The oculocardiac reflex (OCR) occurs in up to 90% of ophthalmological surgeries,while most of the clinicians consider the performance of OCR is just bradycardia and arrhythmia and therefore ignore other system manifestation such as oculorespiratory reflex( ORR) and oculo-emetic reflex(OER),and so on.OCR appears not only in ophthalmological surgeries,and it also occurs during the endoscopic sinus surgery.A unstable bradycardia associated with stimulation of the mandibular division of cranial nerve V during trigeminal neuralgia pain treatment is also reported.This phenomenon is mostly introduced only as clinical manifestations.Therefore,it is helpful for us to understand the essential characteristic of OCR.The embryonic,anatomy,physiology and electrophysiology were reviewed in this article and thought to term it as oculovagal reflex is more comprehensive.

The establishment of cerebral collateral circulation is a secondary compensatory mechanism after cerebral ischemia.The expression of endogenous angiogenic growth factors is up regulated,angiogenesis and arteriogenesis are initiated,and the establishment of collateral circulation is accelerated after cerebral ischemia.Some drugs may promote the establishment of collateral circulation after ischemic stroke and improve the prognosis of patients.

ObjectiveTo develop the group intelligence scale for Military Personnel ( Part B),and examining its reliability and validity of the scale.MethodsFollowing the intellectual shock theory,crystal and fluid intelligence theory,the group intelligence Scale for Military Personnel (Part B) had been constructed,which including two subscales,each subscale was divided into two subtests.The data was collected in 1200 military personnel who were chosen by random cluster sampling,then employing SPSS17.0 and AMOS7.0 for item analysis,reliability and validity,analysis of confirmatory factor.Resultsthe subtests' average index of difficulty was 0.55 ( 0.42 ～0.75 ) ; Discrimination index was 0.44 (0.33 ～ 0.52) ; the test-retest reliability between subtests and total scale ranged from 0.796 to 0.891 ; Cronbachs'a coefficient ranged from 0.619 to 0.892; and the split-half reliability ranged from 0.538 to 0.844; exploratory factor analysis revealed that four factors of the scale (including normal knowledge and generalizability,insight and word explain,picture completion and figure inference) could explain 59.067％ of total variance.Furthermore,analysis of confirmatory factor indicated that the four factors model established in the present study fitted the sample data well.ConclusionThe item analysis,reliability and validity of the newly developed group intelligence scale for military personnel (part B) can meet the basic requirements of psychometrics.

Objective To determine the value of 18F-FDG PET-CT in detecting the primary origin of cancer of unknown primary (CUP).Methods A total of 48 patients (age range 41-82 years,mean age of 57±16 years, 20 females) were retrospectively selected. All patients were diagnosed as CUP and were examined by 18F-FDG PET-CT scan.The patients were divided into cervical lymph node metastasis group (28 cases) and extra-cervical lymph node metastasis group (20 cases) according to different metastasis site.Sensitivity of 18F-FDG PET-CT to detect primary tumor site was compared between these two groups.Results 18F-FDG PET-CT detected primary tumors in 32 of 48 patients (66.7 ％), the cervical lymph node metastasis tumors in 22 of 28 patients (78.6 ％), and extra-cervical lymph node metastasis tumors in 10 of 20 patients (50.0 ％).There was significant difference between cervical lymph node metastasis group and extra-cervical lymph node metastasis group (x2 =4.286,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion 18F-FDG PET-CT has a high sensitivity to detect primary origin of CUP,especially for patients with cervical lymph node metastasis.

OBJECTIVE:To summarize the method and experience of clinical pharmacist participating in pharmaceutical care for a case of refractory class Ⅳ+Ⅴ lupus nephritis (LN). METHODS:Clinical pharmacists and physicians formulated individualized treatment together,i.e. prednisone 30 mg/d+MMF 0.5 g,q12 h+FK506 1 mg,q12 h;on the fifth day of treatment,the patient suf-fered from ardent fever and increase of blood pressure,and clinical pharmacist suggested using linezolid 0.6 g,ivdrip,q12 h+merope-nem1.0 g,ivdrip,q8 h to control pulmonary infection;using Amlodipine besylate tablet 5 mg,po,qd+one Valsartan hydrochlorothia-zide capsule, po,qd+Arotinolol hydrochlorid tablet 10 mg,po,bid to control blood pressure. RESULTS:Multi-target treatment for re-fractory class Ⅳ+Ⅴ lupus nephritis achieved efficacy:the patient got higher plasma albumin and lower 24 h urine protein quantity af-ter 14 days;the patient suffered from secondary pulmonary infection and high blood pressure;physicians adopted the pharmacist’s suggestion so that pulmonary infection and blood pressure had been controlled. CONCLUSIONS:To ensure the effectiveness and safe-ty of the multi-target treatment,clinical pharmacists should formulate individualized treatment,focus on the possible ADR and provide phamaceutical care in the field of blood pressure monitoring,infection control,etc. when participating in multi-target treatment.

In view of China's medical equipment industry has not been equipped with a sound system and strict administration, it is wise to draw on FDA recommendations and seek effective ways of solving EMI problems. Further should focus on improving the performance of medical equipment so as to adapt to the different environment. In the end, the design of healthcare facilities to meet EMC standards is put forward specifically in four parts of electronic circuits, power circuits, display device, and the mechanical shell.

Maxillary sinusitis is a common condition in nose section. Traditional operations are always have more complications and easy to relapse, seriously affectting the quality of patient's life. The application of functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) makes a qualitative progress on surgical treatment of maxillary sinusitis. In re- cent years, the researchs found that there are still unsatisfactories to long-term curative effect of some patients With the development of minimally invasive, people begin doubting its "functional". Recently, some new treat- merits have emerged in the world, but their safety and effectiveness needs further research. To seek for a better treatment, this article reviews the development and the existential problems of maxillary sinusitis surgery.
Endoscopy ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinusitis ; surgery ; Nose ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Recurrence

Dipeptidyl peptidase-Ⅳ (DPP-Ⅳ/CD26,EC 3.4.14.5),a transmembrane serine polypeptidase,is widely distributed and has diverse effects.As a dipeptidase,DPP-Ⅳ/CD26 could not only regulate the activity of many peptide hormones,neuropeptides,cytokines and growth factors via its peptidase function,but also mediate cell-matrix and cell-cell contact through interactions with other molecules or proteins as a surface antigen.DPP-Ⅳ/CD26 plays a regulatory role in immune activation,inflammation and tumorigenesis.This review covers the structure,distribution,physiological functions and changes in pathological state of Dpp-Ⅳ/CD26.

Objective:To investigate the thoughts and the methods of clinical pharmacists in the individual continuous renal re-placement therapy ( CRRT) anticoagulation treatment for severe patients. Methods:Clinical pharmacists participated in the CRRT anti-coagulation treatment for one patient with severe thrombocytopenia after aortic dissection surgery. Clinical pharmacists analyzed the cau-ses of thrombocytopenia and the coagulation function of the patient to exclude heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, and developed the treatment of supplementing platelets and regional citrate anticoagulation as the way of CRRT. Results:Three days after the treatment, the patient was changed to the general ward with normal renal function. Conclusion:Clinical pharmacists should participate in clinical treatment comprehensively and perform individual treatment for patients in order to ensure the effect and safety of medication.

Objective:To study the Raman spectrum and the surface enhanced Raman spectrum ( SERS) of cefalexin, cefadroxil and cephradine, and analyze the surface enhanced Raman spectrum of the three compounds under different pH conditions. Methods:The Raman spectrum and the surface enhanced Raman spectrum of the three compounds under different pH conditions were detected and measured by a portable Raman spectroscopy. Results: The results showed that the three compounds could exhibit characteristic peak information in the surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy corresponding to that in the normal Raman spectrum, and the pH values had certain impact on the surface enhanced Raman spectrum of the three substances. Conclusion: Both the Raman spectrum and the surface enhanced Raman spectrum of cefalexin, cefadroxil and cephradine reflect certain fingerprint characteristics, and it is feasible to use Raman scattering method to identify the three cephalosporins.