Objective: To investigate the needs for license skill training among grassroots public health personnel in Hohhot City, so as to provide the advice for improvements in training among grassroots public health personnel in Hohhot City. Methods: A total of 1 802 staff were sampled from 108 grassroots healthcare institutions in four districts, four counties and one banner of Hohhot City using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method. Participants' demographics and five dimensions of training needs, including professional knowledge, professional skills, basic public health service guidelines, epidemiological survey and development of interventions, were collected through questionnaire surveys, and factors affecting the training demands were identified using a generalized linear mixed-effect model. Results: The respondents included 789 men (43.78%) and 958 individuals at ages of 31 to 50 years (53.16%). There were 1 379 respondents (76.53%) that wished to receive training on professional knowledge, 1 312 respondents (72.81%) that wished to receive training on professional skills, 1 012 respondents (56.16%) that wished to receive training on basic public health service guidelines, 333 respondents (18.48%) that wished to receive training on epidemiological survey and 206 respondents (11.43%) that wished to receive training on development of interventions. Participants at ages of 41 to 50 years and 61 years and older, participants with a specialty in nursing, and participants that worked on construction of resident archives and health management of patients with tuberculosis had higher demands for training on professional knowledge; participants that worked on construction of resident archives, children healthcare management and health management of patients with chronic diseases had higher demands for training on professional skills; participants with a specialty in general practice, preventive medicine and public health, participants that worked on construction of resident archives, health management of pregnant and lying-in women, health management of elderly people and health management of patients with severe mental disorders, report and response of infectious diseases and emergency public health events had higher demands for training on basic public health service guidelines; participants that worked on vaccination, report and response of infectious diseases and emergency public health events and assisted management of health and family planning supervision had higher demands for training on epidemiological surveys; participants that worked on health management of patients with chronic diseases, assisted management of health and family planning supervision, and participants with experiences of clinical practices had higher demands for training on development of interventions (all P<0.05). Conclusions The grassroots public health personnel have a high demand for license skill training in Hohhot City, and age-, specialty- and job-specific training is required.

Objective:To compare the effect of age on clinical outcome of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) in the obese patients.Methods:A total of 113 patients who underwent LSG due to obesity and metabolic disorders between 2013 and 2018 at Fudan University Pudong Hospital, and completed the scheduled follow-up (1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery) were included for the retrospective analysis. The patients were divided into three groups based upon pre-operative age, including 15 to 30 year-old group ( n=58), 31 to 45 year-old group ( n=32), and 45 to 65 year-old group ( n=23). The body weight related parameters, glycemic and metabolic related parameters, lipid panel as well as arterial blood pressure were compared at pre-operative baseline, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. The quantitative data were analyzed by repeated measurement ANOVA, and the P value was corrected by Bonferroni method. And the categorical variables were analyzed by chi square test. Results:The preoperative baseline data showed that with the increase of age, the preoperative body mass index gradually decreased, which were (40.1±5.9) kg/m 2, (37.1±6.6) kg/m 2 and (35.3±7.4) kg/m 2 in 16 to 30, 31 to 45 and 46 to 65 year-old groups, respectively. Otherwise, other metabolic related parameters were comparable. At 12 months after LSG, there was no significant difference in the amount of weight loss among the groups, but the percentage of total weight loss (% TWL) and the percentage of total BMI loss (%TBMIL) decreased significantly with age increasing. The %TBMIL in 16 to 30, 31 to 45 and 46 to 65 year-old groups were 32.3±7.5%, 28.4±8.4% ( P<005 compared with 16 to 30 year-old group) and 25.7±8.2% (compared with 16 to 30 year-old group P<0.001), respectively. In the patients with preoperative HbA1c>7%, HbA1c reduction in the three groups at 12 months after operation were 3.20% (compared with 46-65 year-old group P<0.001), 2.64% (compared with 46-65 year-old group P<0.05) and 1.34%, respectively. The proportions of patients with HbA1c < 6.5% were 95.8%, 88.9% and 50.0%, respectively. LDL, triglyceride and arterial blood pressure in all groups decreased and HDL increased rapidly within 3 months after operation, but there was no significant difference among the three groups. Conclusions:The improvement of blood glucose metabolism and the remission rate of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the patients with older age were worse than those in the younger patients, and the T2DM in the younger patients tends to obtain better clinical remission after LSG; in terms of weight loss, with the increase of age, %TWL and %TBMIL also showed a decreasing trend; however, the improvement of blood lipid and blood pressure after LSG was not affected by the factor of age. This study implies that patients who meet the indications of metabolic and bariatric surgery should be suggested to receive surgical treatment early in order to achieve better clinical outcomes.

Objective To explore the correlation between polymorphism of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene and hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (HDP) in Chinese people.Methods The 21 case-control studies on the correlation between polymorphism of ACE gene (genotype DD,DI,Ⅱ) and HDP in Chinese people were analyzed by meta-analysis.The analysis was performed on Review Manager 4.2 software.According to the result of test for heterogeneity,the random effects model was used to calculate the pooled OR value and 95% CI.Results Twenty-one case-control studies were enrolled in this meta-analysis,a total of 1486 HDP cases and 1758 controls were included.The pooled OR values (95% CI) of DD,DI,Ⅱ genotypes of ACE gene polymorphism for HDP risk were 2.60 (1.84-3.67),0.98 (0.76-1.27) and 0.46 (0.32-0.65) respectively.Conclusions Genotype Ⅱ of ACE is a protective gene against HDP and genotype DD is a susceptibility gene for HDP.

Objective:Clinical characteristics and diagnosis and treatment process was reported and analyzed of a patient with brucellosis complicated with thyroid abscess, providing reference for the clinical diagnosis of brucellosis complicated with thyroid abscess.Methods:Clinical medical records of a patient with brucellosis complicated with thyroid abscess who was treated at the General Surgery Department of Yanchi County People's Hospital in Wuzhong City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in November 2021 were collected. The clinical manifestations, blood routine, brucella antibodies, thyroid function, bacterial culture, thyroid ultrasound and other examination results, as well as the diagnosis and treatment process, were comprehensively analyzed. Results:The patient was a male, 61 years old, who presented with a neck mass without typical clinical manifestations of brucellosis. Thyroid ultrasound revealed a space occupying lesion, and the preliminary diagnosis was thyroid cystadenoma. Thyroid right lobe and isthmus resection surgery was performed. During the operation, it was found that some of the thyroid glands were tightly adhered to the cervical blood vessels, so the resection surgery was changed to abscess drainage, and the drainage fluid was purulent and bloody. The bacterial culture result of thyroid purulent fluid (intraoperative puncture fluid and postoperative drainage fluid) was brucella lamblia, and the serum brucella test tube agglutination test titer was 1 ∶ 400 (+++). The patient improved and was discharged after local drainage and anti brucella treatment. Follow up for 4 months showed no abnormalities. Conclusions:Brucellosis which begins with a local infection of the thyroid gland is extremely rare, with no characteristic clinical manifestations, and is prone to misdiagnosis. Timely correction of the surgical plan during the treatment process avoids the removal of the patient's thyroid, which has a certain clinical reference value.

This study analyzed the distribution of high-risk population, the compliance and detected lesions of colorectal cancer screening from the Cancer Screening Program in urban areas of Kunming,Yunnan Province from 2014 to 2017. A total of 127 960 residents were included,of which 14 791 (11.70%) cases were diagnosed with high risk of colorectal cancer by the National Cancer Center High Risk Population Assessment System. A total of 3 484 cases completed colonoscopy clinical screening and the rate of participation was 23.55%. The screening results showed that 592 positive cases were detected, and the positive rate was 17.17%. The detection rates of polyps,adenomas,advanced adenomas,precancerous lesions and colorectal cancer were 16.27%,13.12%,7.18%,7.63% and 0.26%, with 567, 457, 250, 266 and 9 cases, respectively.

OBJECTIVETo explore the value of nutrition management in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy(LSG).

METHODSClinical data of 22 obese T2DM patients undergoing LSG from March 2013 to July 2015 in Fudan University Pudong Medical Center were collected. All the patients strictly followed the specialized instruction by nutritionists: diabetic and low calorie diet 3347.2 to 5020.8 kJ (800 to 1200 kcal) per day before the operation; low calorie liquid diet 2510.4 kJ(600 kcal) per day before operation for promoting gastric emptying; fasting diet before postoperative ventilation; clear liquid diet 1673.6 to 2510.4 kJ (400 to 600 kcal) per day after postoperative ventilation (liquid intake >2000 ml); low fat liquid diet 2928.8 to 3765.6 kJ (700 to 900 kcal) per day (protein 60 g per day at least, 2000 ml liquid) 2 weeks after the operation; semi-liquid diet 1 month after operation and gradually normal diet. All the 22 patients were followed up at 1 week, 1, 3, 6 months after operation on time. Changes of body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, body mass index(BMI), blood glucose indexes induding fasting blood glucose(FBG), 2-hour postparandial blood glucose(PBG), fasting C-peptide, 2-hour postprandial C-peptide, fasting serum inculin(FINS), 2-hour postprandial inculin(INS), HbAlc, blood pressure and blood lipid indexes were observed and analyzed before and 1 week, 1, 3, 6 months after operation.

RESULTSThe average age of 22 patients (10 men and 12 women) was 38.6 years (18 to 66 years). The duration of diabetes varied from 1 month to 15 years. Comorbidity included 12 patients of high blood pressure, 14 of fatty liver, 1 of coronary heart disease, 1 of gout, 1 of chronic thyroiditis and 1 of menstrual disorder. LSG was performed successfully in all the patients and no severe complications and transference to laparotomy occurred. As compared to pre-operation, at 6 months after operation, the average body weight decreased from (103.9±20.2) kg to (80.9±12.6) kg (t=6.294, P=0.000), waist circumference from (118.6±13.8) cm to (96.4±8.0) cm (t=6.331, P=0.000), hip circumference from (116.9±12.6) cm to (104.0±7.7) cm (t=3.854, P=0.000), BMI from (36.2±5.9) kg/mto (27.9±3.5) kg/m(t=5.630, P=0.000), showing a decreasing trend over time. There was no underweight patient after 6 months follow-up. As compared to pre-operation, at 6 months after operation, the average FBG reduced from (7.4±1.4) mmol/L to (6.0±0.9) mmol/L (t=3.172, P=0.003), 2 h PBG from (14.1±4.9) mmol/L to (7.5±2.2) mmol/L (t=7.026, P=0.000), FINS from (160.0±71.9) mIU/L to (43.8±20.8) mIU/L (t=7.259, P=0.000), 2-hour postprandial INS from (437.6±261.4) mIU/L to (140.5±104.6) mIU/L (t=5.858, P=0.000), fasting C-peptide from (1.1±0.6) μg/L to (0.7±0.3) μg/L (t=3.560, P=0.000), 2-hour postprandial C-peptide from (2.5±0.9) μg/L to (1.5±0.7) μg/L (t=3.865, P=0.000), HbAlc from (8.0±1.6)% to (5.9±0.6)% (t=5.953, P=0.000), showing a decreasing trend over time except FBG, 2h postprandial C-peptide and HbAlc(all P<0.05). FBG and 2-hour PBG of 16 patients returned to normal 3 months after the operation. Blood pressure and trigly ceride decreased obviously 6 months after operation compared to pre-operation with significant difference(P<0.05). At 6 months after operation, blood pressure of 8 comorbidity patients with high blood pressure became normal (8/12, 66.7%) and of 4 patients improved(4/12, 33.3%); B ultrasound examination revealed normal in 11 comorbidity patients with fatty liver(11/14,78.6%) and improvement in 3 patients (3/14,15.4%). Blood uric acid of the gout patient and the menstruation of the menstrual disorder patient returned to normal 3 months and 1 month after the operation respectively.

CONCLUSIONAs for obese patients with T2DM undergoing LSG, reasonable nutrition management is helpful to decrease body weight, and to obtain an ideal improvement of blood glucose and blood lipid levels.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bariatric Surgery ; Blood Glucose ; physiology ; Body Weights and Measures ; C-Peptide ; blood ; physiology ; Caloric Restriction ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Comorbidity ; Coronary Disease ; complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; therapy ; Diet Therapy ; methods ; Diet, Diabetic ; Endoscopy ; Fatty Liver ; complications ; surgery ; Female ; Food, Formulated ; Gastrectomy ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; physiology ; Gout ; complications ; surgery ; Hashimoto Disease ; complications ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; surgery ; Insulin ; blood ; physiology ; Lipids ; blood ; physiology ; Male ; Menstruation Disturbances ; complications ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; complications ; therapy ; Perioperative Care ; methods ; Thyroiditis ; complications ; Treatment Outcome ; Triglycerides ; blood ; physiology

Interleukin-27 (IL-27), a heterodimeric cytokine, plays a protective role in diabetes. Ghrelin, a gastric hormone, provides a hunger signal to the central nervous system to stimulate food intake. The relationship between IL-27 and ghrelin is still unexplored. Here we investigated that signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)-mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling mediates the suppression of ghrelin induced by IL-27. Co-localization of interleukin 27 receptor subunit alpha (WSX-1) and ghrelin was observed in mouse and human gastric mucosa. Intracerebroventricular injection of IL-27 markedly suppressed ghrelin synthesis and secretion while stimulating STAT3-mTOR signaling in both C57BL/6J mice and high-fat diet-induced-obese mice. IL-27 inhibited the production of ghrelin in mHypoE-N42 cells. Inhibition of mTOR activity induced by siRNA or rapamycin blocked the suppression of ghrelin production induced by IL-27 in mHypoE-N42 cells. siRNA also abolished the inhibitory effect of IL-27 on ghrelin. IL-27 increased the interaction between STAT3 and mTOR in mHypoE-N42 cells. In conclusion, IL-27 suppresses ghrelin production through the STAT3-mTOR dependent mechanism.