Abstract: - （ ） ， Work related musculoskeletal disorders WMSDs are common occupational diseases in construction workers which have a high prevalence rate and involve a large number of construction workers. WMSDs affect daily work and quality of life of ， patients leading to absenteeism and burden. The main body parts of construction workers suffering from WMSDs are lower back/ ， ， ， ， ， waist neck shoulder knee elbow and hand/wrist and most of the patients are complicated in multiple sites. The prevalence ， of WMSDs varies by site with the lower back/waist being the most common sites. The influencing factors of WMSDs in （ ， ， ， ， ， construction workers mainly include individual factors age years of work gender smoking status sleep habits physical ， ）， （ ， ， ， fitness and physical exercise etc. occupational factors work load job type working posture work organization and ， ） management working environment and social psychological factors. The incidence of WMSDs is the result of multiple factors. ， ， Therefore tertiary prevention is the key to the prevention and control of WMSDs especially the etiological prevention. Chinese ， construction industry is in the period of rapid development and the demand of construction workers is large. It is urgent to carry out epidemiological and intervention studies on WMSDs for construction workers to guide the formulation of relevant guidelines and measures for prevention and control of WMSDs.

Abstract: - （ ） ， Work related musculoskeletal disorders WMSDs are common occupational diseases in construction workers which have a high prevalence rate and involve a large number of construction workers. WMSDs affect daily work and quality of life of ， patients leading to absenteeism and burden. The main body parts of construction workers suffering from WMSDs are lower back/ ， ， ， ， ， waist neck shoulder knee elbow and hand/wrist and most of the patients are complicated in multiple sites. The prevalence ， of WMSDs varies by site with the lower back/waist being the most common sites. The influencing factors of WMSDs in （ ， ， ， ， ， construction workers mainly include individual factors age years of work gender smoking status sleep habits physical ， ）， （ ， ， ， fitness and physical exercise etc. occupational factors work load job type working posture work organization and ， ） management working environment and social psychological factors. The incidence of WMSDs is the result of multiple factors. ， ， Therefore tertiary prevention is the key to the prevention and control of WMSDs especially the etiological prevention. Chinese ， construction industry is in the period of rapid development and the demand of construction workers is large. It is urgent to carry out epidemiological and intervention studies on WMSDs for construction workers to guide the formulation of relevant guidelines and measures for prevention and control of WMSDs.

Abstract: - （ ） ， Work related musculoskeletal disorders WMSDs are common occupational diseases in construction workers which have a high prevalence rate and involve a large number of construction workers. WMSDs affect daily work and quality of life of ， patients leading to absenteeism and burden. The main body parts of construction workers suffering from WMSDs are lower back/ ， ， ， ， ， waist neck shoulder knee elbow and hand/wrist and most of the patients are complicated in multiple sites. The prevalence ， of WMSDs varies by site with the lower back/waist being the most common sites. The influencing factors of WMSDs in （ ， ， ， ， ， construction workers mainly include individual factors age years of work gender smoking status sleep habits physical ， ）， （ ， ， ， fitness and physical exercise etc. occupational factors work load job type working posture work organization and ， ） management working environment and social psychological factors. The incidence of WMSDs is the result of multiple factors. ， ， Therefore tertiary prevention is the key to the prevention and control of WMSDs especially the etiological prevention. Chinese ， construction industry is in the period of rapid development and the demand of construction workers is large. It is urgent to carry out epidemiological and intervention studies on WMSDs for construction workers to guide the formulation of relevant guidelines and measures for prevention and control of WMSDs.

Abstract: - （ ） ， Work related musculoskeletal disorders WMSDs are common occupational diseases in construction workers which have a high prevalence rate and involve a large number of construction workers. WMSDs affect daily work and quality of life of ， patients leading to absenteeism and burden. The main body parts of construction workers suffering from WMSDs are lower back/ ， ， ， ， ， waist neck shoulder knee elbow and hand/wrist and most of the patients are complicated in multiple sites. The prevalence ， of WMSDs varies by site with the lower back/waist being the most common sites. The influencing factors of WMSDs in （ ， ， ， ， ， construction workers mainly include individual factors age years of work gender smoking status sleep habits physical ， ）， （ ， ， ， fitness and physical exercise etc. occupational factors work load job type working posture work organization and ， ） management working environment and social psychological factors. The incidence of WMSDs is the result of multiple factors. ， ， Therefore tertiary prevention is the key to the prevention and control of WMSDs especially the etiological prevention. Chinese ， construction industry is in the period of rapid development and the demand of construction workers is large. It is urgent to carry out epidemiological and intervention studies on WMSDs for construction workers to guide the formulation of relevant guidelines and measures for prevention and control of WMSDs.

Objective To estimate the influence of palmitic acid (PA) on the proliferation of and production of inflammatory mediators by a human keratinocyte line HaCaT.Methods Cultured HaCaT cells were treated with PA of eight concentrations (0-200 μmol/L) for 3-24 hours followed by the evaluation of cell proliferation by using the cell counting kit-8.According to the proliferation assay,four concentrations (75,100,125,150 μmol/L) of PA were selected and used to treat HaCaT cells for 24 hours,then,fluorescence-based immunohistochemical staining was performed to observe the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65,enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to determine the level of interleukin (IL)-6 in the supernatant of culture medium,real-time PCR to detect the mRNA expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor oα (PPARα) and IL-6,and Western blot to quantify the protein expressions of PPARα as well as total and nuclear NF-κB p65.Those HaCaT cells receiving no treatment served as the control group.Statistical analysis was carried out by one-factor analysis of variance using the GraphPad Prism 5.0 software.Results The HaCaT cells treated with PA of 50-175 μ mol/L showed accelerated proliferation compared with the control HaCaT cells (all P ＜ 0.05).PA from 75 to 150 μmol/L enhanced the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65,mRNA and protein expressions of PPARα,as well as the mRNA expression and supernatant level of IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner.The relative expression level of nuclear NF-κB p65 protein was 0.4536 ± 0.0173,0.5184 ± 0.0206,0.5333 ± 0.0231,0.6160 ± 0.0297,and the supernatant level of IL-6 was (31.5677 ± 0.2268),(32.3773 ± 0.4156),(32.9837 ± 0.0029) and (33.6890 ± 0.0936) ng/L,in HaCaT cells treated with PA of 75,100,125 and 150 μmol/L,respectively,compared to 0.3237 ± 0.0114 (all P ＜ 0.01) and (30.4577 ± 0.5131) ng/L (all P ＜ 0.01) in the control HaCaT cells,respectively.Conclusions PA can accelerate the proliferation of HaCaT cells,enhance NF-κB nuclear transfer,PPARα expression and IL-6 secretion in a dose-dependent manner within a certain concentration range,and may exert a promoting role in the activation and expression of some inflammatory factors.

Objective: To investigate the effect of exercise in thermal climates on the renal functions and explore the role of oxidative stress injury in the pathogenesis of exertional heat stroke (EHS). Methods: Totally 187 young soldiers in the subtropical area of Southeast China were divided randomly into two groups. All subjects underwent 1.5km, 3km and 5km cross-country running under two different environmental conditions: normal temperature and normal humidity [temperature (26 ± 2) °C, humidity 50% ± 5%]; high temperature and high humidity [temperature (33 ± 2) °C, humidity 65% ± 5%], and each soldiers' blood samples were taken at pre and post running. The level of Cr, BUN, CK, CK-MB, LDH and SOD were measured by automatic biochemical analyzer. The levels of serum 8-OHdG was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: 1) After exercise, the Cr and BUN of the two groups increased, compared with the pre-exercise the differences were significant (P<0.05). As the amount of exercise increase, the level of Cr and BUN will be further elevated, and compared with 1.5 km cross-country running respectively, there were significant differences in 3.0 km and 5.0 km cross-country running (P<0.05). The level of Cr and BUN were significantly higher in the high-temperature and high-humidity group than those in the normal temperature and normal humidity group (P<0.05); 2) After exercise, the CK, CK-MB and LDH of the two groups increased, compared with the pre-exercise the differences were significant (P<0.05). As the amount of exercise increase, the level of CK, CK-MB and LDH will be further elevated, and compared with 1.5 km cross-country running respectively, there were significant differences in 3.0 km and 5.0 km cross-country running (P<0.05). After 5.0 km cross-country running, the level of Cr and BUN were significantly higher in the high-temperature and high-humidity group than those in the normal temperature and normal humidity group (P<0.05); 3) After exercise, the level of 8-OHdG increased and the level of SOD decreased in the two groups, compared with the pre-exercise the differences were significant (P<0.05). As the amount of exercise increase, the level of 8-OHdG increased significantly and the level of SOD decreased significantly, and compared with 1.5 km cross-country running respectively, there were significant differences in 3.0 km and 5.0 km cross-country running (P<0.05). After 5.0 km cross-country running, the level of 8-OHdG were significantly higher and the level of SOD were significantly lower in the high-temperature and high-humidity group than those in the normal temperature and normal humidity group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Long time strenuous exercise under the condition of high temperature and high humidity can easily induce heat stress damage. The muscle and renal are vulnerable to heat stress damage. Oxidative stress injury may play an important role in heat stress damage of renal.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of 6-gingerol, the main active component of ginger, on hair shaft elongation in vitro and hair growth in vivo.

METHODSFirstly, Hair follicles were co-cultured with 3 different concentration of 6-gingerol for 5 days and hair elongation in three groups was measured. Secondly, The proliferative effect of 6-gingerol on DPCs was measured using MTT assay. Thirdly, the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in DPCs were measured using Western blotting. In vivo study, the influence of 6-gingerol on hair growth in C57BL/6 rats was measured through topical application of 6-gingerol on the dorsal skin of each animal.

RESULTSThe length of hair shaft in 20 microg/ml 6-Gingerol group (0.50 +/- 0.08 mm) is less than 0 microg/ml (0.66 +/- 0.19) mm and 10 microg/ml (0.64 +/- 0.03) mm 6-Gingerol group (P < 0.05). In cell culture, compared to 0 microg/ml and 5 microg/ml 6-Gingerol, 10 microg/ml 6-Gingerol can significantly inhibited the proliferation of DPCs (P < 0.05). Along with the growth inhibition of DPCs by 6-gingerol, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio increased obviously. In vivo study, the hair length and density decreased a lot after using 1 mg/ml 6-gingerol.

CONCLUSIONS6-Gingerol can suppress human hair shaft elongation because it has pro-apoptotic effects on DPCs via increasing Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. It might inhibit hair growth by prolonging the telogen stage in vivo.

Animals ; Catechols ; pharmacology ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cells, Cultured ; Fatty Alcohols ; pharmacology ; Hair ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Hair Follicle ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Rats ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of RNA interference by targeting human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA in the larynx cancer cell line, Hep-2.

METHODSThe primary structures of hTERT cDNA were found in GenBank. Then the structure analysis were done according to RNAi strategy which determined the specific base sequences to design shRNA plasmid. Two types of plasmid, pshRNA1 and pshRNA2, involved in fluorescein gene were synthesized based on the specific base sequences. Control pshRNA3, a random sequence, and control pshRNA4, without additional specific sequence were also constructed. Cells were treated daily with pshRNA1-4 or normal culture medium respectively. The pshRNA1-3 was identified by electrophoresis. After administration of pshRNA1-4, fluorescence expression was detected by confocal microscopy, the expression of hTERT of the transfected cells was determined by Western blotting, telomerase activity was measured by TRAP-PCR ELISA, cell viability was determined by MTT assay, morphological changes and apoptosis were examined by inverted microscope and TUNEL respectively.

RESULTSThere was a 400 bp balteum in pshRNA1-3 after cut by SalI, which was identical with the size of the objective gene. Many cells presented green fluorescence after being treated by pshRNA1-4, but there are much more dead green fluorescent cells in the pshRNA1 and pshRNA2 group. hTERT protein and telomerase activity was significantly decreased after treated by pshRNA1 or pshRNA2. It was observed that treatment with pshRNA1 or pshRNA2 in the presence of a valid transfection reagent could reduce cell viability of Hep-2 cells within 96 h (P < 0.01). Under the same culture conditions, cells grew more sparsely and the number of apoptotic cell increased significantly.

CONCLUSIONSshRNA plasmid directed against human telomerase reverse transcriptase can effectively transfect Hep-2 cells. shRNA targeted hTERT gene can significantly inhibit the growth and proliferation of Hep-2 cells, which results in apoptotic cell death. RNA interference may be a promising strategy for the treatment of laryngeal cancer.

Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Plasmids ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Telomerase ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Transfection

Screening aptamers using nano-materials ( such as graphene oxide, gold nanoparticle, carbon nano-tube, etc. ) that can quench fluorescence and absorb single stranded DNA using hydrogen bond, π-πbond, charge transfer, and other non-covalent ways to combine with ssDNA, but without other conformational DNA, can excellently separate specific aptamers from non-specific ones. In this case, we can shorten the cycle numbers, enhance the success rate, and reduce the labour intensity of systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment ( SELEX) . Especially for small molecular target, due to its difficulty in immobilization and small size, it is difficult to use traditional methods such as SPR-SELEX or affinity-SELEX for screening. In this experiment, polydopamine nanospheres ( MNPs@PDAs) were used to screen the Lomefloxacin. Also, we used magnetic separation technique to screen small molecular target rapidly. The interaction between aptamer candidates and the target could be monitored by recovery ratio of ssDNA and the whole MNPs@PDAs-SELEX process was performed through seven-round selection. As a result, we successfully obtained the aptamer named AF-3 which could recognize the lomefloxacin with high affinity (KD=(17. 57±0. 5) nmol/L). This screening method based on MNPs@PDAs makes it a promising reagent in the efficient aptamers selection of other targets.

To study the functional significance of oscillations in epileptogenesis we observed the relations between synchronized oscillations and epileptic events at the level of EEG,depth electrographes,local neural networks and single neuron in animal experiments in vivo or in vitro.Works were done on three models of epilepsy:kindling model on 400 μm thick horizontal rat brain slices containing the hippocampus(HPC) and entorhinal cortex(EC),acute and chronic epilepsy model in vivo.Tetanus(60 Hz,2 s,0.4～0.6 mA)was used to induce epilepsy events.The results showed that ①In 32.5%(13/40) brain slices both intracellular and extracellular recordings displayed membrane potential oscillations in CA1 neuron at 3～100 Hz induced by electric stimulus into Schaeffer collaterals.These oscillations at 7 Hz were related to synchronous field epileptiform events and promote its conversion.②In acute epilepsy model(n=10) spontaneous oscillations in the HPC at 4～7 Hz or in the medial temporal neocortex (MTNC) at 20 Hz were activated by tetanus into the MTNC or the HPC,respectively.The increased field oscillations could transfer into associated epilepsy events.③In the epileptic rats,the amplitude and frequency of spontaneous oscillations in EEG and depth electrograph were enhanced by chronically stimulating the dorsal HPC(n=12)and MTNC(n=11)respectively.Robust EEG rhythmic oscillations became prediction for behavioral and electrographic seizures in kindled rats.Tetanus-induced synchronous oscillations in the HPC-MTNC-cerebral cortex neural pathway could elicit the generation and development of epilepsy.