Objective: To analyze the clinical response in cases of multi-victims bitten by a dog in Beijing (one of whom was HIV positive), and to explore the route and prognosis of dual exposure to rabies virus and HIV. Methods: Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the exposed cases, the post-exposure prophylaxis(PEP) of rabies and HIV and the follow-up outcomes. Results: After six months-follow up, there was no rabies case was found among those nine victims bitten by the suspected dog. In addition, six HIV-negative victims who had been exposed to HIV via dog saliva were consistently tested to be HIV negative in the follow up period. Conclusions In cases with multi-victims bitten by one dog, except exposure to rabies virus, it is necessary to be alert to the presence of HIV, HBV or HCV infection in sequential victims. Therefore, the risk of the potential spreading of other blood-borne infectious pathogens should be assessed. It is important to initiate PEP as early as possible.

Objective: To understand the prophylaxis of population exposed to rabies, and provide a basis for prevention and control of rabies. Methods: The registration data of 1 019 cases with rabies exposure in Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from Mar, 2017 to Feb, 2018 were analyzed using the descriptive epidemiologic method. Results: Among the 1 019 cases of rabies exposure, the sex ratio of men to women was 0.90∶1, with the highest proportion of them were between 26 and 46 years of age old, accounting for 46.5%. Rabies exposure reached its peak (46.9%) between June and September. In addition, 63.3% of the injuries were caused by dogs and 36.7% by cats. Most of the wounds (55.1%) occurred in hands; and the second was lower limbs (26.6%). Most of the cases (60.7%) had grade II wounds; followed by grade III wounds (39.1%); 69.3% of the cases completed immunization with rabies vaccine. In grade III exposure, 73.7% of the patients were immunized with rabies immunoglobulin. Most of the persons of grade III exposure (73.7%) received inoculation with human rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG). Conclusions Measures to control rabies should be focused on the management of dogs and cats and the standardization of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis.

Objective To explore application of nursing emergency measures in admission care of patients with influenza infection in Infectious Disease Emergency Department. Methods In order to response to the pandemic influenza in the winter of 2017, Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University started the rapidly response mechanism to emergency, including rationally allocating human resources, strengthening district disinfection and isolation, putting disinfection and isolation, personal protection and quality care into practice, to effectively respond to public health emergencies. Results A total of 9 190 patients were admitted to the Infectious Disease Emergency Department within 54 days, including 5 953 influenza patients, of those, 5 687 observed influenza patients recovered and discharged. The other 266 patients were admitted to the hospital, and 10 patients were admitted to the intensive care unit for early diagnosis of severe cases. Ultimately 264 patients recovered and were discharged but 2 patients died. Throughout the nursing process, none cross-infections occurred among patients and none infections occurred in medical personnel. Conclusions Scientific management methods and effective nursing emergency management systems are important for the department to quickly respond to public health emergencies.