Objective To observe the digestive system related symptoms in patients with early-middle stage Parkinson's disease (PD) and healthy subjects,and investigate the incidence of the symptoms and the influencing factors.Methods One hundred and eight PD patients with early and middle stage (Hoehn-Yahr staging 1-3) were admitted to Xuzhou Central Hospital and followed up for a long time.A questionnaire,including seven items of digestive system related symptoms selected from the PD Non-Motor Symptom Scale and the Scale for Outcomes in PD for Autonomic Symptoms (taste abnormalities,swallowing disorders,salivation,easy or early satiety,constipation,loose stools,fecal incontinence),and additional five items of digestive system related symptoms (loss of appetite,dry mouth,oral pain,nausea,vomiting),totally 12 items,was used in a survey on PD patients.Seventy-six healthy subjects in the physical examination center of the hospital served as control group,and conducted the same questionnaire survey.Results There was no statistically significant difference in age,gender,height,weight,body mass index (BMI) between the PD and control groups.In 108 PD patients,dry mouth accounted for 64 cases (59.26％),constipation 53 cases (49.07％) and taste abnormalities 40 cases (37.04％),followed by loss of appetite 35 cases (32.41％) and early satiety 26 cases (24.07％),swallowing disorders 20 cases (18.52％),nausea 11 cases (10.19％),salivation 10 cases (9.26％),oral pain seven cases (6.48％),vomiting four cases (3.70％),loose stools one case (0.87％).In 76 controls,taste abnormalities accounted for 13 cases (17.11％),early satiety six cases (7.89％),loss of appetite six cases (7.89％),nausea five cases (6.58％),salivation three cases (3.95％),oral pain one case (1.32％),and the rest zero.The incidence of constipation (x2=52.390,P＜0.01),dry mouth (x2=69.050,P＜0.01),early satiety (x2=8.128,P=0.004),loss of appetite (x2=16.010,P＜0.01),taste abnormalities (x2=8.642,P=0.003) and swallowing disorders (x2=15.790,P＜0.01) showed statistically significant difference between the two groups.Analysis of the influencing factors showed that male had an effect on constipation (95％CI 1.371-7.495,OR=3.205),early satiety (95％CI 4.227-282.913,OR=34.582),taste abnormalities (95％CI 6.620-88.942,OR=24.260) and swallowing disorders (95％CI 2.784-88.475,OR=22.906),while other factors such as age,body mass index,disease duration and motor symptom types had no effect on the occurrence of digestive system related symptoms.Conclusions Digestive system related symptoms in patients with PD include dry mouth,constipation,taste abnormalities,loss of appetite,early satiety,and swallowing disorders,which may be their unique symptoms.Male is a risk factor for taste abnormalities,swallowing disorders,early satiety and constipation.

Objective To observe the nutritional status of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and investigate the influences of some non-motor symptoms in nutritional status. Methods One hundred and nineteen PD patients, admitted to our hospital from May 2016 to May 2017, and followed up for a long time, were chosen in our study. General clinical data, as age, gender, disease history, and Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) grading, were collected, and the nutritional status of the patients was evaluated by subject global assessment (SGA) and patient generated subject global assessment (PG-SGA). According to the PG-SGA results, groups of grading A (well-nourished status), grading B (moderately malnourished status), and grading C (severely malnourished status) were divided. The proportion of each type of symptoms appeared in each group was compared and the risk factors of malnutrition in PD patients were determined by Logistics regression analysis. Results Among the 119 PD patients, 86 (72.26％) were classified as grading A, 33 (27.73％) as grading B, and none as grading C. There were statistically significant differences in body mass, body mass index, PG-SGA total scores and H-Y grading between patients from grading A and grading B groups (P<0.05). Among the 82 grading A patients, the common symptoms were dry mouth (n=49, 56.98％), constipation (n=43, 50.00％) and abnormal taste (n=25, 29.07％); among the 33 grading B patients, the common symptoms were dry mouth (n=23, 69.70％), constipation (n=21, 63.64％) and abnormal taste (n=18, 52.90％); there were statistically significant differences in the frequencies of anorexia, abnormal taste or no taste, bad smell, early satiety, pain and dietary intake between patients from the two groups (P<0.05). Anorexia (OR=10.76, 95％CI:2.00-57.894, P=0.006), early satiety (OR=4.539, 95％CI: 1.633-11.491, P=0.003), and pain (OR=4.608, 95％CI: 1.038-20.452, P=0.045) were independent risk factors for malnutrition in PD patients. Conclusion PD patients are prone to malnutrition; when patients have anorexia, early satiety and pain symptoms, timely intervention should be given or nutritional support should be further strengthened.