OBJECTIVE: To summarize the progress on the biomaterials of chitin nerve conduit to repair peripheral nerve injury in recent years.DATA SOURCES: A computer-based online search of literatures related to the application of the biomaterials of nerve conduit on peripheral nerve injury was performed in Medline and Springerlink by using the key words of "nerve conduit, peripheral nerve injury" between January 2000 and August 2009 and the language was limited to English. Meanwhile, we searched China Periodicals Full-text Database and Weipu database for the related Chinese articles published between January 2000 and August 2009 with the same key words in Chinese.STUDY SELECTION: Inclusive criteria: Researches about the non-biodegradable materials, biodegradable materials and biological derivative materials that were related to the peripheral nerve injury were included. Exclusive criteria: The irrelevant and repeated articles were excluded.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Nerve tissue engineering, chitin nerve conduit, and preparation of nerve conduit.RESULTS: With the progress of medical materials, the neural tube of natural or synthetic materials used to bridge defect of the neural in nerve tissue engineering scaffold material with a guide and to promote nerve regeneration. In the biodegradable material, chitin neural tube could be degraded within a reasonable period of time, biological control compatibility, performance degradation, mechanical properties and porosity. And in the structure of the conduit, combined other biodegradable materials,surface modification, adding seed cells and nerve growth factor, and other aspects of the experimental study were investigated.Changing the spatial structure of renewable and micro-environment aimed to speed up the rate of nerve growth, and promote the resumption of the good nerve function. And material's surface had to be modified and improved for conduit to adapt nerve during the nerve regeneration.CONCLUSION: With the continued development of biotechnique and cross-correlation technique, the biomaterials of chitin nerve conduit will have a prosperous future on peripheral nerve tissue engineering.

Objective To investigate the relationship between interleukin-8 (IL-8),interleukin-6 (IL-6) and pathogenesis of lower respiratory infection(RI).Methods Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum IL-8,IL-6 levels were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 36 patients with lower RI,28 patients with unstable asthma and 12 controls. Neutrophils (PMN) and alveolar macrophages (AMs) of BALF were examined.Results The levels of serum IL-8 and IL-6 of RI before treatment were significantly higher than those of RI after treatment,of unstable asthma,and of controls (P

Objective: The clinical effects of rubbing therapy with ointment in treating patella strain were observed. Method: Forty-two cases of patella strain were treated by local rubbing with ointment and the changes of the clinical symptoms were observed. Results: After 3 courses of treatment, the total effective rate was 95.2%.Conclusion: It is indicated that rubbing therapy with ointment has good effects in the treatment of patella strain.

Objective To study the significance of the expression of β-catenin(β-cat) in Barrett esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and the relationship between its expression and clinicopathological factom.Methods By using SP immunohistochemistry technique,β-cat wag detected in the normal esophageal mucosa group (20 cases),Barrett esophagus with dysplasia group (26 cages) and EAC group (50 cases).Results The membranous expression of β-cat appeared in all of nomal esophageal mucosa.The rate of cytoplasmic and/or nuclear expression of β-cat in the Barrett esophagus with dysplasia group and the EAC group was 38.5% (10/26) and 60.0% (30/50) respectively,and compared with the normal esophageal mucosa group,the difference was signfficant (P＜0.01).The rate of cytoplasmic and/or nuclear expression of β-cat in the EAC group with lymphatic metastasis and the EAC group exceeding deep smooth muscle was 90.0% (18/20) and 72.2%(26/36) respectively,and compared with that in the nonlymphatic metastasis and the non-exceeding deep smooth muscle patients [43-3%(13/30) and 28.6% (4/14)],the difference was significant (P＜0.01).Conclusion Cytoplasmic and/or nuclear expression of β-cat might play a role in the carcinogenesis and progression of EAC and might be a predictor indicating the metastatic potential of EAC.

Abstract A suspected case of cutaneous anthrax was reported by Gongliu County Disease Control and Prevention Center, Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region on August 19, 2021. Then, an epidemiological survey was performed by a joint investigation team consisting of professionals from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, intermediate-level trainees from the Field Epidemiology Training Program of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and professionals from Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention. A total of 11 cutaneous anthrax cases were identified, including 8 suspected cases and 3 clinically diagnosed cases, and all cases were villagers in Y Village, X Township, Gongliu County, without severe case or deaths found. The onset of the first case occurred on July 27, and the onset of the last case occurred on August 16. The main clinical manifestations included ulcerative eschar on hands and exposed skin of the upper extremity. A Bacillus anthracis isolate was detected in meat samples from infected cattle. Epidemiological surveys showed that villagers did not report infected cattle to related sectors and privately slaughtered and ate meat from infected cattle without any effective protective measures, resulting in this outbreak. It is recommended to strengthen health education for people raising, selling and slaughtering livestock, and publicize zoonotic disease control knowledge, including anthrax, and establish an effective surveillance and response system for anthrax for immediate identification and treatment of epidemics.

Objective To observe the effect of astragalus polysaccharides ( APS) on glucose homeostasis regulation and focus on glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3 beta) activity and subcellular localization (nuclear translocation).Methods HepG2 human hepatoma cells were cultured in vitro and treated with high glucose of different concentrations (30, 40 mM) to induce hepatocyte endoplasmic reticulum stress model, then acquire optimum operating concentration.The HepG2 cells were treated with APS of different concentrations (50, 100, 200, 400 μg/mL) to select the most effective concentration.The HepG2 cells were divided into seven groups with different treatment: negative control group (C), positive control group (Tm), 30 mM high glucose-induced group (G30), 45 mM high glucose-induced group (G45), negative control+APS group (CA), positive control+APS group ( TA) and high glucose-induced+APS group ( GA).Effect of APS at different concentrations on proliferation activity of HepG2 cells were detected by MTT assay, transcription and shear levels of XBPlmRNA in HepG2 cells by quantitative real-time PCR, and phosphorylation levels of GSK3βin cytoplasm and nucleus by immunoblotting techniques.Results The optimum operating glucose concentration was 30 mM.The most effective APS concentration was 200μg/mL.The transcription and shear levels of XBPlmRNA in HepG2 cells of GA group were lower than those of G30 group ( P<0.05), respectively, but there were no significant differences between TA and Tm group.The phosphorylation levels of GSK3βin cytoplasm and nucleus of GA group were higher than those of G group(P<0.05), respectively, but there were no significant differences between TA and Tm group. Conclusion APS could improve hepatic steatosis, and its mechanism might be that APS inhibits the activity and nuclear localization of GSK3β, then alleviate endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Objective To investigate the impact of negative perfectionism on negative emotion(anxiety,depression) and the moderating effects of positive perfectionism.Methods A study was designed and a sample of 380 college students completed questionnaires including PANPS,SAS and SDS.Results ① Correlation analysis indicated positive perfectionism was negatively correlated with anxiety and depression (r1 =-0.25,P1 ＜0.01,r2 =-0.29,P2＜0.01),while negative perfectionism was positively correlated with anxiety and depression(r1 =0.26,P1 ＜0.01,r2 =0.22,P2＜0.01).② Moderating effects analysis indicated that positive perfectionism significantly moderated the regulating effect of negative perfectionism upon negative emotions(anxiety,depression) (β 1 =-2.64,β2 =-7.67,P＜0.01).Conclusion These findings suggest that the higher level of positive perfectionism,the greater influence of perfectionism on depression and anxiety,and positive perfectionism could buffer the negative perfectionism on anxiety and depression.

Objective To study the glutamine combined with early enteral nutrition’s effects on severe acute pancreatitis’systemic inlfammation. Methods 150 Cases with severe acute pancreatitis were divided into total parenteral nutrtion group(TPN group), early enteral nutrition group(EEN group) and Glutamine and early enteral nutrition group(G+EEN group) according to their therapeutic methods. The curative effects, APACHEⅡscore and liver and kidney function were compared after treatment. Inlfammatory cytokines of hs-CRP, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 before and after treatment were detected and compared. Results The efifciency rate in G+EEN group was signiifcantly better than that in TPN and EEN group(P<0.05), with lower APACHEⅡscore and better liver and kidney function. The level of hs-CRP, TNF-α, IL-1β, II-6 and IL-8 after treatment in G+EEN group were signiifcantly lower than that in TPN and EEN group(P<0.05), except IL-10, which was signiifcantly higher than that in TPN and EEN group (P<0.05). Conclusion Glutamine combined with early enteral nutrition could signiifcantly ameliorate severe acute pancreatitis’systemic inlfammation, its curative effects is better than early enteral nutrition and total parenteral nutrition.

Objective To validate the clinical applicability of the published standard reference interval of routine clinical chemistry(WS/T 404.1-2012,WS/T 404.1-2012) based on the results of health examination.Methods This was a retrospective study.The results of serum TP(Biuret),ALB (BCG),ALT(Rate without 5'-pyridoxal phosphate),AST (Rate without 5'-pyridoxal phosphate),ALP (Rate,AMP),GGT(Rate) from healthy examinatiou individuals (from January to July,2013) were collected to calculate the 2.5％ and 97.5％ pereentiles,excluding the significant abnormal results according to the Medical Deciding Level 2 recommended by Staland.The number of the cases after excluding were 19 708(M 12 044,F 7 664) 、19 728(M 12 069,F 7 659) 、45 569(M 26 299,F 19 270) 、45 877(M 26 739,F 19 138)、5 965(M 4 208,F 1 757)、4 726(M 3 164,F 1 562),respectively.The proportions of all the examined results (with and without the excluded results) that fell in the published standard reference interval were also calculated.Results The test of normality revealed that the frequency distributions of all verified items were skewed distributions after excluded the abnormal results.The 2.5％-97.5％ percentiles of TP,ALB,ALT(M),ALT(F),AST (M),AST (F),ALP (F20-49),ALP (F50-79),GGT (M) and GGT (F) were 64-79 g/L,40-59 g/L,9-52 U/L,7-39 U/L,13-41 U/L,12-33 U/L,42-116 U/L,36-98 U/L,44-130 U/L,11-72 U/L and 7-50 U/L respectively.More than 90％ results of TP,ALB,ALT(M),ALT(F),AST (M),AST(F),ALP(F20-49),ALP(F50-79),GGT(M) and GGT(F) (with and without the excluded results) fell in the reference intervals of national standards,GGT(M) was 80％ and 91％.Conclusions The published standard reference interval of routine clinical chemistry (WS/T 404.1-2012,WS/T 404.1-2012) are applicable to our laboratory.

Objective To explore patients' recognition and demand for enhanced-CT examination-related knowledge. Method A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the recognition and demands for the knowledge among 295 patients who receiving enhanced-CT examination for the first time. Results The awareness rate of enhanced-CT examination related knowledge was 19.0%~51.5%and the demand rate was 62.4%~87.1%. The routes by which the patients acquired the knowledge included lecturing by medical staff personnel, reading the handouts and watching video. Conclusions The level of patients'recognition about the enhanced-CT examination related knowledge is low, but their demands for it is high. Therefore, the medical personnel should improve patients'awareness of enhanced-CT examination related knowledge in various ways.