High-quality development is the primary task of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way. Organ donation and transplantation in China are evolving from high-speed growth to high-quality development, which put forward new requirements for the safe, stable and healthy operation of Organ Procurement Organization (OPO). Safety is the foundation and prerequisite for achieving the goal of high-quality development. As an independent and comprehensive department, internal audit should create new achievements in the new era. The department should include OPO and organ donation into the scope of internal audit, shift the emphasis upon the overall development of organ donation. Besides, it should fully consider the actual situation in different places, conduct all-round, objective and fair evaluation, provide evaluation and consulting services for OPO to properly implement organ donation, and give full play to the supervision and prevention role of internal audit.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Tibetan tea is a kind of dark tea, due to the inherent complexity of natural products, the chemical composition and beneficial effects of Tibetan tea are not fully understood. The objective of this study was to unravel the composition of Tibetan tea using knowledge-guided multilayer network (KGMN) techniques and explore its potential antioxidant and hypolipidemic mechanisms in mice.MATERIALS/METHODS: The C57BL/6J mice were continuously gavaged with Tibetan tea extract (T group), green tea extract (G group) and ddH 2 O (H group) for 15 days. The activity of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in mice was detected.Transcriptome sequencing technology was used to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the antioxidant and lipid-lowering effects of Tibetan tea in mice. Furthermore, the expression levels of liver antioxidant and lipid metabolism related genes in various groups were detected by the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method. RESULTS: The results showed that a total of 42 flavonoids are provisionally annotated in Tibetan tea using KGMN strategies. Tibetan tea significantly reduced body weight gain and increased T-AOC and SOD activities in mice compared with the H group. Based on the results of transcriptome and qPCR, it was confirmed that Tibetan tea could play a key role in antioxidant and lipid lowering by regulating oxidative stress and lipid metabolism related pathways such as insulin resistance, P53 signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway, fatty acid elongation and fatty acid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS This study was the first to use computational tools to deeply explore the composition of Tibetan tea and revealed its potential antioxidant and hypolipidemic mechanisms, and it provides new insights into the composition and bioactivity of Tibetan tea.

Objective To analyze the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D]in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,and preliminarily investigate the correlation between serum 25(OH)D level and metabolic indicators such as glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)and pancreatic islet function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods A total of 459 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology,Xinxiang First People's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2020 were selected as the research subjects.Clinical data of the patients were collected,including gender,age,serum 25(OH)D,fasting insulin,C-peptide,HbA1c,fasting blood glucose,postprandial blood glucose,urinary microalbumin,urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio,blood calcium,blood uric acid(UA),triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TCH),low-density lipoprotein(LDL),and high-density lipoprotein(HDL).According to the serum 25(OH)D level,the patients were divided into sufficient group[n=20,25(OH)D≥30 μg·L-1],insufficient group[n=95,20 μg·L-125(OH)D＜30 μg·L-1],deficient group[n=231,10 μg·L-1 ≤25(OH)D＜20 μg·L-1],and severely deficient group[n=113,25(OH)D＜10 μg·L-1].Differences in metabolic indicators of patients in the four groups were compared,and the correlation between 25(OH)D level and metabolic indicators was analyzed by using the Pearson correlation.Results The serum 25(OH)D level of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was 3.00-46.59(15.75±0.35)μg·L-1;the serum 25(OH)D level of male patients was significantly higher than that of female patients(P＜0.05).The prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was 74.9％(344/459).The 25(OH)D deficiency mainly occurred in January,February,March,April,November,and December.Patients in the insufficient,deficient,and severely deficient groups had significantly higher HbA1c levels than those in the sufficient group(P＜0.05),and the HbA1c levels of patients in the deficient and severely deficient groups were significantly higher than those in the insufficient group(P＜0.05);there was no statistically significant difference in the HbA1c level between the deficient group and the severely deficient group(P＞0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in fasting blood glucose between the sufficient group and insufficient group,and between the deficient group and severely deficient group(P＞0.05);fasting blood glucose of patients in the deficient and severely deficient groups was significantly higher than that in the sufficient and insufficient groups(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in fasting insulin,urinary microalbumin,daily total urinary albumin,and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio of patients among the sufficient,insufficient,and deficient groups(P＞0.05);the fasting insulin of patients in the severely deficient group was significantly lower than that in the sufficient,insufficient,and deficient groups(P＜0.05);the urinary microalbumin,daily total urinary albumin,and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio of patients in the severely deficient group were significantly higher than those in the sufficient,insufficient,and deficient groups(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance(HOMA-IR),serum albumin,blood creatinine,1-hour postprandial blood glucose,2-hour postprandial blood glucose,3-hour postprandial blood glucose,fasting C-peptide,1-hour postprandial C-peptide,2-hour postprandial C-peptide,3-hour postprandial C-peptide,TG,TCH,LDL,HDL,blood UA,and blood calcium of patients among the four groups(P＞0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum 25(OH)D levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were negatively correlated with HbA1c,urinary microalbumin,and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio(r=-0.093,-0.166,-0.157;P＜0.05),and positively correlated with fasting insulin(r=0.089,P＜0.05).Serum 25(OH)D levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had no correlation with fasting blood glucose,HOMA-IR,serum albumin,blood creatinine,1-hour postprandial blood glucose,2-hour postprandial blood glucose,3-hour postprandial blood glucose,fasting C-peptide,1-hour postprandial C-peptide,2-hour postprandial C-peptide,3-hour postprandial C-peptide,TG,TCH,LDL,HDL,blood UA,and blood calcium(P＞0.05).Conclusion 25(OH)D deficiency and insufficiency are common in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,especially in female patients.In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,25(OH)D level is positively correlated with fasting insulin and negatively correlated with HbAlc,urinary microalbumin,and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio.25(OH)D deficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is mainly distributed in January,February,March,April,November,and December.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of adult Chinese patients with syncope.Methods:This is a cross-sectional survey study. Patients with preliminary diagnosis of syncope in the Emergency Department, Geriatrics and Cardiology Outpatient Department, or Syncope Unit of 37 hospitals in 19 provinces, autonomous regions and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region from June 2018 to March 2021 were included in this study. The clinical features of these patients with syncope were analyzed.Results:A total of 4 950 consecutive patients with syncope were included in this study. The age was (56.3±16.8)years, and 2 604 cases (52.6%) were male. The most common type of syncope was neurally mediated syncope (2 345 (47.4%)), followed by cardiac syncope (1 085 (21.9%)), orthostatic hypotensive syncope (311 (6.3%)), and unexplained syncope accounted for nearly one third (1 155 (23.3%)). Predisposing syncope was more common in patients under 65 years of age(2 066(72.4%) vs. 786(27.6%),χ 2=136.5, P<0.001). Presyncope was more common in patients with neurally mediated syncope (1 972(79.0%) vs.1 908(73.9%), χ 2=17.756, P<0.001). Premonitory symptoms were more common in women(1 837(80.0%) vs. 1 863(73.0%),χ 2=33.432, P<0.001). Presyncope syndrome was more common in patients under 65 years of age (2 482(77.8%) vs. 1 218(73.4%),χ 2=17.523, P=0.001). Cyanosis was more common in ≥65 years old patients (271(18.2%) vs. 369(12.7%), χ 2=23.235, P<0.001). Urinary incontinence was more common in old patients aged ≥65 years(252(15.2%) vs. 345(10.8%), χ 2=19.313, P<0.001). Family history was more common in patients with cardiogenic syncope compared with other types of syncope (264(24.3%) vs. 754(19.5%), χ 2=11.899, P=0.001). Hypertention(1 480(30.5%)), coronary heart disease(1 057(21.4%)), atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation(359(7.2%)), second degree atrioventricular block(236(4.8%)) were common complications of syncope. The proportion of patients with coronary heart disease was significantly higher in cardiac syncope than that of other types of syncope(417(38.4%) vs. 640(16.6%), χ 2=241.376, P<0.001). Other common complications included cerebrovascular diseases (551 (11.1%)) and diabetes mellitus (632(12.8%)). Conclusions:Neurally mediated syncope is the most common syncope in adult Chinese population. Patients with predisposing conditions and premonitory conditions are younger. Presyncope is more common in women. The proportion of family history and coronary heart disease is higher in patients with cardiogenic syncope.