Objective: To examine the relationships of academic feedback,mathematic self-efficacy and mathematic achievement of students in grade seven.Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted to 192 students in grade seven randomly selected from a middle school in changchun by group.Results: ①each aspect of academic feedback was significantly correlated with mathematic self-efficacy and mathematic achievement;②effective feedback directly influenced the academic achievement and mathematic self-efficacy;③and the effective feedback and complex feedback influenced the mathematic self-efficacy directly.Conclusion: ①academic feedback,mathematic self-efficacy can influence the mathematic achievement of student;②academic feedback can influence the mathematic self-efficacy of students.This study suggests that proper academic feedbacks can improve the mathematic self-efficacy and achievement of students.

Objective To compare the effectiveness of two-suppression therapy with over-plus hyperopia lens and atropine mydriasis for school-age chihtren with monocular amblyopia. Method One hundred and sixty-seven cases of children with monocular amblyopia in the age of 7-12 years old were observed, who were randomly divided into two groups, using over-plus hyperopia lens or atropine mydriasis to suppress the normal eye, and the amblyopia eye was comprehensive trained, followed-up of 3 years. Results The effect rate was similar between over-plus hyperopia lens and atropine mydriasis [90.7%(78/86) and 91.4%(74/81), respectively]. There was no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusions For school-age children with monocular amblyopia, you can use over-plus hyperopia lens inhibit the normal eye sight, its effect is similar with the atropine mydriasis.

With the development of modern medical technology,the traditional teaching mode can not satisfy the teaching requirements of biomedical measurement and instrument which is one of the main courses of biomedical engineering,and network teaching is the tendency.The article studies how to develop biomedical measurement and instrument's network teaching from many aspects,such as the construction of information platform,network teaching pattern design and so on,and the practice has achieved good results.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the method of efficacy evaluation of Chinese traditional medicine(CTM)by the theory of pharmacoeconomics.METHODS:Based on the characteristics and the market situation,together with the current interna?tional pharmacoeconomics evaluation norm,the method for the efficacy evaluation of CTM was analyzed and discussed.RE?SULTS&CONCLUSIONS:Both the advantages of CTM and the international evaluation standard should be taken into consideration in the evaluation of the efficacy of CTM,it is advisable to adopt the western medicine efficacy assessment stan?dard if possible so as to increase its international acceptability.

Cerebral vasospasm (CVS) is a serious complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is an endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor substance.A large number of clinical and basic studies have shown that cerebrospinal fluid and/or ET-1 levels in peripheral blood increases in patients with SAH and play an important role in the occurrence and development of CVS.This article reviews the research status of the role of ET-1 in the occurrence and development of CVS.

ObjectiveTostudytheroleoffunctionalsubetsofCD4+Tlymphocytesinsyphilis.Methods40casesofsyphilis(20casesofprimaryandsecondarysyphiliseach)enteredinthisstudy,and15normalindividualsascontrols.Theperipheralbloodmononuclearcells(PBMCs)ofpatientswithsyphilisandnormalcontrolswereculturedinvitrowithphytohemagglutinin(PHA)for48hours,andtheTh2cytokineIL-4、Th1cytokineinterferon-?(IFN-?)inthesupermatantweremeasured,thechangesofIL-4,IFN-?ineachstageofsyphiliswereobserved.ResultsTheresultsshowedthattheproductionofIL-4insyphilispatientswasmarkedlyhigherthanthatinnormalcontrols,(P

The research of sleep staging is not only a basis of diagnosing sleep related diseases but also the precondition of evaluating sleep quality, and has important clinical significance. In recent years, the research of automatic sleep staging based on computer has become a hot spot and got some achievements. The basic knowledge of sleep staging and electroencephalogram (EEG) is introduced in this paper. Then, feature extraction and pattern recognition, two key technologies for automatic sleep staging, are discussed in detail. Wavelet transform and Hilbert-Huang transform, two methods for feature extraction, are compared. Artificial neural network and support vector machine (SVM), two methods for pattern recognition are discussed. In the end, the research status of this field is summarized, and development trends of next phase are pointed out.
Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Sleep Stages ; Support Vector Machine ; Wavelet Analysis

Objective To determine the expression of E-cadherin-catenins complex(E-cad,?-cat,?-cat and ?-cat) in early gastric cancer and their relationships with biological characteristics of early gastric cancer by evaluating the invasion and the lymph nodes metastasis of eraly gastric cancer(ECG).Methods 53 cases of EGC,who accepted radical operations from January 1997 to December 2000 in Sir Run Show Hospital were included in this study.According to the invasion depth and lymph nodes metastasis,they were divided into different sub-groups for discussion.Also the normal gastric mucosa of 10 cases with extra-gastric disease were selected as control group.Results All four proteins(E-cad,?-cat,?-cat and ?-cat) were normally expressed in control group.In early gastric cancer,the abnormal expression rates of E-cad,?-cat,?-cat and ?-cat were 64.2%,69.8%,66% and 73.6%,respectively.In the sub-group of mucosal invasion,the abnormal expression rates were 61%(14/23),65.2%(15/23),47.8%(11/23) and 56.5%(13/23),respectively.But in the sub-group of submucosal invasion,the abnormal expression rates were 66.7%(20/30),73.3(22/30)%,80%(24/30) and 86.7%(26/30),respectively.In sub-group of no lymph node metastasis,the abnormal expression rates were 61.4%(27/44),65.9%(29/44),63.6%(28/44) and 70%(31/44) respectively.In sub-group of lymph node metastasis,the abnormal expression rates were 77.8%(7/9),88.9%(8/9),77.8%(7/9) and 88.9%(8/9) respectively.Abnormal expression of ?-cat and ?-cat had significantly difference between the sub-group of mucosal invasion and the submucosal invasion(P

Objective To define urban community public health service programs by classification so as to better the mechanism of compensation for community health services. Mothods A preliminary classification of community health service programs was made in accordance with public product theories, which was then further improved by means of interviews with focal groups. Results At present a total of 99 community health service programs were offered in the cities under investigation, of which 45 were public health service programs, 21 para-public health service programs, and 33 private health service programs. Conclusion On condition that basic public health service is guaranteed, the government can make corresponding adjustments in compensation for public and para-public health service programs in light of economic development.

To evaluate the incidence of sub clinical neck metastasis and its surgical treatment in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) without clear evidences for lymph nodes metastasis, a total of 205 patients with OSCC in N0 and N1 stage(UICC 1987′s classification) were included in the study.Their clinical and histopathological files were retrospectively studied and patients were followed up after operation. Histopathological positive lymph nodes were found in 10 8%(13/120) of patients,and postoperative lymph nodes metastasis occurred in 16 5%(14/85) of patients without neck dissections.There were no significant differences between N0 and N1 groups.Neck recurrence occurred in 11 9%(5/42) of patients after functional neck dissections.The rate was higher in patients with bucal lesions.Patients undergoing radical neck dissections also had neck recurrence with an incidence of 6 4%.But most of them occurred on contralateral side. It suggested that subclinical metastasis of OSCC with clinically negative neck lymph nodes could not be neglected.Functional neck dissection should include the lymph nodes of level Ⅲ,especially for cancers located on bucca mucosa and tongue.Bilateral neck dissection is necessary for large primary lesions spreading to the contralateral side.