Objective To assess the efficacy of pulmonary surfactant on acute lung injury.Methods The randomized controlled study involving pulmonary surfactant on acute lung injury were identified from Cochrane Library,PubMed,China Academic Journals Full-text database,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and Chinese Journal Full-text database.According to inclusion and exclusion criteria,the quality of papers were evaluated and then extract the valid data for meta-analysis.Results The current study included 5 English papers,including 1219 cases of patients.Meta analysis showed that:(1) There was no significant difference between experimental group and control group in term of mechanical ventilation(WMD =-1.08,95％ CI(-3.00,0.85),P =0.27).(2) Two studies conducted the ICU time comparison and there was no difference in experimental group and control group(WMD =-0.61,95％CI(-4.63-3.41),P =0.77).(3) Three studies were conducted the survival rates and no difference had found regarding of survival rates between experimental and control group (RR =1.41,95 ％ CI(0.94-2.11),P =0.10).Conclusion The existing clinical evidences showed the addition of pulmonary surfactant have no significant effect regarding of mechanical ventilation time,ICU length of stay and survival rate in patients with acute lung injury compared with conventional therapy However,due to the quality and the limitations of the studies and selection bias and measurement bias,it was needed more high-quality,large-scale randomized controlled clinical studies to validate.

Objective: To observe the effects on morphology of middle turbinate and olfaction in trasnasal endoscopic sinus surgery and conventional technique in surgery in chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps (stage Ⅰ，Ⅱ)。 Methods: Two groups patients (85 cases, 163 sites) from September 1979 to September 1999 were examined by coronal CT scans of sinus, nasal endoscopy and olfctory test preoperative and postoperative. Of these patients, 52 cases (101 sites) were operated by transnasal endoscopic sinus surgery, 33 cases (62 sites) were operated by conventional technique in surgery respectively. Management of middle turbinate was divided into reserving and resecting two way. Results: In group of endoscopic sinus surgeries (52 cases, 101 sites), the rates of cure, improved and ineffective were 64.4% (65/101), 29.7%(30/101), 5.9%(6/101) respectively by following 6 months; and returning to normal rates of middle turbinate were 63.1% (41/65), 30.0% (9/30), 0.0% (0/6) respectively; and the returning to normal rates of olfaction were 66.2% (43/65), 36.7% (11/30),0.0%(0/6) respectively; the returning to normal of middle turbinate were 47.4%( 9/19),3.3%(1/13),0.0%(0/13) respectively; the returning to mormal rates of olfaction were 63.2%(12/19),23.3%(7/30),0.0%(0/13) respectively.Conclusion: Endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps can solve ostiomeatal complex anomalism more effectively and raise the cure rates of sinusitis (stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ) than conventional technique in surgery. The morphology middle turbinate and olfaction returned to normal affected directly sinusitis curative rate.

Objective To observe the dynamic changes of interferon gamma(IFN-?) and transforming growth factor bata1(TGF-?_1) in animal model of hyperoxia-induced lung injury,and to explore the mechanism of fibrosis.Methods Thirty-two juvenile Wistar rats were randomly divided into room-air group and hyperoxia group,the hyperoxia group were further divided into 3 subgroups of hyperoxia-exposure for 3,7 and 14 days.The mRNA levels of IFN-? and TGF-?_1 in the lung were measured by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The expressions of IFN-? and TGF-?_1 protein were measured by immunohistochemical(stai)-ning.Results The level of IFN-? mRNA of groups under hyperxia-exposure for 3,7 and 14 days were higher than that of control group.The expression of IFN-? mRNA notably elevated and was up to its peak(P

Aged ; Aortic Valve Insufficiency ; diagnostic imaging ; Echocardiography ; Humans ; Male

Heart Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography

Acute Kidney Injury ; Humans ; Terminology as Topic

Objective To investigate the application value of virtual touch tissue quantification (VTQ) technique in staging of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods VTQ examination was performed on a random sample of 96 CKD patients at different clinical stages and 45 healthy volunteers (control group). Shear wave velocity (SWV) of renal parenchyma was measured and compared. Correlation between SWV and clinical stage and glomeru-lar filtration rate (GFR) of CKD patients was analyzed. Results The SWV value of renal parenchyma decreased gradually, along with the progression of CKD disease and impairment of renal function. There was no significant difference(P>0.05)between the control group and the CKD1 group ( P=0.061), the CKD2 group and the CKD3 group (P = 0.238), and the CKD4 group and the CKD5 group (P = 0.624). The difference of SWV between the remaining groups was statistically significant(P < 0.05). SWV of renal parenchyma was negatively correlated with CKD stage (r =-0.65, P < 0.001), which means the higher the stage of CKD was associated with the lower the SWV. SWV was positively correlated with GFR (r = 0.73, P < 0.001), which means the lower the GFR was related to the lower the SWV. Conclusion VTQ technique can noninvasively reflect the changes of renal parenchyma elas-ticity and evaluate the impairment of renal function in CKD patients. It can provide a new quantitative evaluation index for the clinical staging of CKD.

Objective The effect of lead exposure on children is consistently associated with intellectual and other neurologic deficits.However the exact mechanism by which Pb~(2+) exerts toxic effects on developmental central nervous system remains unknown.Our group has found by gene-chip test that the expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5) mRNA was changed by lead exposure.The present study aimed to examine the effects of different level of lead exposure on the expression of mCluR5 in gestation and lactation.Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to lead acetate during gestation and lactation.Three concentrations of 0.05%,0.2%,and 0.5% lead acetate were applied and considered as low,middle and high exposure group respectively.The Pb levels of blood and hippocampus of pups were analyzed at weaning to evaluate the actual lead content at the end of the exposure.The impact of lead exposure on the expression of mGluR5 mRNA and protein in hippocampal tissue of pups was investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot.The potential role of the expression of mGluR5 mRNA and protein in lead neurotoxicity were discussed.Results The levels of lead in blood and hippocampus from lead-exposed rats were significantly higher than those in the controls and positively related to the degree of lead exposure.The results of real-time PCR and Western blot showed that exposure to lead acetate decreased the expression of mCluR5 mRNA and protein with a dose-dependent manner.Conclusions Hippocampal mGluR5 might be involved in lead-induced neurotoxicity.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Qingpeng ointment for the treatment of asteatotic eczema and its effect on skin barrier function.Methods A self-controlled clinical study was performed.Totally,78 patients with asteatotic eczema symmetrically located on both lower extremities were enrolled into this study.The left and right lower extremities of these patients were treated with Qingpeng ointment (Qingpeng group) and hydrocortisone butyrate ointment (hydrocortisone butyrate group) respectively,twice a day for 4 consecutive weeks.At the end of treatment,therapeutic effect and skin barrier function were compared between the 2 groups.Results The response rate was significantly higher in the hydrocortisone butyrate group than in the Qingpeng group after 1-and 2-week treatment (week 1:58.97％ vs.39.74％,x2 =5.77,P ＜ 0.05;week 2:76.92％ vs.60.26％,x2 =5.03,P ＜ 0.05),but insignificantly different between the 2groups after 4-week treatment (80.77％ vs.87.18％,P ＞ 0.05).Compared with the hydrocortisone butyrate group,theQingpeng group showed significantly increased water content of the stratum corneum after 4-week treatment (P ＜ 0.05),and decreased transepidermal water loss after 2-and 4-week treatment (both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Qingpeng ointment is safe and effective for the treatment of asteatotic eczema with gradually increasing and stable effects,and also has a favoring effect on the restoration of skin barrier function.

Objective:To characterize the volatile compounds in 10 batches of disposable infusion sets and 6 batches of nasal can-nulas by GC-MS and determine the main odor-active compounds. Methods:The volatile components were extracted using a headspace sampler. An HP-5MS capillary column (30 m × 0. 25 mm,0. 25 μm) was adopted, and the qualitative analysis was performed by total ion chromatography ( TIC) of full scan with temperature programmer. Results:A total of 19 major volatile compounds were identified, which were hydrocarbon, alcohol and carbonyl compounds (such as aldehyde and ester). Based on the combination of odor test and GC-MS, the concentration of alcohol compounds (2-ethyl hexanol, 2-EH) had the most notable effect on the odor of samples. Conclu-sion:The samples with unacceptable order contain 2-EH with relatively high content, which should be paid more attention.