The compositions and contents of fatty acids in the meat and viscera in Chlamys ferreri near Yantai seacoast, Shandong Province were studied in detail. The result showed that the contents of the unsaturated fatty acids in the meat and wastes were 65. 0% and 66. 2%, respectively. Moreover, the contents of the polyunsaturated fatty acids and EPA+DHA were 55. 1% and 37. 5% in the meat, respectively. The contents in the viscera were 48. 8% and 22. 2%, respectively.

Many controversies and unanswered questions surround AIS(adolescent idiopathic scoliosis),the most difficult one is the absence of information about its aetiopathogenesis.Although bracing has been regarded as the standard of care for patients at a high risk of progression,it has never been subjected to rigorous assessment of either its efficacy or effectiveness.With respect to surgical management,although technology has greatly increased the safety with which we can correct spinal deformity and preserve spinal balance,long-term results of these changing methods of management are absent.Surgery can reduce deformity and prevent further progression;thereby decreasing the risk of future cardiopulmonary compromise,but its role in the prevention of other negative long-term effects of scoliosis is not clear.In this paper we discuss present notions about aetiopathogenesis,natural history,non-operative treatment,and surgery.

Objective To observe the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on cognitive function in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.Methods The animal model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion was established in 30 Sprague-Dawley rats by surgically induced bilateral common caroid artery stenosis,who were then divided into a control group and a treatment group.The rats in the treatment group were administered with 20 Hz rTMS 4 weeks postoperation for 7days.Another 10 rat subject to sham operation served as blank controls.The cognitive function was assessed by Morris water maze (MWM) at the time points of 2nd,3rd,4th and 5th days after ending of the 4 weeks of tretment.The morphologic changes of hippocampus neurons were observed with HE staining.The apoptosis was examined by TUNEL,the expression of Bcl-2 or Bax protein was determined using immnunohistochemistry assay.Results At all the time points the MWM escape latency in the rTMS group was shorter than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.01).The percentage of crossing the corresponding platform during the same time period in platform quadrant in the rTMS group was significant higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the control group,the treatment group demonstrated significantly decreased percentage of neuronal apoptosis (P ＜0.05),as well as increased expression of Bcl-2 protein (P ＜0.01) and reduced expression of Bax protein (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion rTMS can improve the cognitive dysfunction in rats caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion,probably through inhibiting neuronal apoptosis in hippocampus region.

Sepsis is one of the main cause of patients' death. Lung is the most vulnerable target organ during sepsis, and sepsis patients are often complicated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), of which the main mechanism is vascular leakage caused by cytoskeleton rearrangement and cell-to-cell connection changes. IQ-guanosine triphosphatease-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) has become the key component of cytoskeleton dynamics regulation in recent years. At present, the relationship between IQGAP1 and ARDS induced by sepsis is not yet clear. In this article, we will review the mechanism of the interaction between IQGAP1 and pathogenic microorganisms, changes of pulmonary micro vascular barrier function and cyto-skeleton at the molecular level.

Objective To explore the application of monitored anesthesia care (MAC) under the guidance of bispectral index in surgical treatment of chronic subdural hematoma in elderly patients.Methods Sixty patients (33 males, 27 females, aged 65-85 years, ASA physical status Ⅱ-Ⅳ) undergoing sphenotresia drainage of chronic subdural hematoma from March, 2014 to May, 2015 were randomly divided into BIS-guided monitored care anesthesia group (group M) and local anesthesia group (group C).Propofol and remifentanil were intravenously infused into patients from group M to maintain BIS index 65-75, vital signs stability and no movement.Local anesthesia was performed before skin incision for each patient.The frequency of medication, the incidence of adverse events were record.The satisfied degree of sedation and analgesia were also evaluated.Results The frequency of movement, local anesthesia drug and additional use of esmolol, were significantly less in group M than those in group C.The satisfaction degree of sedation and analgesia were significantly higher in group M than those in group C (P<0.05).There was no significant difference of respiratory depression and airway obstruction between the two groups.No nausea vomiting reflex and respiration occurred in all groups.Conclusion Bispectral index guidance can be safely applied in surgical treatment of chronic subdural hematoma in elderly patients, which can supply more sedative and analgesic satisfaction than local anesthesia.

Vildagliptin is a potent and selective inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), which can prevent the cleavage and inactivation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and thus increases the plasma level of intact GLP-1. Such action promotes the insulin secretion from β cell and suppresses inappropriately glucagon secretion from α cell in a glucose-dependent manner. Vildagliptin used as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic drugs can effectively reduce HbA1C, fasting and postprandial plasma glucose, and improve islet β cell and α cell function in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with extremely few hypoglycemia and comparable adverse effects with placebo, but no weight gain. The unique drug action, reliable clinical efficacy, and favorable safety and tolerability of vildagliptin make it a novel oral antidiabetic drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Flavones and flavonols belong to flavonoids that have anti-cancer activities. In order to explore molecular mechanism and inhibitory effects of flavones and flavonols on human esophageal carcinoma cells, the inhibition of proliferation and the induction of G2/M cell cycle arrest in KYSE-510 cells and OE33 cells treated with three flavones (luteolin, apigenin, chrysin) and three flavonols (quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin) were analyzed by MTT array and flow cytometry. Among these compounds, luteolin and quercetin were the most active flavonoid to inhibit the proliferation of KYSE-510 cells and OE33 cells, respectively. The genes related to cell cycle control were analyzed by gene chip, after KYSE-510 cells and OE33 cells were treated by luteolin and quercetin, respectively. The results were shown that the expression of p21waf1 was induced and the expression of cyclin B1 was suppressed in KYSE-510 cells, and that the expression of GADD45? and 14-3-3? were induced and the expression of cyclin B1 was suppressed in OE33 cells. These results were verified by real-time RT-PCR and Western-blot. The comparative effects of all six compounds on the regulation of these gene expressions at the mRNA and protein levels were also analyzed by real-time RT-PCR and Western-blot. The results were shown that p21waf1, GADD45?, 14-3-3? and cyclin B1 were the target genes which mediated the effects of flavones and flavonols on induction of cell cycle arrest in KYSE-510 cells and OE33 cells.

Two human esophageal cancer cell lines (KYSE-510 and OE33) were chosen as the tumor model to explore molecular mechanism of flavones and flavonols on induction of apoptosis. Effects of flavones (luteolin, apigenin, chrysin) and flavonols (quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin) on induction of apoptosis in KYSE-510 cells and OE33 cells were observed by DNA fragmentation, acridine orange staining and flow cytometry analysis. The results of real-time RT-PCR and Western-blot analysis showed that the treatment of KYSE-510 cells and OE33 cells with flavones and flavonols induced the expression of PIG3 at the mRNA and the protein levels. Western-blot analytical results further showed that induction of PIG3 caused apoptosis in both esophageal cancer cells through the mitochondrial pathway in a p53-independent manner, and p63 and p73 may be responsible for the induction of PIG3.

A new way is proposed to design control panels of precise titration in infusion.Based on the basic principles of hydrodynamics,this method implements the control of medicine flow by adjusting the tube size.With high precision and low cost,it is beneficial to practical requirements in chinical application.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of patellar anaplasty and traditional knee arthroplasty in the treatment of osteoarthri-tis. Methods According to the operation method,50 patients with osteoarthritis were divided into patellar anaplasty group and knee arthro-plasty group,25 cases each. After surgery,all patients were followed up. Results The differences of the operation time,intraoperative blood loss,HSS score before and after operation,the WOMAC scores and radiographic evaluation between two groups were not statistically significant (P>0. 05). The complication rate of patellar anaplasty group was lower than those of knee arthroplasty group significantly,and the difference between two groups was statistically significant(P<0. 05). Conclusion Patellar anaplasty and traditional knee arthroplasty can improve the patient’s knee function effectively,and all the curative effect are reliable,but the complication rate of patellar anaplasty is lower,which is worthy of further promotion and research.