1.Gliosis after traumatic brain injury in conditional ephrinB2-knockout mice.
Ling LIU ; Xiao-Lin CHEN ; Jian-Kai YANG ; Ze-Guang REN ; Shuo WANG
Chinese Medical Journal 2012;125(21):3831-3835
BACKGROUNDIn response to the injury of the central nervous system (CNS), the astrocytes upregulate the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), which largely contributes to the reactive gliosis after brain injury. The regulatory mechanism of this process is still not clear. In this study, we aimed to compare the ephrin-B2 deficient mice with the wild type ones with regard to gliosis after traumatic brain injury.
METHODSWe generated ephrin-B2 knockout mice specifically in CNS astrocytes. Twelve mice from this gene-knockout strain were randomly selected along with twelve mice from the wild type littermates. In both groups, a modified controlled cortical impact injury model was applied to create a closed traumatic brain injury. Twenty-eight days after the injury, Nissl staining and GFAP immunofluorescence staining were used to compare the brain atrophy and GFAP immunoreactivity between the two groups. All the data were analyzed by t-test for between-group comparison.
RESULTSWe successfully set up the conditional ephrin-B2 knockout mice strain, which was confirmed by genotyping and ephrin-B2/GFAP double staining. These mice developed normally without apparent abnormality in general appearance. Twenty-eight days following brain injury, histopathology revealed by immunohistochemistry showed different degrees of cerebral injuries in both groups. Compared with wild-type group, the ephrin-B2 knockout group exhibited less brain atrophy ratio for the injured hemispheres (P = 0.005) and hippocampus (P = 0.027). Also the wild-type group demonstrated greater GFAP immunoreactivity increment within hippocampal regions (P = 0.008).
CONCLUSIONSThe establishment of conditional ephrin-B2 knockout mice provides us with a new way to explore the role of ephrin-B2 in astrocytes. Our findings revealed less atrophy and GFAP immunoreactivity in the knockout mice strain after traumatic brain injury, which implied ephrin-B2 could be one of the promoters to upregulate gliosis following brain injury.
Animals ; Atrophy ; Brain ; pathology ; Brain Injuries ; complications ; pathology ; Ephrin-B2 ; deficiency ; physiology ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; Gliosis ; etiology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; analysis
2.Expressions of the related genes in fibroblasts of human keloid and the effect of artesunate.
Liang XIAO ; Guang-zhao HE ; Ze-hao YU ; Xiao-qing TANG ; Yu-han REN
Chinese Journal of Burns 2013;29(2):185-190
OBJECTIVETo verify whether abnormal expression of calcium/calmodulin dependent serine protein kinase (CASK) and inhibitors of differentiation 1 (ID1) exist in Fb of keloid, and to observe the effect of artesunate on two genes.
METHODSFifteen samples of keloid and 12 samples of normal skin tissue (discarded) excised from patients admitted to our hospital were collected. Tissue particle adherent method was used in the primary culture of Fb, and cells from the third to the eighth passage were used for test. Expressions of CASK and ID1 in Fb harvested from both sources were observed with immunofluorescence staining. Fb of keloid were stimulated with artesunate in various concentration for different time, and the median inhibitory concentration (IC50) was determined with the MTT colorimetric assay, which served as the intervention concentration of artesunate. Fb of normal skin were set as normal control group (NC, treated with medium solution). Fb of keloid were divided into scar control group (SC, treated with medium solution) and scar administration group (SA, treated with artesunate in IC50). The cycle and apoptosis of Fb were detected with flow cytometric assay, and the nucleic acid and protein expressions of CASK and ID1 of Fb in each group were determined with RT-PCR and Western blotting. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance and LSD-t test.
RESULTSExpressions of CASK and ID1 were detected in two kinds of Fb. The concentration of 75 mg/L was selected as the intervention concentration of artesunate. (1) There were statistically significant differences among the three groups in the percentages of cells in G0/G1 phase and G2/M phase (with F values respectively 118.064 and 163.840, P values all below 0.01). The percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase of group SA was (91.4 ± 1.4)%, which was significantly higher than that of group SC and group NC [respectively (80.7 ± 0.3)% and (82.4 ± 0.6)%, with t values respectively 12.740 and 9.872, P values all below 0.05]. The percentage of cells in G2/M phase of group SA was (6.9 ± 0.3)%, which was significantly lower than that of group SC and group NC [respectively (13.7 ± 0.3)% and (12.7 ± 0.8)%, with t values respectively 43.702 and 12.276, P values all below 0.05]. (2) There were statistically significant differences among the three groups in the early and late apoptotic rates (with F values respectively 61.879 and 4710.862, P values all below 0.01). The early and late apoptotic rates of group SA were respectively (7.1 ± 1.0)% and (14.9 ± 0.3)%, which were significantly higher than those of group SC and group NC [with early apoptotic rate respectively (2.6 ± 0.4)% and (2.7 ± 0.3)%, t values respectively 7.974 and 7.767, P values all below 0.05; with late apoptotic rate respectively (2.3 ± 0.3)% and (2.5 ± 0.4)%, t values respectively 72.882 and 69.792, P values all below 0.05]. (3) The mRNA expression of CASK in group SC was 0.658 ± 0.024, and it was lower than that of group NC (1.076 ± 0.008, t = 28.997, P < 0.01) and group SA (0.855 ± 0.008, t = 13.549, P < 0.01). The protein expression of CASK in group SC was 0.067 ± 0.007, and it was lower than that of group NC (0.179 ± 0.015, t = 12.042, P < 0.01) and group SA (0.132 ± 0.010, t = 9.498, P < 0.01). (4) The mRNA expression of ID1 in group SC was 0.416 ± 0.006, which was higher than that of group NC (0.317 ± 0.020, t = 8.299, P < 0.01) and group SA (0.217 ± 0.009, t = 32.417, P < 0.01). The protein expression of ID1 in group SC was 0.789 ± 0.034, and it was higher than that of group NC (0.366 ± 0.029, t = 16.341, P < 0.01) and group SA (0.114 ± 0.006, t = 33.978, P < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONSIt is speculated that CASK and ID1 participate in the proliferation of Fb in keloid. The mechanism of artesunate in inhibiting the proliferation of Fb in keloid may be related to the up-regulation of CASK and down-regulation of ID1.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Artemisinins ; pharmacology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Guanylate Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Differentiation Protein 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Keloid ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult
3.Mesenchymal stem cells derived from human umbilical cord tissue modulate the secretion of antiplatelet antibody from splenocytes of ITP patients in vitro.
Zhi-Yong QIU ; Shao-Guang YANG ; Zhen-Ping CHEN ; Qin-Jun ZHAO ; Xiao-Li CHEN ; Ze-Ping ZHOU ; Ren-Chi YANG ; Zhong-Chao HAN
Journal of Experimental Hematology 2008;16(6):1372-1375
The study was aimed to investigate the potential immunotherapeutical values of umbilical cord tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSC) on patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). UC-MSC was cocultured in vitro with splenocytes isolated from ITP patients who experienced splenectomy. The level of IgG antiplatelet antibody (PAIgG) was determined by a competitive micro-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The proliferation of platelet-reactive CD4+ T lymphocytes was also measured in the presence of UC-MSCs. The results showed that UC-MSCs could stimulate the spontaneous secretion of PAIgG in supernatants; In the platelet-inducing condition, UC-MSC inhibited the production of PAIgG at a low ratio of 1 UC-MSC to 100 splenocytes, but promoted at a high proportion of 1 UC-MSC to 10 splenocytes. Moreover, UC-MSC exerted a suppressive effect on proliferation of platelet-reactive T helper cells in a dose-dependent manner. It is concluded that the UC-MSCs can regulate secretion of antiplatelet antibodies in vitro. Its concrete regulation mechanism and potential immunotherapeutical value are need to further study.
Antibodies
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metabolism
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Blood Platelets
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immunology
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CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
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cytology
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Cell Proliferation
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Humans
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Infant, Newborn
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Lymphocyte Activation
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Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
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physiology
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Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic
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metabolism
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Spleen
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cytology
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Umbilical Cord
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physiology
4.Compensated hyperinsulinemia based on selective insulin resistance predicts elevation of blood pressure in non-diabetic adults.
Guang-wei LI ; Ya-yun JIANG ; Wen-ying YANG ; Jin-ping WANG ; Ze-xi HU ; Ying-hua HU ; Xiao-ren PAN
Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae 2002;24(5):481-485
OBJECTIVESTo investigate if hyperinsulinemia or insulin resistance could predict the elevation of blood pressure in non-diabetic adults.
METHODSOne hundred and seventy non-diabetic adults (NGT 107, IGT 63) were included based on the screen by OGTT in 1986. Height, weight, blood pressure were measured. Plasma glucose and insulin concentration at 0.60 and 120 min during OGTT were determined at baseline. All the subjects were followed for six years with blood pressure and plasma glucose examined at the end of the study. Subjects worsening to diabetes were excluded. Insulin area under-curve (INSAUC) and insulin sensitivity index [IAI = (1/FINS x FPG)] were calculated. Stepwise regression analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of INSAUC and insulin sensitivity to the elevation of blood pressure.
RESULTSBoth SBP and DBP levels at the end of the study were increased with increased INSAUC baseline. The SBP were (119.5 +/- 2.3), (122.1 +/- 2.5), (129.4 +/- 2.4) and (128.3 +/- 2.6) mmHg, and the DBP were (78.6 +/- 1.6), (79.7 +/- 1.7), (85.2 +/- 1.4) and (84.0 +/- 1.0) mmHg from the lowest to the highest quartiles of INSAUC respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed Age, SBP, DBP, BMI, FINS, INS1h, INSAUC at baseline were positively correlated to blood pressure levels at the end of the study. After the adjustment of Age, sex, BMI, smoking, PG2 h and blood pressure at baseline, the INSAUC was significantly correlated to blood pressure six years later, while the insulin sensitivity index was not.
CONCLUSIONThe compensated hyperinsulinemia based on selective insulin resistance rather than insulin resistance to glucose per se could predict the elevation of blood pressure in nondiabetic adults.
Adult ; Aged ; Blood Pressure ; physiology ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus ; prevention & control ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glucose Intolerance ; blood ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Humans ; Hyperinsulinism ; complications ; Hypertension ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged
5.Incidence rates of human immunodeficiency virus and syphilis as well as the rate of retention in a 6-month follow-up study of female sex workers in areas with heavy drug use in Xichang of Sichuan province, China.
Li-Guang TIAN ; Ze-En MA ; Yu-Hua RUAN ; Xiao-Yun CAO ; Jian-Ping HUANG ; De-Ren WANG ; Guo-Ping ZHU ; Hui-Ming YAO ; Li HAN ; Chun HAO ; Lu YIN ; Shu LIANG ; Guang-Ming QIN ; Kang-Lin CHEN ; Jun WANG ; Ning WANG ; Yi-Ming SHAO
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2006;27(11):939-942
OBJECTIVETo investigate the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and syphilis incidence rates as well as the retention rate in a cohort with 6-month follow-up study among female sex workers (FSWs).
METHODSFrom December, 2004, to January, 2005, a community-based baseline survey was conducted to recruit 343 FSWs for a prospective cohort study in Xichang county of Sichuan province, China. Follow-up visits were conducted at 6 months to analyze risk factors associated with cohort retention for subjects' baseline sociodemographic and sexual behavioral characteristics. Blood specimens were also collected to test antibodies against HIV and syphilis.
RESULTSDuring the 6-month follow-up period, HIV and syphilis incidence appeared to be 1.00 per 100 person-years and 6.23 per 100 person-years, respectively. The rate of retention in the cohort was 53.6% (184/343). Results from multivariate logistic regression model showed that factors were significantly associated with cohort retention including people with minority ethnic background (OR = 0.36; 95% CI: 0.18-0.74), people having participated in AIDS prevention program (OR = 1.83; 95% CI: 1.17-2.86) or being clients in the last 6 months > or = 50 (OR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.11-2.77) and having changed living/working place (OR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.33-0.94).
CONCLUSIONThe results of this study showed that the syphilis incidence and unprotected sex behavior were high among local FSWs. People belonged to Han nationality, having participated in AIDS prevention program and having a steady living/working place were associated with cohort retention at 6-month follow-up study among FSWs, respectively.
China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; HIV Infections ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Risk Factors ; Sex Work ; Sexual Behavior ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Syphilis ; epidemiology
6.Morphological Characteristics of Normal and Gynandromorphic Hyalomma asiaticum Schulze and Schlottke, 1930.
Ze CHEN ; You Quan LI ; Qiao Yun REN ; Jin LUO ; Yonghong HU ; Kai LI ; Guang Yuan LIU ; Jian Xun LUO ; Jingze LIU ; Hong YIN
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2015;53(3):361-364
Gynandromorphic ticks are extremely rare, and often attract parasitologists' attention. During our examination of tick specimens, an engorged gynandromorph of Hyalomma asiaticum was noticed. This is the first record of gynandromorphic ticks from China. In this study, several important morphological structures of normal and gynandromorphic H. asiaticum were analyzed. Comparing to the normal H. asiaticum, the gynandromorphic specimen was a typical bipartite protogynander. Its right side showed normal female characteristics, whereas the left side had normal male traits. Different from other gynandromorphic ticks containing 1 anus, this tick reported here had 2 complete anuses, and the anus of the male part had a single adanal plate.
Animals
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Chimera/*anatomy & histology/genetics
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China
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Female
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Ixodidae/*anatomy & histology/genetics
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Male
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Sheep
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Sheep Diseases/*parasitology
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Tick Infestations/parasitology/*veterinary
7.A widely adaptable approach to generate integration-free iPSCs from non-invasively acquired human somatic cells.
Zhichao DING ; Lina SUI ; Ruotong REN ; Yanjun LIU ; Xiuling XU ; Lina FU ; Ruijun BAI ; Tingting YUAN ; Ying HAO ; Weiqi ZHANG ; Huize PAN ; Wensu LIU ; Han YU ; Concepcion Rodriguez ESTEBAN ; Xiaobing YU ; Ze YANG ; Jian LI ; Xiaomin WANG ; Juan Carlos IZPISUA BELMONTE ; Guang-Hui LIU ; Fei YI ; Jing QU
Protein & Cell 2015;6(5):386-389
Adolescent
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Adult
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Aged
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Aged, 80 and over
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Cell Culture Techniques
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methods
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Child
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Female
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Humans
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
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cytology
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metabolism
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Male
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Middle Aged
8.Direct reprogramming of porcine fibroblasts to neural progenitor cells.
Xiu-Ling XU ; Ji-Ping YANG ; Li-Na FU ; Ruo-Tong REN ; Fei YI ; Keiichiro SUZUKI ; Kai LIU ; Zhi-Chao DING ; Jing QU ; Wei-Qi ZHANG ; Ying LI ; Ting-Ting YUAN ; Guo-Hong YUAN ; Li-Na SUI ; Di GUAN ; Shun-Lei DUAN ; Hui-Ze PAN ; Ping WANG ; Xi-Ping ZHU ; Nuria MONTSERRAT ; Ming LI ; Rui-Jun BAI ; Lin LIU ; Juan Carlos IZPISUA BELMONTE ; Guang-Hui LIU
Protein & Cell 2014;5(1):4-7
Animals
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Cellular Reprogramming
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Dentate Gyrus
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cytology
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Fibroblasts
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cytology
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Mice
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Neural Stem Cells
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cytology
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transplantation
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Swine
9.Chemical Constituents of Corydalis impatiens and Their Inhibitory Effect on Proliferation of Hepatoma Cells
Ze-dong NAN ; Guang-tian HAN ; Xi-an LI ; Hua-zhong REN ; Jiang YU ; Shou-feng WANG ; Li GUO
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2020;26(15):163-168
Objective:To systematically investigate the chemical constituents of 90% ethanol extract of
10.Modeling xeroderma pigmentosum associated neurological pathologies with patients-derived iPSCs.
Lina FU ; Xiuling XU ; Ruotong REN ; Jun WU ; Weiqi ZHANG ; Jiping YANG ; Xiaoqing REN ; Si WANG ; Yang ZHAO ; Liang SUN ; Yang YU ; Zhaoxia WANG ; Ze YANG ; Yun YUAN ; Jie QIAO ; Juan Carlos IZPISUA BELMONTE ; Jing QU ; Guang-Hui LIU
Protein & Cell 2016;7(3):210-221
Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a group of genetic disorders caused by mutations of XP-associated genes, resulting in impairment of DNA repair. XP patients frequently exhibit neurological degeneration, but the underlying mechanism is unknown, in part due to lack of proper disease models. Here, we generated patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) harboring mutations in five different XP genes including XPA, XPB, XPC, XPG, and XPV. These iPSCs were further differentiated to neural cells, and their susceptibility to DNA damage stress was investigated. Mutation of XPA in either neural stem cells (NSCs) or neurons resulted in severe DNA damage repair defects, and these neural cells with mutant XPA were hyper-sensitive to DNA damage-induced apoptosis. Thus, XP-mutant neural cells represent valuable tools to clarify the molecular mechanisms of neurological abnormalities in the XP patients.
DNA Damage
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DNA Repair
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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genetics
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metabolism
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Female
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Humans
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
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metabolism
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pathology
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Male
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Models, Biological
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Mutation
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Neural Stem Cells
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metabolism
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pathology
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Xeroderma Pigmentosum
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genetics
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metabolism
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pathology