Bacillus mycoides JA20-1 was screened and identified as a biocontrol bacterium with a high capacity for producing volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in the laboratory. This strain had significant inhibitory effects on various postharvest disease pathogens in crops, such as Botrytis cinerea, as well as soil-borne disease pathogens in ginseng, such as Sclerotinia ginseng. In order to accelerate its industrialization process, in this study, single-factor experiments and response surface optimization methods were used. The fermentation medium and fermentation conditions in the shake flask of strain JA20-1 were systematically optimized by using cell production volume as the response variable. Meanwhile, the biocontrol effect of JA20-1 on B. cinerea of ginseng during the storage period was evaluated by using the method of fumigation in a dry dish in vitro. The results indicated that the optimal fermentation medium formulation for strain JA20-1 was as follows: 1% yeast paste, 1% soluble starch, 0.25% K_2HPO_4·3H_2O, and 0.2% NaCl. The optimal fermentation conditions in the shake flask were vaccination size of 3%, culture volume of 50 mL in a 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask, pH of 6.2, fermentation temperature of 34 ℃, shaking speed of 180 r·min~(-1), and incubation time of 18 hours. The bacteria count in the fermentation broth under these conditions reached 2.17 × 10~8 CFU·mL~(-1), which was 6.58 times higher than before. The average control efficacy of the fermentation broth on Botrytis cinerea of ginseng under in vitro fumigation reached 61.70% and 84.04% respectively, when 20 mL and 30 mL per dish were used. The research provided theoretical support and technical foundation for the development and utilization of Bacillus mycoides JA20-1 and the biocontrol of soil-borne diseases in ginseng and postharvest diseases in crops.
Botrytis/drug effects* ; Fermentation ; Panax/microbiology* ; Plant Diseases/prevention & control* ; Volatile Organic Compounds/metabolism* ; Bacillus/physiology* ; Pest Control, Biological/methods* ; Biological Control Agents/metabolism* ; Culture Media/chemistry*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effect and safety of acupuncture manipulation on treatment of intractable facial paralysis (IFP), and verify the practicality and precision of the Anzhong Facial Paralysis Precision Scale (Eyelid Closure Grading Scale, AFPPS-ECGS). METHODS: A multicentre, single-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted from October 2022 to June 2024. Eighty-nine IFP participants were randomly assigned to an ordinary acupuncture group (OAG, 45 cases) and a characteristic acupuncture group (CAG, 44 cases) using a random number table method. The main acupoints selected included Yangbai (GB 14), Quanliao (SI 18), Yingxiang (LI 20), Shuigou (GV 26), Dicang (ST 4), Chengjiang (CV 24), Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Jiache (ST 6), Fengchi (GB 20), and Hegu (LI 4). The OAG patients received ordinary acupuncture manipulation, while the CAG received characteristic acupuncture manipulation. Both groups received acupuncture treatment 3 times a week, with 10 times per course, lasting for 10 weeks. Facial recovery was assessed at baseline and after the 1st, 2nd and 3rd treatment course by AFPPS-ECGS and the House-Brackmann (H-B) Grading Scale. Infrared thermography technology was used to observe the temperature difference between healthy and affected sides in various facial regions. Adverse events and laboratory test abnormalities were recorded. The correlation between the scores of the two scales was analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: After the 2nd treatment course, the two groups showed statistically significant differences in AFPPS-ECGS scores (P<0.05), with even greater significance after the 3rd course (P<0.01). Similarly, H-B Grading Scale scores demonstrated significant differences between groups following the 3rd treatment course (P<0.05). Regarding temperature measurements, significant differences in temperatures of frontal and ocular areas were observed after the 2nd course (P<0.05), becoming more pronounced after the 3rd course (P<0.01). Additionally, mouth corner temperature differences reached statistical significance by the 3rd course (P<0.05). No safety-related incidents were observed during the study. Correlation analysis revealed that the AFPPS-ECGS and the H-B Grading Scale were strongly correlated (r=0.86, 0.91, 0.93, and 0.91 at baseline, and after 1st, 2nd, and 3rd treatment course, respectively, all P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Acupuncture is an effective treatment for IFP, and the characteristic acupuncture manipulation enhances the therapeutic effect. The use of the AFPPS-ECGS can more accurately reflect the recovery status of patients with IFP. (Trial registration No. ChiCTR2200065442).
Humans ; Acupuncture Therapy/methods* ; Facial Paralysis/therapy* ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Treatment Outcome ; Acupuncture Points ; Aged

AIM To establish the HPLC fingerprints for Tanacetum tatsienense(Bureau & Franchet)K.Bremer & Humphries and to determine the contents of chlorogenic acid,quercetin-3-O-glucoside,luteolin-7-O-glucoside,luteolin-7-O-glucuronide,apigenin-7-O-glucuronide,luteolin and apigenin.METHODS The analysis was performed on a 35 ℃ thermostatic Agilent ZORBAX Extend C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm,0.5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of 0.5％phosphoric acid-acetonitrile flowing at 1.0 mL/min,and the detection wavelength was set at 350 nm.Subsequently,principal component analysis,partial least squares discriminant analysis and cluster analysis were carried out.RESULTS There were twelve common peaks in the fingerprints for fourteen batches of samples with the similarities of 0.761-0.975.Seven constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(R2≥0.999 1),whose average recoveries were 84.00％-105.11％with the RSDs of 1.28％-2.86％.Various batches of samples were clustered into three types,and seven differential constituents were observable,containing peaks 4(luteolin-7-O-glucoside),12(apigenin),9(apigenin-7-O-glucuronide),8,11(luteolin),5(luteolin-7-O-glucuronide)and 2.CONCLUSION This precise,stable,specific and reproducible method can be used for the quality control of T.tatsienense.

Objective:To study the effect of segmented enteral nutrition combined with fistuloclysis on improving the nutritional status of patients with severe intestinal fistula,to explore the impact of nutritional support methods on the recovery of severe intestinal fistula,and to provide nursing experience for patients with severe intestinal fistula. Methods:96 patients with severe intestinal fistulas complicated by multiple fistulas admitted to the intensive care unit of Research Institute of General Surgery from February 2023 to August 2023 were selected. According to the nutritional support method,they were divided into intervention group (n=47) and control group (n=49). The intervention group used segmented enteral nutrition combined with fistuloclysis,and the control group only used segmented enteral nutrition. After 14 days of enteral nutrition intervention,the nutritional status of the two groups was compared,such as BMI,serum albumin levels,total protein levels,and hemoglobin levels;inflammation levels,such as serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels,interleukin-6 (IL-6),enteral Incidence of nutritional intolerance symptoms,prognosis such as total ICU length of stay,total hospitalization costs,etc. Results:After 14 days intervention,the serum total protein and hemoglobin of the intervention group were (71.55±7.00) g/L and (106.64±15.59) g/L,which were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The BMI of the intervention group was (21.83±4.44)kg/m2,and BMI in the control group was (19.64±3.16)kg/m2. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The CRP level in the intervention group was (35.71±27.77) mg/L,which was significantly lower than that in the control group[(56.78±51.22) mg/L,P<0.05]. The IL-6 level in the intervention group was (30.20±24.47) pg/mL,which was also significantly lower than that in the control group[(76.18±54.36)pg/mL,P<0.05]. Conclusion:Segmented enteral nutrition combined with fistuloclysis is beneficial to improving patients' nutritional status,reducing inflammatory reactions,reducing the incidence of enteral nutrition intolerance,and reducing the length of total hospitalization.

Objective To analyze the atrioventricular synchronization rate after implantation of Micra AV leadless pacemaker,and the impact of postoperative programming optimization on atrioventricular synchronization rate.Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted to select patients with complete atrioventricular block who underwent Micra AV leadless pacemaker implantation at Beijing Anzhen Hospital from August 2022 to June 2023.Programming optimization were performed at 1 week,1 month,and 3 months postoperatively,and atrioventricular synchronization rate,electrical parameters,and echocardiography were recorded.Results A total of 68 patients with complete atrioventricular block implanted with Micra AV were selected,with an average age of(68.2±9.7)years,including 47 males(69.1％).All patients were successfully implanted with Micra AV,and there were no serious postoperative complications;The average threshold,sense,and impedance parameters were stable during 1 week,1 month,and 3 months after the procedure;There was no significant difference in the EF value of postoperative echocardiography(P=0.162);The average atrioventricular synchronization rates at 1 week,1 month,and 3 months postoperatively were(75.2％vs.83.8％vs.91.6％,P=0.001).Conclusions As an mechanical atrial sensing,Micra AV requires personalized adjustment of relevant parameters;Postoperative follow-up programming optimization plays an important role in the atrioventricular synchronization and comfort level in patients with complete atrioventricular block after implantation of Micra AV leadless pacemaker.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of Xiaoai Jiedu Recipe in promoting ferroptosis of tumor cells and inhibi-ting the growth of transplanted tumors in hepatocellular carcinoma mice by proteomics method.METHODS C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into,model group,low-and high-dose groups of Xiaoai Jiedu Recipe,Xiaoai Jiedu Recipe combined with ferropto-sis inhibitor group,ferroptosis inhibitor group and cisplatin group.The H22 mouse transplantation tumor model was constructed and the drug administration interventions were as follows:the low-and high-dose groups of Xiaoai Jiedu Recipe were given Xiaoai Jiedu Reci-pe by gavage at the doses of 10 and 20 g·kg-1·d-1;the ferroptosis inhibitor group was given Liproxstatin-1 by intraperitoneal injec-tion at the dose of 10 mg·kg-1·d-1;the cisplatin group was given cisplatin by intraperitoneal injection at the dose of 10 mg·kg-1·d-1;the Xiaoai Jiedu Recipe combined with ferroptosis inhibitor group was given a gavage dose of 20 g·kg-1·d-1of Xiaoai Jiedu Recipe and an intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg·kg-1·d-1 of the ferroptosis inhibitor Liproxstatin-1;the model group was given an equal amount of saline by gavage.The drugs were administered for 11 d continuously.The tumors were stripped to calcu-late tumor inhibition rate.Pathological changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE).Mitochondrial structural changes were ob-served by transmission electron microscopy.Reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels were detected by flow cytometry.Serum was pre-pared and analysed by TMT peptide labelling combined with LC-MS/MS to find differential protein expression profiles,applying IPA software.Serum iron ions,glutathione(GSH)and malondialdehyde(MDA)levels were measured biochemically.Protein expression levels of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2),heme oxygenase-1(HMOX1),cystine/glutamate reverse transporter protein(SLC7A11)and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)were measured by protein Western blot.RESULTS The tumor growth was inhibi-ted in the low-and high-dose groups and the cisplatin group,with inhibition rates of 36.12%,51.63%and 57.43%,respectively,while the tumor growth was promoted in the ferroptosis inhibitor group,with an inhibition rate of-45.56%,and the tumor size was re-duced in the Xiaoai Jiedu Recipe combined with ferroptosis inhibitor group compared with the ferroptosis inhibitor group,with an inhi-bition rate of 18.11%.HE staining showed that apoptotic cells and a large number of vacuoles accumulated in the tumor tissues of the high-dose group and the cisplatin group.Transmission electron microscopy showed that the mitochondrial atrophy and membrane densi-ty increased to a certain extent in the low and high-dose groups of Xiaoai Jiedu Recipe.Flow cytometry results showed that ROS levels were significantly increased after the intervention of Xiaoai Jiedu Recipe(P<0.01).Proteomic tests showed that there were 129 differ-ential proteins,including 62 down-regulated proteins and 67 up-regulated proteins,in the high-dose group of Xiaoai Jiedu Recipe compared with the model group,and these differential expressions were involved in lipid metabolism,et al.The results of biochemical tests showed that the intervention of Xiaoai Jiedu Recipe increased the serum iron and MDA levels,and decreased the GSH level in mice.Western blot results showed that the protein expression levels of Nrf2 and HMOX1 increased,and those of SLC7A11 and GPX4 decreased after the intervention of the high-dose group of Xiaoai Jiedu Recipe(P<0.01).CONCLUSION Xiaoai Jiedu Recipe pro-motes ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by inducing the Nrf2/HMOX1 signaling pathway,regulating oxidative stress and ele-vating the level of lipid peroxidation,which may be one of its mechanisms of action in inhibiting the growth of transplanted tumors.

The chemical constituents of Helleborus thibetanus were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, and semi-preparative RP-HPLC, and the structures of all compounds were identified by modern spectrographic technology(MS, NMR). The MTT method was used to measure the cytotoxicity of compounds 1-8. Twelve compounds were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of H. thibetanus and were identified as(25R)-22β,25-expoxy-26-[(O-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-1β,3β-dihydroxyfurosta-5-en(1), β-sitosterol myristate(2), β-sitosterol lactate(3), β-sitosterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyrannoside(4), 4,6,8-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one(5), 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene(6), 7,8-dimethylbenzo pteridine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione(7), 1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid(8), p-hydroxy cinnamic acid(9), lauric acid(10), n-butyl α-L-arabinofuranoside(11) and methyl-α-D-fructofuranoside(12), respectively. Among them, compound 1 is a new compound and named thibetanoside L; compounds 2, 5-8, 11 are first isolated from the family Ranunculaceae; compound 12 is isolated from the genus Helleborus for the first time. The results of MTT assay showed that the IC_(50) values of compounds 1-8 against HepG2 and HCT116 cells were greater than 100 μmol·L~(-1).
Helleborus/chemistry* ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Roots/chemistry* ; Rhizome/chemistry* ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Arrhythmia is an external manifestation of cardiac electrophysiological disorder. It exists in healthy people and patients with various heart diseases, which is often associated with other cardiovascular diseases. The contraction and diastole of myocardium are inseparable from the movement of ions. There are many ion channels in the membrane and organelle membrane of myocardium. The dynamic balance of myocardial ions is vital in maintaining myocardial electrical homeostasis. Potassium ion channels that have a complex variety and a wide distribution are involved in the whole process of resting potential and action potential of cardiomyocytes. Potassium ion channels play a vital role in maintaining normal electrophysiological activity of myocardium and is one of the pathogenesis of arrhythmia. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has unique advantages in treating arrhythmia for its complex active components and diverse targets. A large number of TCM preparations have definite effect on treating arrhythmia-related diseases, whose antiarrhythmic mechanism may be related to the effect on potassium channel. This article mainly reviewed the relevant studies on the active components in TCM acting on different potassium channels to provide references for clinical drug use and development.
Humans ; Potassium Channels ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/therapeutic use* ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac/drug therapy* ; Heart Diseases/drug therapy* ; Ions

Humans ; Comorbidity ; Diabetes Mellitus/genetics* ; East Asian People ; Hypertension/genetics* ; Hypertriglyceridemia/genetics* ; Obesity/genetics* ; Receptors, Calcitriol/genetics*

Currently,the research or publications related to the clinical comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicine are increasing,which attracts the broad attention of all circles. According to the completed clinical evaluation report on Chinese patent medicine,there are still practical problems and technical difficulties such as unclear responsibility of the evaluation organization,unclear evaluation subject,miscellaneous evaluation objects,and incomplete and nonstandard evaluation process. In terms of evaluation standards and specifications,there are different types of specifications or guidelines with different emphases issued by different academic groups or relevant institutions. The professional guideline is required to guide the standardized and efficient clinical comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicine and further improve the authority and quality of evaluation. In combination with the characteristics of Chinese patent medicine and the latest research achievement at home and abroad,the detailed specifications were formulated from six aspects including design,theme selection,content and index,outcome,application and appraisal,and quality control. The guideline was developed based on the guideline development requirements of China Assoication of Chinese medicine. After several rounds of expert consensus and public consultation,the current version of the guideline has been developed.
Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Nonprescription Drugs ; Consensus ; China ; Reference Standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal