133 teeth in 34 children aged 4 to 8 year-old were recruited for the treatment of bilateral maxillary primary canines or primary molars with deep caries,chronic pulpitis or chronic periapical periodontitis under local anesthesia.Buccal infiltration(BI)with conventional syringe(CS)was used for one quadrant,anterior middle superior alveolar anesthesia(AMSA)with computer-controlled local anesthesia de-livery system(C-CLADS)on the contralateral side.The injection duration(s)of CS and C-CLADS was 63.6 ±22.6 and 136.6 ±12.4 re-spectively(P =0.000).The pain perception of C-CLADS injection was significantly lower than that of CS(P <0.05),that during operation was not statistically different(P >0.05).55.9% children preferred C-CLADS anesthesia.

Objective To observe the effects of bulbar subconjunctival and periocular injection of dexamethasonone on blood glucose levels of type 1 diabetic mellitus (T1DM)rats.Methods 80 healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into Group Ⅰ (n-=-40) and Group Ⅱ (n =40).Group Ⅰ rats received intraperitoneal (IP) injection of streptozotocin to induce T1DM model,while Group Ⅱ rats received IP injection of citrate buffer solution and was the control group.Group Ⅰ rats and Group Ⅱ rats were further divided into four subgroups:A (n=10),a (n=10),B (n=10),and b (n=10).Subgroup-A rats received bulbar subconjunctival injection of dexamethasone,subgroup-a rats received bulbar subconjunctival injection of saline,subgroup-B rats received periocular injection of dexamethasone,subgroup-b rats received periocular injection of saline.After the injection,rats were fasted but could drink water.Tail vein blood samples were collected and the blood glucose level was measured by glucose monitor.Results After modeling,the blood glucose level of Group Ⅰ and Group Ⅱ rats was(9.31±1.79) mmol/L and (5.72±0.80) mmol/L respectively,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The blood glucose level of Group Ⅰ rats reached the peak in 3h after injection.In 6-24 h after injection,the blood glucose level of Group Ⅰ A rats was obviously increased than that of the blood glucose level of Group Ⅰa rats and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).In 3-24 hours after injection,the blood glucose level of Group Ⅰ B rats was obviously increased than that of the blood glucose level of Group Ⅰ b rats and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Comparing the blood glucose level during different injection time between Group Ⅰ A rats and Group Ⅰ B rats,between Group Ⅰ a rats and Group Ⅰ b rats,the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).In 3-24 hours after injection,the blood glucose level of Group Ⅱ A rats was obviously increased than that of the blood glucose level of Group Ⅱ a rats and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05);the blood glucose level of Group Ⅱ B rats was obviously increased than that of the blood glucose level of Group Ⅱb rats and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Comparing the blood glucose level during different injection time between Group Ⅱ A rats and Group Ⅱ B rats,between Group Ⅱ a rats and Group Ⅱ b rats,the difference was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Bulbar subconjunctival injection and periocular injection of dexamethasone could both increase the blood glucose of TIDM rats,but these two injection methods had no differences on the blood glucose level.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the UGT-isoform specific metabolic fingerprint (GSMF) of baicalein, and to determine and predict its glucuronidation behavior in liver microsomes by using isoform-specific metabolism rates and kinetics. METHODS: In vitro glucuronidation rates and profiles were measured using 12 kinds of expressed UGTs and human liver microsomes. RESULTS: GSMF experiments showed that UGT1A9 was the most active isoform for baicalein metabolism. Isoform-specific metabolism and a comparison of the kinetic parameters suggested that UGT1 A9 was likely the main isoform responsible for the liver metabolism of baicalein. Correlation study also clearly showed that UGT isoform-specific metabolism could describe the metabolism rates and profile of baicalein in human liver microsomes. CONCLUSION: Baicalein is metabolized mainly by UGT1A9.GSMF and isoform-specific metabolism profile of baicalein can determine and predict its glucuronidation rates and profile in human liver microsomes. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

Objective: To observe the effect intraperitoneal injection of low dose ketamine on thermal hyperalgesia and expression of P2X4 receptor in spinal dorsal horn of rats with chronic constriction injury (CCI) of sciatic nerve, and to explore the potential role of P2X4, receptor in the neuropathic pain. Methods: Totally 24 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=8): group S (sham group), group C: CCI + normal saline; and group K:CCI+ketamine (10mg · kg-1). Rat CCI model was used in the latter 2 groups. Three days after operation the thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) was determined to confirm the thermal hyperalgesia. Rats in group K were given low dose of ketamine (10mg · kg-1) and those in group C were given the same volume of normal saline for 7 days after operation. Animals in group S only had sciatic nerve exposed, with no ligation or drugs. TWL was determined 1 day before and 1, 3, 7 days after the operation. The expression of P2X4 receptor was assessed 7 days after the operation using immunohistochemistry. Results: The TWL values were similar between the 3 groups before operation. The value in group S was slightly decreased after operation compared with before operation. Compared with the pre-operation, group S, and group C, the TWL value of group K began to gradually increase 3 days after operation till day 7 after operation (P<0.05). On day 7 after operation, the TWL value was significantly higher than group C (P<0.05), but was still lower than that in group S (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of P2X4 receptor in group C, K were significantly higher than that of group S (P<0.01) and the expression in group K was significantly lower than that in group C (P<0.05). Conclusion: Intraperitoneal injection of ketamine can partly relieve the thermal hyperalgesia in rats with CCI of sciatic nerve, which might be related to the inhibition of P2X4 receptor expression in the spinal dorsal horn.

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a pathogenic mosquito-borne flavivirus which is responsible for outbreaks of severe viral encephalitis. The cellular entry of JEV is a prerequisite for Japanese encephalitis, so the understanding of its underlying mechanisms will provide more approaches for treating such disease. In recent years, increasing research has been conducted to investigate the mechanisms of cellular entry of JEV, and the results of research on other flavivirus have expanded the research directions for JEV. More methods will be used to suppress JEV infection because of the development of E protein antibodies and the discovery of several inhibitors of the cellular entry process. This review will summarize the recent advances in the mechanisms of JEV cellular entry and membrane fusion.
Animals ; Biomedical Research ; trends ; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese ; genetics ; physiology ; Encephalitis, Japanese ; virology ; Humans ; Virus Internalization

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Shenfu injection on hemodynamecs in patients after the success of cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR),and explore the protective effects of which on myocardial injury. METHODS: A total of 178 patients with return of spontaneous circulation in central intensive care unit were randomly assigned to receive 50 mL Shenfu injection iv gtt(group SF) or Mg-contained polarized solution(control group). Hemodynamic indexes were monitored,and serum myocardium enzymes(CK) and cardiac troponin I(CTn I) were determined simultaneously before and after treatment. RESULTS: Patients in both group presented with low blood pressure BP,low cardiac output and myocardial injury after CPR. In the treatment group compared with control group,the hemodynamic indexes were markedly improved,the cardiac pumping function,cardiac output,cardiac index,stroke volume and mean arterial pressure were all significantly increased,while serum CK,CK-MB,LDH,AST and CTn I levels were all decreased obviously after treatment.CONCLUSION: Shenfu injection can markedly improve hemodynamic indexes,enhance the myocardial contractile force,effectively decrease serum myocardium enzymes and repair the damage of myocardial cells caused by the myocardial ischemia and anoxemia after cardiac arrest in patients with return of spontaneous circulation after cardiac arrest.

0 05),But there was significant difference between the two groups after six months' treatment and it dependent on the time of the treatment.Contents of serum estradiol and progestagen of the two groups were droped dwon significantly after treatment(P

Objective To raise diagnostic rate of protruded lesion of gastrointestinal mucosa and to judge the precise differentiation to the depth of malignant lesion.Methods 12 cases of gastrointestinal diseases were examined by MPS combined with endoscopic examination.Results To the patients suffering protruded lesion of gastrointestinal mucosa with negative biopsy,the MPS provided a sound basis for diagnosis;To the cases of malignant lesion,findings of MPS with regard to the depth were in total concordance with that of surgical biopsy.Conclusion MPS is significanfly superior to conventional endoscopy with pathological biopsy in the differentation of protruded lesion of gastrointestinal mucosa.But in the case of malignant lesion,only the depth of infiltration of gastrointestinal wall can be correctly assessed by MPS.The value is limited in showing whole Picture for larger focus and in the identification of around lymphnodes and whether or no distal metastases in the near organs.

In order to investigate the effect of Polo-like kinase-1 (Plk1) depletion on cell cycle progression and cell growth in lung cancer cells, a recombinant plasmid containing antisense RNA targeting Plk1 (pcDNA3-Plk1) was transfected into A549 cells by lipofectine. RT-PCR and Western-blot were used to detect the Plk1 gene expression. Cell proliferation was evaluated by direct cell counting and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were examined by flow cytometry, and the inhibition rate (IR) by vinorebline (NVB) was determined by MTT assay. The results showed that after transfection of pcDNA3-Plk1 into A549 cells, the expression levels of Plk1 mRNA and protein were greatly decreased. In pcDNA3-Plk1 transfected groups, abnormal morphological changes of cells and growth inhibition were observed, and the BrdU labeling index was significantly lower than in the control groups (P<0.05). Cells in pcDNA3-Plk1 transfected groups were arresed in G2/M phase and apoptosis was detectable 72 h post transfection. IR induced by vinorebline in pcDNA3-Plk1 transfected groups was significantly higher than in other groups. These data suggested that antisense RNA targeting Plk1 could suppress the Plk1 expression, and therefore, significantly inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Moreover, it sensitized lung cancer cells to chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Tai Ji Quan (TJQ) training on strength and function of lower limbs in the aged.

METHODSSixty senile subjects were recruited and assigned to the TJQ group and the control group (imparting health knowledge)by random digit table. Patients in the TJQ group received 24-style TJQ training for 18 months (60 min each time, 5 times per week), while those in the control group were imparted with sarcopenia related causes, pathogeneses, prevention and control measures. The maximum isometric strength of bilateral iliopsoas, quadriceps femoris, tibialis anterior muscle, hamstrings; the time for 5 sitting-up tests and Time Up and Go Test (TUGT), one-leg standing time with closed eyes test; and the score of Berg balance scale were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSCompared with before treatment, muscle strength increased in the TJQ group with an average increased capacity (rate) as follows, bilateral iliopsoas 5.5 kg (16.9%), quadriceps femoris 5.5 kg (26.2%), and tibialis anterior muscle 8.5 kg (36.2%) (all P < 0.05). The time for TUGT and 5 sitting-up tests was shortened by 1.3 s (16.7%) and 0.9 s (14.5%) respectively in the TJQ group. The time for one-leg standing time with closed eyes test was increased by 8.4 s (left) and 9.1 s (right) respectively. The score of Berg balance scale increased by 4.3% (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, bilateral quadriceps femoris and tibialis anterior muscle strength increased significantly (P < 0.01); the time for TUGT and 5 sitting-up tests, the time for one-leg standing time with closed eyes test, scores of Berg balance scale were all improved in the TJQ group after intervention (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTJQ training could improve strength of iliopsoas, quadriceps femoris, tibialis anterior muscle in the aged, elevate their balance and locomotor activities, and possibly prevent and treat sarcopenia.