Abstract: Objective To screen and validate the differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in peripheral blood Methods - mononuclearcells(PBMCs)ofpatientswithsilicosis. Forty eightpatientswithoccupationalsilicosisatstageⅠ(case group)and45healthycontrols(controlgroup)wereselectedasresearchsubjectsbyrandomnumbertablemethod.PBMCswere-separatedbyFicollPaquegradientcentrifugationfromperipheralblood.Threepeoplefromeachgroupwererandomlyselected for miRNAs transcriptome sequencing. R Studio software was used to screen differentially expressed miRNAs, and FunRich software was used to predict the upstream transcription factors related to the differentially expressed miRNAs in PBMCs. The - Results differentially expressed miRNAs were verified by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. A total of 124 - - differentiallyexpressedmiRNAswerescreened,amongthem,97miRNAswereupregulatedand27miRNAswere down regulated.- The 67 targetgenes predicted by differentialmiRNAs were mainly involved in intracellularprocesses and nucleic acid binding transcriptionfactoractivities,includingcelladhesionmolecules,ratsarcoma,osteoclastdifferentiationandotherpathways.The-------------topfivemiRNAsdifferentiallyupregulatedwerehsamiR1373p,hsamiR500b3p,hsamiR190a5p,hsamiR1413pand------------hsamiR223p.ThetopfivedifferentiallydownregulatedmiRNAswerehsamiR2025p,hsamiR548ai,hsamiR55873p,------hsamiR5705pandhsamiR103983p.ThechangeofthesemiRNAswereconsistentwiththeresultspredictedaccordingto the miRNAs transcriptome sequencing. The transcription factors including specificity protein 1, early growth response 1, zinc Conclusion finger protein 161, etc., were obtained according to the differentially expressed miRNAs. The differentially