Adolescent ; Adult ; Anemia, Aplastic ; etiology ; therapy ; Benzene ; poisoning ; Bone Marrow Cells ; drug effects ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Diseases ; etiology ; therapy ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects

Objective To find out the status of brick-tea type fluorosis in the epidemic areas.Methods Based on "Scheme for Epidemiological Brick-tea Type Fluorosis in Sichuan Province",ten counties were selected in Sichuan brick-tea areas and ten towns were selected in every county,then the epidemicologic survey was performed in children of 8～12 year-old and adults aged above 20 years old.Results 5044 children and 4053 adults were selected from brick-tea areas.The rates of dental fluorosis in children and adults were 55.69%(2809/5044)and 60.41%(4053/6709)respectively.The dental fluorosis was mainly of mild damage.The skeletal fluorosis found in X-ray film was 44.64%(167/1241)and in clinical examination,38.94%(3883/9973).The levels of urine fluoride in children and adults were 1.88 and 2.78 mg/L.The level of urine fluoride was not differenet among children of different age,but in adults it was higher in the elder than the younger.The level of fluoride in urine was related to the severeness of skeletal fluorosis(r=0.74).The detective rates of skeletal fluorosis in agricuIture,pasturing,and agriculture-pasturing areaswere 31.70%(1369/4318),50.04%(1228/2454),and 40.17%(1286/3201),respectively.The X-ray detecting rates of skeletal fluorosis in men and wonlen were 49.57%(229/462)and 41.72%(325/779) respectively(χ2=11.72,P＜0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of brick-tea type fluorosis is very serious in the regions studied.

Objective To compare the clinical characteristics and clinical outcomes in young (≤45 years) female and male coronary artery disease (CAD) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods Angiographic and clinical data from 124 premenopausal female patients who underwent elective PCI from April 2004 to February 2008 were compared to age-matched 430 male patients who underwent elective PCI between 2006 and 2007 in our department. All patients were treated according to guidelines and coronary angiography was repeated after 6 months. One year clinical follow-up were performed in all patients. Results Incidences of dyslipidemia, the history of myocardial infarction and smoking were significantly lower in female patients than in male patients (all P < 0.01 ). Left main, left anterior descending and bifurcation lesions were more common while type C lesion and right coronary lesion were less common in young female CAD group compared to young male CAD group (P <0. 01 -0. 05). The average lesion length in female patients was significantly longer than that in male patients [ (20. 36±13.37)mm vs.( 23.04±13.86) mm, P < 0. 05 ]. The in-hospital and follow-up incidences of major adverse cardiac events,stent thrombosis and in-stent restenosis were similar between young female and male CAD patients.Conclusions CAD risk factors were less and vessel lesions were more likely to be found at left main, left anterior descending and bifurcation in young female CAD patients compared to young male CAD patients.The clinical outcomes were similar between young female and male CAD patients.

Objective To investigate the impact of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 681G>A polymorphism on long-term prognosis of clopidogrel-treated Chinese patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods Between January 1, 2009 and August 31,2009, 267 patients with coronary heart disease who received PCI and treated with clopidogrel for 12 months were enrolled. CYP2C19*2 was detected by MALDI-TOF MS and patients were grouped into CYP2C19*1/*1(n=130) and CYP2C19*2 carriers group (n=137). Follow-up was 12 months. The primary endpoint was angina recurrence, urgent coronary revascularization, acute myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, death and the combined end points. Results Baseline data were similar between two groups (P>0.05).Urgent coronary revascularization and the combined end points occurred more frequently in CYP2C19*2 carriers than in CYP2C19*1/*1 patients (7.3% vs. 1.5% and 8.0% vs. 2.3% respectively,all P<0.05). But incidence of angina recurrence, acute myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis and death was similar between two groups (all P>0.05).Hazard risk of 1 year cumulative survival of CYP2C19*2 carriers group was significantly higher than CYP2C19*1/*1 group after PCI (HR=3.59, 95%CI: 1.02-12.87, P<0.05). Conclusion CYP2C19 681G>A polymorphism is a determinant of prognosis in coronary heart disease patients receiving chronic clopidogrel treatment after PCI.