To establish a new method for identifying genus of Lilium by DNA barcoding technology, ITS, ITS2, psbA-trnH, matK and rbcL sequences were analyzed in term of variation of inter- and intra-species, barcoding gap, neighbor-joining tree to distinguish genus of Lilium based on 978 sequences from experimental and GenBank database, and identification efficiency was evaluated by Nearest distance and BLAST1 methods. The results showed that DNA barcoding could identify different species in genus of Lilium. ITS sequence performed higher identification efficiency, and had significant difference between intra- and inter-species. And NJ tree could also divide species into different clades. Results indicate that DNA barcoding can identify genus of Lilium accurately. ITS sequence can be the optimal barcode to identify species of Lilium.
DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Lilium ; classification

Objective:To investigate the combining therapy which not only have cured effect but also can uphold and improve the NPC patient′s immunity function after radiotherrapy and chemotherapy.Method:90 cases randomly divided into 3 groups ①Local group (local injected with IL-2 +radiotherapy+chemotherapy);②General group(ivdrip with IL-2+radiotherapy+chemotherapy);③convention group(radiotherapy+chemotherapy).Checked and observed the immunity function around the immunotherapy and after the radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Result:Cellular immunity of 3 groups are lower and humoral immunity are hypetuntion than normal person.After treated with IL-2 the cellular immunity improves but there′s no great change of the humoral immunity. The immune status of the immune groups have not obvious change than before radiotherapy,at the same time,the cellular immunity of the convention group cut down and the humoral immunity doesn′t change obviously.Conclusion:①It has some effect to uphold and improve the NPC patient′s immunity function to treat with small dosage of IL-2 before radiotherapy and chemotherapy,general treatment is better than local injection;②The three therapies have not great influence on the patient′s humoral immunity.

BACKGROUND: Ephedra, a Chinese medicine, is often used to treat obesity with relatively satisfying results recently. However, the effects of Ephedra on the perimenopausal and postmenopausal obese women remain unclear.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of oral Ephedra decoction on body mass and the levels of blood lipids, blood glucose and hormone in ovarietomized obese rats.DESIGN: A completely randomized and controlled experiment.SETTING: Institute of Physiology and Psychology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in the Key Laboratory of Pre-clinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province and the Laboratory of Institute of Physiology and Psychology, School of Basic Medical Sciences,Lanzhou University from February 2006 to June 2006. Forty-four healthy female SD rats were randomly divided into four groups with 11 rats in each group, namely sham-operated group, ovariectomized group, estrogen replacement therapy group and Ephedra group.METHODS: ① After having been narcotized by cloraminone (110 mg/kg),rats were underwent a bilateral ovariectomy except those in the sham-operated group, which were also operated, but their ovaries were not cut off. ②Rats in the sham-operated group and ovariectomized group were subcutaneously injected with sesame oil (0.2 mL/each rat) every day postoperatively till the end of the experiment. ③ The rats in the estrogen replacement therapy group were given estradiol (1 mg/kg) by subcutaneous injection every day postoperatively till the end of the experiment. ④ The rats in the Ephedra group freely drank 1% water extracts from Ephedra postoperatively, later the concentration of Ephedra gradually increased to 8% on the sixth day, which lasted until the end of the experiment. ⑤ The food intake was monitored daily, and body mass was measured every ten days. ⑥ At the end of the experiment, all the rats were fasted for 12 hours and collected blood samples for the measurement of serum indexes. The body mass and body length were measured to calculate the Lee's index [(g)×103/body length (cm)] at the same time.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Body mass and Lee's index at different time points in each group. ② Food intake at different time points in each group. ③ Levels of blood lipids and blood glucose in each group. ④Levels of estrogen, progesterone and insulin in each group.RESULTS: Forty-four rats all entered the analysis of results. ① Result of body mass and Lee's index at different time points: The body masses on the 20th, 30th, 40th and 50th days in the ovariectomized group were (256.4±14.3),(271.3±16.1), (276.4±12.7), (285.7±24.2) g, which were significantly higher than those in the sham-operated group [(226.5±11.5), (241.8±12.6),(243.1±13.5), (251.1±22.4) g, P ＜ 0.05-0.01], and the Lee's index in the ovariectomized group was greater than that in the sham-operated group(317.2±13.5, 280.4±11.2, P ＜ 0.01). The body masses on the 40th and 50th days in the estrogen replacement therapy group were (243.7±14.8) and(246.2±11.9) g, which were significantly lower than those in the ovariectomized group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01), and the Lee's index (289.9±13.5) was lower than that in the ovariectomized group (P ＜ 0.01). The body masses on the 40th and 50th days in the Ephedra group were (245.4 ±14.1) and(252.4±14.9) g, and the Lee's index was 294.4±11.0, which were all lower than those in the ovariectomized group (P ＜ 0.05). ② Result of Food in take at different time points: The food intakes on the 30th, 40th and 50th days in the Ephedra group were (17.8±2.4), (22.3±3.9), (26.1±3.5) g per day,which were decreased as compared with those in the ovariectomized group[(25.9±4.7), (28.5±5.3), (32.8±5.5) g per day, P ＜ 0.05]. ③ Levels of blood lipids and blood glucose: The levels of triglyceride, cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the ovariectomized group were (1.73±0.32), (1.45±0.50), (0.78±0.19) mmol/L, which were higher than those in the sham-operated group [(0.94±0.29), (1.05±0.30), (0.08±0.11) mmol/L, P ＜ 0.01]. After the estrogen replacement therapy, the levels of triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL-C and blood glucose were (1.10±0.34),(1.14±0.30), (0.17±0.05), (5.88±1.21) mmol/L, which were lower than those in the ovariectomized group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01), but the level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was higher than that in the ovariectomized group [(1.11±0.31), (0.88±0.21) mmol/L, P ＜ 0.05]. The levels of triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL-C and HDL-C in the Ephedra group were (0.97±0.16), (1.11±0.20), (0.59±0.07) and (0.45±0.061) mmol/L, which were lower than those in the ovariectomized group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01). ④ The serum levels of estrogen, progesterone and insulin in each group: The serum levels of estrogen and progesterone in the ovariectomized group were lower than those in the sham-operated group [(17.09±9.00), (28.51 ±7.99) μg/L;(58.69±12.11), (62.73±10.93) μg/L, P ＜ 0.01], the serum level of insulin was higher than that in the sham-operated group [(31.74±6.69),(23.75±6.66) mU/L, P ＜ 0.01]. The serum levels of estrogen in the estro gen replacement therapy and Ephedra group were (36.03±8.83) and (30.18±8.61) ng/L, which were higher than those in the ovariectomized group(P ＜ 0.05-0.01), the level of insulin were (21.34±4.57), (24.86±6.20) mU/L,which were lower than those in the ovariectomized group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01).The serum level of progesterone in the Ephedra group [(17.68±6.19) μg/L]was lower than that in the ovariectomized group (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Ephedra can promote loss of body mass, reduce levels of the blood lipids and insulin, and increase the serum levels of hormones in ovariectomized obese rats.

Objective To study the effect of injection ganciclovir in infants with rotavirus disease.Methods According to age (6 months to 2 years) and typical clinical symptoms in combination with etiologic evidence of rotavirus, 76 patients within 2 days after onset were selected as study subjects. These young children were randomly assigned to two groups according to the hospitalized order.Treated group received intravenous administration of ganciclovir 5～10 mg/(kg?d) once daily for 3 days while control group didn′t receive any antivirus drugs. Rotavirus testing by ELISA on stool samples was performed for every patient on admission and the third day after treatment. Stool sample was collected to a clear box every day in patients with positive results until the reaction was negative.Results The total effective rate after treatment was 88.1% and 61.8% in treated group and the controll group, respectively. There was significant difference between these two groups(?2=20.42 P

Objective To explore the techniques and strategies for the retrieval of the retractable inferior vena cava filter (IVCF).Methods Celect IVCF retrieval was not removed successfully with Gtünther Celect recovery device in 9 cases and exchange-wire-loop removal of inferior vena cava filter method were applicated.Results The longest implanted time of 9 patients was 142 days,the shortest implanted time was 37 days,and the average time was (88.67±33.85)days.Eight fil ters were successfully removed and one failed due to severe bending of inferior vena cava.Filter retrieval rate was 88.89％ (8/9).The average retrieval time was (69.89± 12.12)min (57-162 min).No perforation of the wall and contrast agent were found in all patients after the inferior vena cava angiography.Conclusion For the retrieval of the hook heavily atta ched to the IVCF,the retrieval technique of using the exchange wire into the loop method can effectively improve the retrieval rate and has a certain clinical value.

Andrographolide total ester sulfonate (ATES) injection is one of the products of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) currently used against viral infection in China.ATES injection was approved for manufacturing and marketing in January 2002.It is indicated for acute respiratory infections,tonsillitis,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,influenza,foot and mouth disease,bronchiolitis,herpangina,mumps,infectious mononucleosis and psychosis.However,its usage also carries risk.We investigated the use of ATES at the Wuhan Union Hospital from January 2014 to December 2014 and evaluated its real-word clinical application using the hospital centralized monitoring method.A total of 848 cases were enrolled in this study.In these cases,it was mainly used for postoperative anti-inflammation and treating upper respiratory infection,pneumonia and bronchitis.Among them,39.86％ were contraindicated.Irregular medication of adults and children accounted for 1.91％ and 23.38％,respectively.Improper choice of solvent accounted for 3.18％.The choice of intravenous drip versus aerosol inhalation was reasonable.A case of adverse events (AEs) was observed in the monitoring period,and the incidence of adverse drug reaction (ADR) of ATES injection was 0.12％.ATES injection in our hospital is relatively safe with a low incidence of adverse reactions.The study assesses the clinical usage and adverse reactions of ATES injection,and provides suggestions for rational use in clinical practice.

Chronic liver diseases can further develop to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Currently, there is no effective treatment except liver orthotopic transplantation at this point. The extreme shortage of liver organ source forced people to find alternative treatment strategies. Mesenchymal stem cells ( MSCs) have the abilities of immunomodulatory, hepatocyte differentiation, promotion of liver cells regeneration in situ and inhibiting the activation of hepatic stellate cells. Therefore, MSCs transplantation provides a very broad prospect for cell therapy. It is important to provide preclinical evaluation of the efficacy and safety before the application of cell therapy in clinical trials. The progress of various animal models of human liver diseasees and significance of using MSCs to treat liver diseases in preclincal studies based on these animal models were reviewed in this paper.

China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; Registries

Medical quality and safety are essential safeguards for the harmonious society in China, directly affecting people's sense of security and happiness. Continuously improving medical quality and ensuring medical safety are fundamental and essential to implementing the strategies of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, and promoting the construction of a healthy China. In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy and the people's increasing emphasis on their own health and safety, China's plastic surgery industry has achieved significant progress and yielded outstanding results. However, along with the rapid growth of the industry, medical quality issues and safety accidents have occurred frequently, attracting widespread attention from all sectors of society. This article briefly outlines the history of quality management and quality control for medical quality and safety in China's plastic surgery specialty. It explores the development of quality management from its origin to medical quality management, as well as the responsibilities and contributions of the National Plastic Surgery Quality Control Center in improving industry standards and ensuring patient safety. It aims to provide support for the standardized management of the plastic surgery industry in the future, so as to promote its healthy and sustainable development.

To compare and understand the trends in quality control data changes in public and private medical institutions specializing in plastic and aesthetic major in China over the past three years.