Objective: To examine the correlation between anxiety and perceived stress among medical personnel in a tertiary specialized cancer hospital, so as to provide the evidence for improving psychological health among medical personnel. Methods: In-service doctors, nurses and technicians were sampled from a tertiary specialized cancer hospital, and their demographics, perceived stress and sources of stress were collected using self-designed questionnaires. Anxiety was evaluated using the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the associations of anxiety with perceived stress and source of stress were examined using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total 800 questionnaires were allocated and 655 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 81.88%. The respondents included 160 men (24.43%) and 495 women (75.57%), and 297 respondents (45.34%) were at ages of 30 to 39 years. There were 14 respondents with no or low level of stress (2.14%), 245 with general level of stress (37.40%), 289 with high level of stress (44.12%), and 107 with extremely high level of stress (16.34%). The prevalence of anxiety was 36.64% among respondents. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified perceived stress at work (OR=2.205, 95%CI: 1.657-2.675), doctor-patient relationship (OR=2.259, 95%CI: 1.561-3.282) and interpersonal relationship (OR=2.272, 95%CI: 1.387-3.693) as a factor affecting anxiety among medical personnel. Conclusion The anxiety correlates with stress at work, doctor-patient relationship and interpersonal relationship among medical personnel in a tertiary specialized cancer hospital.