BRCA1 gene and BRCA2 gene are two anti-oncogenes which are correlative with the genesis and progress of breast cancer.especially hereditary breast cancer.Accumulative evidence shows there are BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations in some patients with breast cancer and different clinico-pathological characteristics in BRCA1-and BRCA2-related breast cancer.Therefore,the detection of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutation will be valuable for the prognosis of breast cancer.

Objective To analyze the etiology of obstetric hemorrhage.Methods The clinical data of obstetrics patients with bleeding in our hospital from January 2008 to May 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.Results The ectopic pregnancy,abortion,cesarean section were the main reasons of obstetric hemorrhage.The uterine inertia was the main cause of postpartum hemorrhage.The proportion of cesarean section induced postpartum hemorrhage had rising trend.The incidence rate of postpartum hemorrhage in natural childbirth was 3.3％,and that in the cesarean section was 9.1％,the difference was statistically significant(x2 =130.55,P ＜ 0.05).The incidence rate of postpartum hemorrhage more than 1 000ml in natural childbirth was 20.0％,and that in cesarean section was 80.0％,the difference was statistically significant (x2 =22.21,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The incidence rate of postpartum hemorrhage had a decreasing trend,but the occurrence of abortion,cesarean section,ectopic pregnancy and other common causes had upward trend,to take preventive measures against these common causes of bleeding can effectively reduce the occurrence of obstetric hemorrhage,improve maternal quality of life,reduce maternal mortality.

Objective To explore the predictive value of detection of serum Cys -C and hs -CRP in cardio-vascular adverse events of patients with primary hypertension.Methods 138 patients with hypertension were selected and their serum Cys -C and hs -CRP levels were detected.Patients were given conventional treatment and blood pressure was controlled stably.Two years later,patients were divided into stable group(96 cases)and progression group(42 cases)according to the occurrence of cardiovascular adverse events,additionally,42 people received physi-cal examination in corresponding period were selected as control group.The levels of serum Cys -C and hs -CRP were detected again.The detection results and complications were analyzed retrospectively.Results For initial detec-tion,the levels of serum Cys -C[(0.87 ±0.39)mg/L,(1.16 ±0.47)mg/L]and hs -CRP[(1.79 ±0.56)mg/L, (2.26 ±0.91)mg/L]in the stable and progression groups were higher than the control group[(0.59 ±0.32)mg/L, (0.68 ±0.37)mg/L],and those in the progression group were higher than the stable group(t =2.162,3.904, 5.237,6.441,all P <0.01).For the reexamination,the levels of serum Cys -C[(1.39 ±0.41)mg/L]and hs -CRP [(3.37 ±0.89)mg/L]in the progression group were higher than the stable group[(0.92 ±0.43)mg/L,(1.83 ± 0.62)mg/L](t =2.958,5.119,all P <0.01).The levels of serum Cys -C and hs -CRP in the stable group after 2 years were similar to those at initial detection(t =0.331,0.414,all P >0.05),but the levels in the progression group increased obviously(t =2.146,3.144,all P <0.01).Conclusion The levels of serum Cys -C and hs -CRP were closely related to disease progression and prognosis.And the detection of them can predict the progression of disease,conductive to taking intervening measures for the early stage.

To point out the outstanding issues in administration and management of reagents supplement to scientific research institutes.Combined with the actual condition of our institute,we discusses the necessary of construction of a public service management platform for research reagents.

Objective Discussion on the countermeasures of scientific research materials bidding and purchasing under the background of Internet +.Methods Expounds the development trend of Internet +- and its significance and influence on the bidding and purchasing of scientific research materials,and makes a preliminary discussion on how to do well on the bidding and purchasing of scientific research materials under the background of Internet +.Results The integration development of the Internet + and the various fields has become the trend of the times,Internet + bidding and purchasing is the development direction and inevitable choice for the scientific research materials bidding and purchasing,Should strengthen the Internet +-thinking and ideas,Improve the relevant institutional mechanisms,Speeding up the construction of electronic bidding and purchasing system,Strengthen the research and application of big data.Conclusions Should actively explore and practice,to promote the depth of integration and rapid development of Internet + scientific research materials bidding and purchasing.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and misdiagnosis of pelvic abscesses.Methods Retrospective study of 69 patients operated in our hospital was performed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and misdiagnosis of the pelvic abscesses.Results The clinical characteristics of pelvic abscesses were not specific,and the main symptoms and signs were repeated lower-abdominal pain,fever,chill and pelvic masses.The serum CA125 level elevated(greater than 35U/ml) in 78%.The ultrasonographic findings of pelvic abscesses were not specific.The accurate rate of ultrasonographic diagnosis was 30%.The accurate rate of preoperative diagnosis was 42%.Conclusion The misdiagnosis of pelvic abscesses was high.The clinical parameters combined with serum CA125 and US investigation can improve the accurate diagnosis rate.

ObjectiveTo determine the effect of measles and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine(MR)supplementary immunization activities(SIA)of enterprise employees in Jinshan District,Shanghai from 2019 to 2021.Methods A total of 437 enterprise employees immunized with MR were collected for the serum samples of 2 ml before and one month after immunization in Jinshan District from 2019 to 2021. The IgG level against measles was determined by ELISA,and the geometric mean concentration(GMC)was calculated. The antibody against measles was judged as positive when the GMC of IgG antibody was more than 200 mIU/mL,while the protective antibody was positive when the GMC was more than800 mIU/mL;After MR vaccination,the immunity was judged to be effective when measles IgG antibody changed from negative to positive or IgG level against measles increased more than 4 times.ResultsThe antibody positive rate,positive rate of protective antibody and IgG antibody GMC of measles before MR vaccination were 90. 85%,38. 44% and795. 29 mIU/mL,while 99. 31%,76. 20% and 1 481. 51 mIU/mL after vaccination,respectively. The positive rate of protective antibody(χ2=119.022,P <0.001)。结论 在低麻疹抗体水平人群中开展MR SIA效果良好，建议在企业低麻疹抗体水平人员中进行含麻疹成分疫苗的SIA。 ObjectiveTo determine the effect of measles and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine(MR)supplementary immunization activities(SIA)of enterprise employees in Jinshan District,Shanghai from 2019 to 2021.Methods A total of 437 enterprise employees immunized with MR were collected for the serum samples of 2 ml before and one month after immunization in Jinshan District from 2019 to 2021. The IgG level against measles was determined by ELISA,and the geometric mean concentration(GMC)was calculated. The antibody against measles was judged as positive when the GMC of IgG antibody was more than 200 mIU/mL,while the protective antibody was positive when the GMC was more than800 mIU/mL;After MR vaccination,the immunity was judged to be effective when measles IgG antibody changed from negative to positive or IgG level against measles increased more than 4 times.ResultsThe antibody positive rate,positive rate of protective antibody and IgG antibody GMC of measles before MR vaccination were 90. 85%,38. 44% and795. 29 mIU/mL,while 99. 31%,76. 20% and 1 481. 51 mIU/mL after vaccination,respectively. The positive rate of protective antibody(χ2= 21. 290,P < 0. 001)and the GMC of IgG antibody after immunization were significantly higher than those before immunization(t = 19. 548,P < 0. 001). The vaccination success rate was 26. 54%,which decreased with the increase of antibody level before vaccination(χ2= 21. 290,P < 0. 001)and the GMC of IgG antibody after immunization were significantly higher than those before immunization(t = 19. 548,P < 0. 001). The vaccination success rate was 26. 54%,which decreased with the increase of antibody level before vaccination(χ2= 119. 022,P < 0. 001).ConclusionThe effect of MR SIA in the population with low measles antibody level was good,which suggested that SIA of measles-containing vaccine should be carried out in enterprise employees with low level of measles antibody.

AIM:The complications following liver transplantation consist of the liver damage and the function failure of other organs,among which lung is the most prone and the earliest affected lesion.By establishing an autologous orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT) model in rats,this study was to investigate the acute lung injury after liver transplantation and the role of alkaline phosphatase(AP) in protection of the injury.METHODS:①The experiments were performed in the Test Animal Center and Digestion Laboratory,Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University from May to October in 2007.All the proposals were in accordance with the ethical standard of animals.② Twenty-four SD rats were randomly divided into three groups:sham-operation control group,autologous OLT group and AP group,each containing 8 animals.Autologous OLT models were induced in OLT group and AP group,while control group,the abdomen was only opened and then closed besides the liver lobes were isolated.Lingual vein injection of AP was given in AP group 5 minutes before the blood supply of the liver restored.③The concentration of myeloperoxidase(MPO),malondialdehyde(MDA) and surfactant protein A(SP-A) in lung tissue were respectively examined in each group,lung dry-to-wet weight ratio was also measured.Furthermore,hepatic and lung pathological sections were observed.RESULTS:All the 24 rats were involved in the result analysis.①Compared to control group,the concentration of MPO and MDA in lung tissue were significantly increased in OLT group and AP group(P

Objective To investigate the pharmacodynamics of cis-atracurium after a single bolus injection in adults and children undergoing live donor liver transplantation during preanhepatic,anhepatic and neohepatic phase.Methods Twenty-six ASA Ⅲ or Ⅳ patients aged 7 months-64 yr,werghing 6-80 kg of beth sexes undergoing live donor liver transplantation were assigned to one of 2 groups:group A adults (n=16) and group B children(n=10).Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.05 mg/kg and fentanyl 3-5 μg/kg in both groups and propofol TCI (Cp 3μg/ml) in adults.As soon as the patients lost consciousness,tracheal intubation was facilitated with 2×ES95 of cis-atracurium (0.1 mg/kg).The intubation condition wag recorded.The response of the adductor pollicis to TOF stimulation of the ulnar nerve was recorded (TOF-Guard).An increment of cis-atracurium 0.03 mg/kg was given when T1 returned to 25% of baseline value or the four twitches appeared.Cis-atracurium administration and sevoflurane inhalation were stopped before the three phases and resumed when T1 reached 75% of baseline value.The onset time,mterval between the 2 cis-atracurium administrations,duration of clinical action and recovery of neuromuscular block were recorded.The intubation condition was evaluated.Results The onset time was significantly shorter in adults than in children.There was no significant difference in intubation condition between the 2 groups.The interval between the 2 cis-atracurium administrations and duration of clinical action were similar during the 3 phases in adults and significantly shorter during neohepatic phase than during anhepatic phase in children.The recovery was faster in children than in adults.Conclusion Cis-atracurium 2×ED95 (0.1 mg/kg)can be used for both adults and children undergoing live donor liver transplantation.The onset time is longer and recovery is faster in children than in adults.Cis-atracurium is suitable for patients of different ages and liver function.

Objective To evaluate the underlying causes of death of the in - patients with type 2 diabetes in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Methods A cohort of 247 known dead in - patients with type 2 diabetes(132 men and 115 women) was identified from 1991 ～ 2003 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Underlying causes of death were obtained from death certificates and were coded according to the International Classifecation of Diseases (ninth revision). Results In our study, carduvascular disease was the most com-mon underlying cause of death and 110 death cases were attributable to it, and 64 to neoplasms,36 to respiratory disease, 14 to digestive disease, 10 to diabetes - related diseases, 1 to traffic accident cause, 13 to other natural causes. Conclusion This study confirms the im-portance of carduvascular disease as the major cause of death in people with type 2 diabetes. The evidence of an early effect on mortality suggests that prevention , early diagnosis, and treatment should be improved.