Objective:To understand the frailty status of the elderly in nursing homes and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:This study is a cross-sectional study. Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 266 elderly people in 6 nursing homes in Changsha city were selected from April to October 2019. General information questionnaire, Chinese version of Tilburg Frailty Scale, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) , Pittsburgh Quality Index (PSQI) , UCLA Loneliness Scale, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-5) and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were used to investigate. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influential factors of frailty in the elderly.Results:Totally 266 questionnaires were distrionted, and 265 questionnaires were valid. The frailty score of the elderly in nursing homes was (6.97±3.64) and the detection rate of frailty was 59.2% (157/265) . The results of single factor analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the total frailty scores of elderly people with different education levels, nature of nursing homes, retirement income, number of falls, weight category, physical activities, intelligent training, social activities and self-rated health status ( F/t=24.541, 2.265, 17.404, 15.311, 4.193, 35.574, 21.376, 6.957, 53.135; P<0.05) . The results of correlation analysis showed that sleep quality, loneliness and depression were positively correlated with frailty and its dimensions ( P<0.01) , while cognitive function and social support were negatively correlated with frailty and its dimensions ( P<0.01) . The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the number of falls, self-rated health status, depression score and loneliness score could positively predict the overall frailty score (standardized regression coefficients were 0.112, 0.171, 0.280, 0.241; P<0.01) , while physical activity, cognitive function score could negatively predict overall frailty scores (standardized regression coefficients were -0.165, -0.174; P<0.01) . Conclusions:The current status of frailty of the elderly in nursing homes is not optimistic. The elderly need to improve the evaluation of elderly frailty and carry out early intervention for high-risk elderly people to delay the process of frailty.