Objective: This study analyzes the development of school doctor personnel since the implementation of the national "School Health Work Regulations", from the salary of school doctors, followed by the management system of school doctors in primary and middle schools. Methods: Representative provinces in the eastern, central and western regions of China were selected and surveyed through quantitative and qualitative method. Results: The proportion of school doctors with medical background accounted for 33.64%, 31.6% school doctors had t o be established. A huge gap between income, bonus distribution and appraisal exsited between school doctors and school teachers. Wages of school doctors was much lower than that of education and social health sectors. The salary level showed regional imbalance, relatively higher in the eastern region and lower in the in the central and western regions with few exceptions. There were significant differences between medical background school doctors and non medical background school doctors in the highest educational background, income level, job nature, job placement, career development opportunity, income satisfaction, welfare and training satisfaction( χ 2=10.73,26.64,313.44,14.13,29.14,13.22,12.97,19.44, P < 0.05 ). Conclusion Government needs to pay attention to the school doctors in primary and secondary schools, integreate school health into public health management system. Relevant policies regarding school doctor management authority, school clinic and health center guideline, salary standards, as well as professional career development, are expected.