0.05), but the frequency and intensity of macroscopic esophagitis of BE were significantly milder than those of RE (P0.05) except that a higher intragastric pressure was recorded in patients with BE. Conclusion The esophageal motor dysfunction is unlikely the main factor in the genesis of BE .

The gene chips have been extensively studies and widely applied.Gene chip technology provides a powerful tool for molecular nutrition.This article reviews the rationales,classification,characteristics of gene chips,and their application in molecular nutrition.

AIM　To study the positive inotropic effect of methyl polyglycoside (Mpg) on isolated guinea pig atria and its mechanism. METHODS　The effects of Mpg on contractility, beat rate of right atria, post-rest contraction and positive staircase phenomenon were observed in isolated guinea pig left and right atria. Na+-K+-ATPase activity of rat myocardial cell membrane was measured. RESULTS　Mpg (0.01～3 mmol*L-1) produced a concentration-dependent increase in myocardial contractility of atria and decrease in beat rate of right atria. Mpg markedly enhanced the post-rest contraction and the positive staircase phenomenon induced by increasing stimulation frequency in left atria, and inhibited Na+-K+-ATPase activity of rat myocardial cell membrane. CONCLUSION　The results suggest that Mpg can strengthen myocardial contractility of atria and decrease beat rate of right atria. Its positive inotropic effect may be related to inhibiting Na+-K+-ATPase activity of myocardial cell membrane, increasing the transmembrane influx of calcium and the amount of calcium released from intracellular stores.

AIM To study the mechanism of effects about total flavones of choeropondias axillaris(TFC) to heart. METHODS The effects of TFC on contractility were investigated through acting on the guinea pig right ventricle papillary muscles. RESULTS ① TFC decreased both the contractility and contraction rate of papillary muscles. ②The quantity effect curve of CaCl 2 was shifted to right after giving TFC. ③TFC 30.4 ?mol?L -1 prolonged remarkably the functional refractory period (FRP) of guinea pig right ventricle papillary muscles, but exerted no effect on excitability. CONCLUSION TFC can inhibit the Ca 2+ influx into cell in a concentration dependent manner.

3T3-L1 adipocytes transfected with TSH receptor (TSHR) shRNA were incubated with bovine TSH.The concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in culture medium was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent asssy.Protein level of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) was quantified by Western blotting.Tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 was measured by immunoprecipitation.The results showed that 1 mIU/ml TSH significantly sitmulated TNF-α release in 3T3-L1 adipocytes [(341.85 ± 12.00 vs 522.67 ± 36.22) ng/L,P＜0.01],along with the decreases in IRS-1 protein expression and its tyrosine phosphorylation (P＜ 0.01).These effects disappeared when TSHR expression was down-regulated with RNA interference in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.In addition,WP9QY,a TNF-α antagonist,blocked TSH-decreased IRS-1 expresssion.These results suggest that TSH downregulates IRS-1 protein expression and its tyrosine phosphorylation through stimulating production of TNF-α,and thus contributes to the development of insulin resistance.

Objective To explore the relationship between periodontal disease and preeclampsia and the effects of periodontal treatment on preeclampsia.Methods China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,WANGFANG DATA,China Dissertation Full-Text Database,China Proceedings of Conference Full-Text Database,Cochrane Library,PubMed,EMbase,Elsevier,Springer,and Science Direct OnSite were extracted from inception till September 30,2014.The case-control,cohort and randomized controlled trials about the association of matemal periodontal disease and preeclampsia were searched according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.RevMan5.1 and Stata12.0 were used to test the heterogeneity of the results among the different studies and amalgamate the effect size using fixed or random effect models.Results Twenty studies (15 case-control and 5 cohort) involving 8 775 women assessed the association between periodontal disease and preeclampsia.A positive association was found (OR=2.48,95％CI:1.76-3.48,P ＜ 0.01).Meta-analysis of the case-control studies showed more than twice in the odds of preeclampsia with the presence of periodontal disease (OR=2.75,95％CI:1.93-3.92,P ＜ 0.01).Meta-analysis of cohort studies did not reveal any significant differences (OR=1.84,95％CI:0.91-3.74,P ＞ 0.05).Four randomized controlled trials with 3 712 women evaluated the effect of periodontal treatment on preeclampsia,and meta-analysis showed no relative risk reduction in preeclampsia with periodontal treatment (RR=1.04,95％CI:0.84-1.30,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Periodontal disease appears to be a possible risk factor for preeclampsia,but treatment during pregnancy does not prevent preeclampsia.High-quality prospective studies are needed to confirm the relationship between periodontal disease and preeclampsia.

Objective To evaluate the effect of red light irradiation on serum phosphorus reduction in hemodialysis.Methods Sixty maintenance hemodialysis patients were divided into treatment group and control group.During the hemodialysis,the blood in the extracorporeal circulation tube of the patents in the treatment group was irradiated with red light by a MRX-1 red light therapy system.The irradiation was continued for 60 minutes each time,and one course of the treatment contained 10 times of irradiations.Patients in the control group were subjected to hemodialysis by conventional methods.The serum phosphate levels of all patients were measured before and after the treatment.Results The symptoms of dialysis disequilibrium of the patients in the treatment group were alleviated.There was no significant difference in serum phosphate levels between the treatment group and the control group before hemodialysis,while a statistically significant difference was found after the treatment (P＜0.05).Conclusions Hemodialysis combined with red light irradiation on external blood trails can contribute to the decrease of serum phosphate levels in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Objective To investigate the expression of low molecular mass polypeptide-2 (LMP2)and protein phosphatase 1A (PPM1A) in gestational trophoblastic disease and elucidate their predictive value in malignant transformation of hydatidiform mole. Methods The expressions of LMP2 and PPM1A protein in 196 complete hydatidiform moles (in which 28 cases with malignant transformation) , 7 invasive moles, 5 choriocarcinomas and 20 normal chorionic villus were detected with the method of En Vision immunohistochemistry. Their clinicopathologic data were retrospectively analyzed. Results LMP2 and PPM1A protein expressed in cytotrophocytes, syncytiotrophoblast and extravillous trophoblast. The level of LMP2 expression in deteriorative hydatidiform mole was significantly higher than that in non-deteriorative hydatidiform mole or normal chorionic villus (6. 79 ±2. 38, 5.26 ±2.63 and 3. 10 ±1.65, all P <0. 01),while there were no difference compared with gestational trophoblastic neoplasms (6. 42 ±2. 68, P=0. 113).The level of PPM1A expression was highest in normal chorionic villus, and decreased gradually in hydatidiform mole (non-deteriorative and deteriorative) and gestational trophoblastic neoplasms (6. 30 ±2. 98, 4. 93 ± 2. 50, 4. 43 ± 2. 04 and 3. 33 ± 2. 06, all P < 0. 01); the level of PPM1A expression in deteriorative hydatidiform mole was significantly lower than that in non-deteriorative hydatidiform mole (P=0.001). The expression of LMP2 protein was correlated to theca lutein ovarian cyst, the expression of PPM1A protein was related with uterine size (P < 0. 05) . While, there was no correlation between the expressions of the two proteins (P >0. 05). Conclusions High expression of LMP2 and low expression of PPM1A might play an important role in the motility and invasiveness of trophohlast cells and malignant transformation of hydatidiform mole. Testing the expression of LMP2 and PPM1A in hydatidiform mole tissues of initial uterine evacuation might be have some reference significance in judging outcomes of hydatidiform mole.

BACKGROUND:Mesenchymal stem cells are found to have the immunoregulatory activities and a potential application prospect in the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the mechanism of transplanting mesenchymal stems cells on the treatment of multiple sclerosis.
METHODS:The mouse mesenchymal stems cells were prepared, and injected into the al ogenic and syngenic normal mice, to detect the frequency of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cells in the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes by flow cytometry, and to detect the Foxp3, transforming growth factor-β1, and interleukin-10 mRNA in the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes by reverse transcription-PCR.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells on normal mice led to a significant up-regulation of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cells, Foxp3, transforming growth factor-β1, and interleukin-10 mRNA in the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes both in the al ogenic and syngenic transplant groups. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells may be an available method in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cell, Foxp3, transforming growth factor-β1, and interleukin-10 may be involved in this process.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of IL-27 in hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC) in the early stage , and to compare it with alpha-fetoprotein ( AFP) in diagnostic performance .Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the serum level of IL-27 in the HCC group and control group .Receiver operator characteristic ( ROC) curve was used to ana-lyze two indicators and the logistic regression model predicted value ( PRE) was obtained .Results The study indicated the concentra-tion of IL-27 in HCC group [(364.19 ±177.55)pg/ml] was significantly higher than the control group [(255.49 ±94.33)pg/ml], the area under the curve (AUC) of IL-27 and AFP were (0.804) and (0.818), respectively.Logistic regression obtained the regres-sion model PRE that contains AFP and IL-27, with a predicted area under the ROC curve for HCC (0.901), while the diagnostic sen-sitivity (84.8%) and specificity (96.7%) were significantly higher than the capability of individual diagnosis of each indicator .Con-clusions In this study we obtained the model which can be used for clinical diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in future .