Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of beehive extract for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Methods Sixty qualified subjects were evenly randomized into large dose group and small dose group, 30 in each group. The large dose group was given oral use of beehive extract 15 g per time, and the small dose group was given 5 g per time, three times per day. One week constituted a treatment period, and the treatment lasted 4 courses. After treatment, the therapeutic effect was evaluated in both groups. Follow-up was carried out one month after suspension of medicine. Results ( 1) The total effective rate was 90.00% in the large dose group, and was 93.00% in the small dose group, and the rank sum test results showed the difference was insignificant between the two groups (P>0.05) . (2) After treatment and during follow-up, the scores of general symptom Visual Analog Scale ( Uni-VAS) and the scores of Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire ( RQLQ) were decreased in both groups ( P<0.01) , and the scores of symptoms in the small dose group were increased during the follow-up ( P<0.05) . The results of intergroup comparison showed that the differences of the decrease of Uni-VAS scores, symptom scores, non-nose/eye symptom scores, practical issue scores, nasal symptom scores, eye symptom scores and emotional reaction scores were insignificant between the two groups after treatment and during the follow-up ( P>0.05) . Conclusion Oral use of large or small dose of beehive extract shows certain therapeutic effect for allergic rhinitis by obviously relieving the symptoms of patients. The effect of large dose is similar to small dose, but the long-term effect of large dose is better.

Objective　To investigate the relationship between the composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) and excess heart age (EHA), offering theoretical insights into the nutritional prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods Data for this cross-sectional analysis was derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2020, which included 16 442 participants aged 30 to 74 years without a history of CVD. The heart age was estimated using the Framingham risk score function, and EHA was subsequently calculated. The CDAI was formulated based on intake levels of vitamins A, C, E, zinc, selenium, and carotenoids to represent the overall level of antioxidants. The association between CDAI and EHA was evaluated using multivariate linear regression, multivariate logistic regression, and restricted cubic splines (RCS). Results Multiple regression analysis indicated that CDAI was negatively correlated with both EHA (β=-0.07, 95%CI: -0.14 to -0.01) and high CVD risk (defined as EHA≥10 years) (OR=0.98, 95%CI: 0.96 to 1.00), with RCS analysis suggesting that this relationship is a nonlinear and inverse L-shaped. In the female subgroup, significant negative, nonlinear associations were observed between CDAI and both EHA (β=-0.10, 95%CI: -0.12 to 0.00) and high CVD risk (OR=0.97, 95%CI: 0.94 to 0.99). Conversely, in males, these correlations did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions Our findings suggest that individuals with higher CDAI compliance had a lower risk of CVD, and this negative correlation was gender specific. This discovery offers new theoretical guidance for the nutritional prevention of CVD, underlining the necessity for more comprehensive clinical and foundational research to further explore this association.

Incarvillea younghusbandii Sprague is a traditional tonic herb. The roots are used as herbal medicine for nourishing and strengthening, as well as treating postpartum milk deficiency and weakness. In this study, the chloroplast genome of I. younghusbandii was sequenced and assembled by the high-throughput sequencing technology. The sequence characteristics, sequence repeats, codon usage bias, phylogenetic relationships and estimated divergence time of I. younghusbandii were analyzed. The 159 323 bp sequence contained a large single copy (80 197 bp), a small single copy (9 030 bp) and two inverted repeat sequences (35 048 bp). It contained 120 genes, including 77 protein coding genes, 8 ribosomal RNA genes and 35 transfer RNA genes. AAA was the most frequent codon in the chloroplast coding sequence of I. younghusbandii. A total of 42 simple sequence repeats were identified in the chloroplast genome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed I. younghusbandii was mostly like its taxonomically close relative Incarvillea compacta. The divergence between I. younghusbandii and I. compacta was dated to 4.66 million years ago. This study was significant for the scientific conservation and development of resources related to I. compacta. It also provides a basic genetic resource for the subsequent species identification of the genus Incarvillea, and the population genetic diversity study of Bignoniaceae.
Phylogeny ; Molecular Sequence Annotation ; Genome, Chloroplast ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Whole Genome Sequencing