of type 1 diabetes in children in this area. But since many people migrated to Beijing from other parts of the country, the changes in constitutive proportions of population might have some impacts on the results of the survey.

Age Factors ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; epidemiology ; Female ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Sex Factors

Pregnancy is a critical stimulator of bone mineral resorption.We used to find the MTHFR gene polymorphisms are related with blood lead levels among pregnant women.Pregnancy-stimulated bone turnover may be associated with MTHFR gene polymorphisms too.In this article,we aimed to determine the relationship between MTHFR gene polymorphisms and bone turnover rates among the pregnant women.The participants including pregnant and non-pregnant women were selected and recruited during their routine prenatal or physical examination from July to October in 2012.A total of 1000 participants,including 250 pregnant women in the first,second,and third trimesters and 250 non-pregnant women,were enrolled in the study.Finally,after excluding 27 participants unable to provide blood samples,973 eligible participants (i.e.,234,249,and 248 pregnant women in the first,second,and third trimesters,respectively,and 242 non-pregnant women)were included in the research.The MTHFR gene 1298CC homozygote carriers were more susceptible to yield higher plasma homocysteine levels than the 1298AA/AC carriers,with standardized coefficients of 0.086 (P＜0.05) and 0.104 (P＜0.01) of all the participants and the pregnant women,respectively.The MTHFR gene 1793AA homozygote carriers more likely showed higher plasma osteocalcin levels (standardized β=0.091,P＜0.01) than the 1793GG/GA carriers among all the subjects.Plasma homocysteine levels were positively correlated with blood lead levels among the participants and the pregnant women with standardized coefficients of 0.320 (P＜0.01) and 0.179 (P＜0.01),respectively.Plasma osteocalcin levels were positively associated with blood lead levels among pregnant and non-pregnant women with standardized coefficients of 0.084 (P＜0.05) and 0.125 (P＜0.01),respectively.In conclusion,homocysteine and osteocalcin contents in plasma are associated with the MTHFR gene A1298C polymorphism and blood lead levels among pregnant women.The MTHFR gene A 1298C polymorphism-related homocysteine is a possible risk factor for increased blood lead levels among Chinese women.

Objective:To construct oxaliplatin (L-OHP) drug-resistant cell line HCT-116/L-OHP in human colon cancer, in order to observe the reversal effect of curcumin (cur) on its drug resistance, and preliminarily explore the possible drug resistance mechanism. Method:The concentration gradient increasing method was used to gradually increase the L-OHP concentration of HCT-116 in parental colon cancer cells, and the cell line HCT-116/L-OHP resistant to L-OHP was established. The cytotoxicity of L-OHP and curcumin to HCT-116 and HCT-116/L-OHP cells was detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) method to observe whether curative resistance could be reversed. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of drug-resistance-related proteins. Real-time PCR was used to detect changes in related genes. Result:Human colon cancer cell line resistant to L-OHP were successfully established and named as HCT-116/L-OHP, with a drug resistance index of 12.6.Compared with HCT-116 cell lines, the expression levels of resected and repaired cross complementation gene 1 (ERCC1) protein and gene in HCT-116/L-OHP cell lines were significantly increased (P<0.01). The expressions of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), glutathione-s-transferase-consciousness (GST-consciousness), multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP), P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and apoptotic inhibitory gene (Survivin) also increased significantly (P<0.01). After the treatment with different concentrations of curcumin (5,10,20,30,40 μmol·L^-1), the expression of ERCC1 decreased (P<0.01), and the expressions of Bcl-2,GST-π,MRP,P-gp,Survivin also decreased to different degrees (P<0.05). Conclusion:HCT-116/L-OHP cell lines have a stable drug resistance, and its drug resistance mechanism may be up-regulated with the expression of ERCC1, which leads to the up-regulation of Bcl-2,GST-π,MRP,P-gp,Survivin and other related proteins, and enables tumor cells to acquire drug resistance. Curcumin can reverse the drug resistance of HCT-116/L-OHP, and its mechanism may be to reduce the expression of ERCC1, thereby down-regulating the expressions of Bcl-2,GST-π,MRP,P-gp,Survivin and other drug-resistant related genes and proteins, and increase the sensitivity of tumor to L-OHP, so as to reverse the drug resistance of tumor cells.

Objective To screen the key Mutation Genes in endometrial adenocarcinoma and study the relationship between their expression and immune response and prognosis. Methods The data of 543 cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma and 177 cases of normal tissues were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and genotype tissue expression (GTEX) for bioinformatics analysis. 22 cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma were collected, RT-qPCR was used to verify the gene expression. Results More than 96.38% of the patients had mutations, including missense mutation, single nucleotide mutation and C>T mutation. The top 10 mutations were PTEN, PIK3CA, TTN, ARID1A, TP53, MUC16, PIK3R1, KMT2D, CTCF and CSMD3. In TCGA, the expression of TP53 mutant was significantly higher than that of wild type (P<0.0001). The expression of TP53 in cancer tissue was higher than that in normal tissue, and the expression of TP53 mutant was higher than that of wild type (P<0.05). The overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS), disease free survival (DFS) and disease free survival (DSS) of TP53 mutant were lower than those of TP53 wild type (P<0.0001, P<0.0001, P=0.001, P<0.0001). A total of 344 differentially expressed genes (195 up-regulated and 149 down regulated) were identified in wild-type and mutant TP53. Compared with the wild type, the mutant was negatively enriched in the ^“immune effector process^”, ^“immune response^”, ^“immune system progress^”, ^“innate immune response^” and ^“immune response regulation^” pathways (P=0.001). The scores of T cell CD8 +, neutrophil, macrophages and meyloid dendritic cells of TP53 mutant were lower than those of wild type. Conclusion TP53 is highly expressed in endometrioid adenocarcinoma, and the expression of mutant is higher than that of wild type. TP53 mutation is positively correlated with poor prognosis and can inhibit immune response.

Plants from the genus Pyrola are widely distributed in North Temperate zone. The quinones, phenol glycosides, terpenoids, flavonoids and volatile oil compounds have been identified from these plants. The in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that the genus Pyrola plants exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, antitumor, antibacterial, anti-ischemia and anti-inflammatory activities. Based on analysis of the literature of the genus Pyrola plant, this review summarized the research on chemical constituents, pharmacology and quality control in recent years which can provide evidences for further investigation on the genus Pyrola plants.

China ; Humans ; Otolaryngology