0.05).Conclusion:It is similar in both incidence rate of depression symptoms and clinical manifestations between ET and PD.Depression symptoms in ET are common,so clinicians should pay attention to it.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is closely related to the breakdown of blood spinal cord barrier (BSCB).The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) excessive activation plays a key role in the progression of BSCB and SCI destruction.We mainly reviewed the mechanism of EGFR signaling pathway activation in pathophysiology of BSCB damage after SCI.

Cerebral ischemia,brain tumor,and spinal cord injury (SCI) are the central nerve disease which usually cause irreversible,severe neurologic deficits or death.Inflammation plays a key role in the associated secondary damage after central nervous system (CNS) injury.Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) excessive activation has been closely implicated in the initiation and progression of inflammation.Previous studies have shown that through depressing CNS inflammation,EGFR inhibitors may play a role in the therapeutic treatment of CNS disorders.We mainly reviewed the mechanisms of EGFR signaling pathway activation mediating inflammatory damage in CNS.

Objective To evaluate the effect of resveratrol on inhibiting inflammatory responses of astrocytes and protecting neurons from injury in cerebral ischemic mice.Methods (1) Sixty adult male C57/BL6 mice were randomly assigned to sham-operated group,ischemic group (mice were subjected to transient global ischemia by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion after injection of 1.5％ DMSO),and resveratrol treatment group (mice were subjected to transient global ischemia after injection of 20 mg/kg resveratrol dissolved in 1.5％ DMSO),with 20 mice in each group;the neuronal damage in the ischemic mouse brains was analyzed by Cresyl Violet (CV) staining.(2) In vitro,the primary cultured astrocytes were divided into oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-treated astrocytes group (DMSO was added into the culture medium of astrocytes followed by OGD treatment) and resveratrol-treated astrocytes group (DMSO and 25 μmol/L resveratrol were added into the culture medium of astrocytes followed by OGD treatment);the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 were analyzed by ELISA at re-oxygenation 12 h after 4 h-OGD treatment;meanwhile,the primary cultured neurons were injured by OGD treatment,and subsequently were divided into OGD-treated neurons group (neurons were incubated with culture medium of OGD-treated astrocytes) and resveratrol-treated neurons group (neurons were incubated with culture medium of resveratrol-trcated astrocytes).The neurite outgrowth and expressions of TNF-α and IL-6 in astrocytes of each group were analyzed by immunofluoresent staining,and the lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release of OGD injured neurons was detected by LDH Kit.Results (1) CV staining showed that the degrees of hippocampal neurons injury in the resveratrol treatment group (1.50±0.34) were significantly decreased as compared with those in the ischemic group (3.17±0.31,P＜0.05).(2) ELISA showed that the expressions of TNF-α and IL-6 in the resveratrol-treated astrocytes group ([160.2±18.41] pg/mL,[241.25±42.22] pg/mL) were significantly decreased as compared with those in the OGD-treated astrocytes group ([282.4 ±17.01] pg/mL,[550.5 ±59.02] pg/mL,P＜0.05);LDH detection showed the release of LDH from the resveratrol-treated neurons (0.30±0.05) was dramatically decreased as compared with that from the OGD-treated neurons (0.62±0.08,P＜0.05);immunofluorescence staining showed that the TNF-α and lL-6 positive expressions in the resveratrol-treated astrocytes were obviously decreased as compared with those in the OGD-treated astrocytes,and the expressions of neurites of the resveratrol-treated neurons were obviously increased as compared with those in the OGD-treated neurons.Conclusion Resveratrol has neuroprotective effect on neurons in global cerebral ischemic mice,probably via down-regulating the expressions and secretion of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 from the astrocytes.

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody mainly mediated,T cellular dependent and multiple complement involved acquired autoimmune disease.Anticholinesterase drug (pyridostigmine bromide),corticosteroid and azathioprine are usually used as first-line therapy due to their demonstrated effect in patients with diagnosed MG.Nevertheless,some patients with refractory MG cannot benefit from conventional treatment,and long-term application of agents may lead to obvious side effects.Recently,the emerging monoclonal antibodies with higher safety and specific targets may provide new treatment options for MG.This review discussed the currently latest research progress in this field.

By means of brain connectomics, structural patterns of the brain nerve cells can be abstracted into a highly complex network, and epilepsy is one of the most common disorders of brain network. Although focal epilepsy (FE) is once thought to be a focal brain disease, current researches have confirmed that extensive changes exist in the FE brain network. With the development of brain connectomics in the field of epilepsy, the brain network characteristics of FE are gradually characterized. In this paper, the recent advance in human brain connectomics of FE is reviewed to summarize the characteristics of FE brain network.

Objective　To determine the optimal time window to treat spinal cord injury (SCI) by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor osimertinib.Methods　60 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (10 in each group):injury control group and 5 osimertinib-treated groups (0 d,1 d,3 d，5 d and 7 d group).After rats spinal cord injury model was established,the rats in osimertinib-treated group were applied with at different time (0 day,1 day,3 days and 7 days) after injury，while the injury group animals were only given vehicle solution (normal saline) lacking osimertinib.Neurological deficits was evaluated by using the BBB locomotor scale at first day and weekly post-injury.Residual urine volume was recorded everyday in each group.14 days after SCI, 5 rats were randomly selected and sacrificed.Spinal cord tissues were collected,and the expression of GAP-43 was detected by Western blot.Results　(1)The BBB score of rats in 0 d group,1 d group,3 d group was significantly higher than 5 d group,7 d group and injury groups(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference among 0 d group,1 d group and 3 d group(P>0.05).(2)The residual urine volume of rats in 0 d group,1 d group,3 d group was significantly less than that other groups (P<0.05),and there was no significant difference among 0 d group,1 d group and 3 d group(P>0.05).(3)The expression of GAP-43 in 0 d group,1 d group and 3 d group was significantly higher than other groups(P<0.05,or P<0.01),and there was no significant difference among 0 d group,1 d group and 3 d group (P>0.05).Conclusion　The optimal time of EGFR inhibitor osimertinib to treat spinal cord injury in rats was 0 h to 72 h after spinal cord injury.