Animals ; Humans ; Reproducibility of Results ; Selenium ; analysis ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic

Objective To compare the efficacies of automatic erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) analyzer using EDTA as blood anticoagulant ,traditional Westergren method and ESR analyzer using sodium citrate as blood anticoagulant in detecting ESR , in order to chose the appropriate one for clinical application .Methods A total of 40 samples were collected and divided into 3 groups .The ESR was detected by using XC‐A30 automatic ESR analyzer using EDTA as blood anticoagulant (XC ESR analyzer) , Westergren method and VISION‐C automatic ESR analyzer using sodium citrate as blood anticoagulant (VISION ESR analyzer) ,re‐spectively .Statistical analysis was used to comparing the detection results of ESR among the three methods .The repeatability test was carried out for evaluating repeatability of VISION ESR analyser .Results There was statistically significant difference in ESR detected by using Westergren ,XC ESR analyzer and VISION ESR analyzer(F=86 .497 ,P=0 .000) .There was statistically signifi‐cant difference in ESR between that detected by using XC ESR analyzer and that detected by using Westergren (t= -4 .08 ,P=0 .004) .The ESR detected by using VISION ESR analyzer was positively correlated with that detected by using Westergren (r=0 .975 ,P=0 .000) .There was no statistically significant difference in ESR between that detected by using VISION ESR analyzer and that detected by using Westergren(t=0 .65 ,P=0 .638) .The repetitive tests of analyzer shown that the within‐run coefficient of variation(CV) and between‐run CV both were less than 10% .Conclusion The ESR detected by using VISION ESR analyzer which is simple operation and with credible result has good correlation with that detected by using Westergren .The VISION ESR analyzer might be suitable for clinical application .

Objective:To develop an HPLC determination method for ferulic acid and caffeic acid in Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz fromdifferentorigins.Methods:ThecolumnwasAgilent-C18(150mm×4.6mm,5μm),themobilephasewas0.2% acetonitrile-aceto-nitrile(70 ∶30),the UV detection was performed at 320 nm,the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1, and the drift tube temperature was set at 35℃. Results:The calibration curve was linear within the range of 0. 040-0. 500μg for ferulic acid(r=0. 999 8)and 0. 060-0. 750 μg for caffeic acid(r=0.999 8). The average recovery of ferulic acid and caffeic acid was 98.10%(RSD =1.08%)and 98.66%(RSD =0. 61%)(n=6), respectively. Conclusion: The method is simple and accurate. It is suitable for the determination of ferulic acid and caffeic acid in Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.

Objective To explore the impact of season and latitude on multiple sclerosis by study the onset/relapse season and latitude distribution in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.Methods A total of 264 MS patients , with 88 males and 176 females, who were hospitalized in Beijing Tiantan Hospital from January 2002 to December 2012, were enrolled in the study and all the clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.The mean age was (33.9 ± 12.3) years old, with the disease duration of (6.3 ±4.5) years and 453 cases of relapse.The recurrence of MS was collected by four seasons, with March to May defined as spring, June to August as summer, September to November as autumn and December to February as winter.MS patients lived in Beijing (39.39° N-41.07° N) were chosen to test the correlation between the incidence/recurrence and monthly mean temperature, sunlight exposure intensity and duration.All the patients were divided into the high latitude group and the low latitude group, taken the latitude median (40.22° N) of Beijing area as the boundary.Gender composition, age of onset, disease duration and recurrence rate were compared between the two groups.Results Most of the onset/ relapse of MS were observed in winter (134 cases), while summer (97 cases) took the least.In the same latitude region (Beijing area), the onset/ relapse of MS was negatively correlated to the mean temperature and sunlight exposure intensity (r =-0.699, P =0.006;r =-0.623, P =0.015).Recurrence was higher in the high latitude group than in the low latitude group [68.7％ (123/179) vs 63.0％ (51/81), P =0.000], while no significant difference was found in gender composition, age of onset and disease duration between the two groups.Conclusion The onset/recurrence of MS has obvious seasonal characteristics.The onset/recurrence of MS is correlated with latitude, temperature and sunlight exposure intensity of the habitation of MS patients.Environmental factors are important cause of the onset/recurrence of MS, with sunshine exposure as the most key factor.

Colorectal cancer is easily metastasized to the liver.Surgical treatment is the best choice for the treatment of colorectal cancer,while the treatment strategy should be selected according to different stages of colorectal liver metastases.Liver metastases occurred at the definite diagnosis of colorectal cancer or within 6 months after radical resection of colorectal cancer are synchronous liver metastases,the timing of synchronous liver metastases resection is still under controversy.Liver metastases occurred at 6 months after radical resection are metachronous liver metastases,and for patients with metachronous liver metastases,reoperation should be applied if the indications are clear.Chemotherapy,radiofrequency ablation and interventional therapy provide chances of reoperation for patients who originally cannot received surgical treatment,while confusion exists in their clinical application.Therefore,multi-disciplinary treatment based on individualized condition evaluation is the key point in improving the prognosis of patients with colorectal liver metastases in different stages.

Objective To establish the scientific, rational and standard librarian performance appraisal index system in academic library in order to adjust their working behaviors, improve their service quality and increase the overall performance of library.Methods The current librarian performance appraisal situation was investigated according to the literature and on the field inspection.The appraisal indexes and their weight were established by Delphi and step analysis.Results The 3-scale appraisal index system was established, which include 4 No.1 indexes, 10 No. 2 indexes, and 59 No.3 indexes with their weight and score displayed.Conclusion The performance appraisal index system we established can effectively arouse the enthusiasm of librarians in scientific research innovation, manage-ment or social work.

BACKGROUND:As a lightweight metal with mechanical properties similar to natural bone, a natural ionic presence with significant functional roles in biological systems, and in vivo degradation via corrosion in the electrolytic environment of the body, magnesium (Mg)-based implants have the potential to serve as biocompatible, osteoconductive, degradable implants for load-bearing applications. On the other hand, Mg, as a critical mediator of cellular growth and activities regulation, is the second most abundant intracellular cation where it plays an important role in enzyme function and trans-membrane ion transport.
OBJECTIVE:To retrospectively summarize the application progress, physiological role and mechanism of Mg, and to review its regulation of bone metabolism.
METHODS:Papers addressing application, physiological and bone metabolism regulation of Mg published in core periodicals were reviewed. Studies in which Mg were used as an assistance materials, or articles regarding cellphysiology in which Mg were not the main research object were excluded. Literatures concerning the regulation of bone turnover by Mg were given special attention.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Mg al oys are cytocompatible materials with adjustable mechanical and corrosion properties and show their potential as biodegradable implant materials. Moreover, Mg is abundantly distributed among the body and essential for maintaining physiological function of the cells. Mg deficiency has been associated with a number of clinical disorders including osteoporosis. But it remains to be determined what specific biochemical process is activated by Mg2+to regulate cellular activity and bone turnover. Further investigations of the precise mechanism are valuable to the clinical application of Mg.

This article was aimed to discuss the mechanism of lactulose enema therapy to improve efficiency among maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients with uremic pruritus (UP) from the intervention of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and micro-inflammation state. A total of 60 cases of chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5, MHD patients with UP were randomly divided into 3 groups according to different intervention methods, which were the control group, loratadine and lactulose group. The integration of kidney disease treatment was adopted in the control group. In the loratadine group, on the basis of the control group medication, oral administration of loratadine, 10 mg/time, once a day, was combined. In the lactulose group, on the basis of the control group medication, lactulose enema, 30 mg/time, twice a day, was combined for 30 days. The pretreatment and posttreatment clinical curative effects were e-valuated among patients from 3 groups. Observation was also made on their itchy visual analogue scale (VAS) and serum PTH, high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) lev-el, respectively. The results showed that there were significant improvements on VAS, PTH and inflammation indexes (i.e., hs-CRP, TNF-α, IL-6) before and after treatment (P< 0.05 or P< 0.01). Compared to the control group, the posttreatment clinical total curative effects were significantly increased in both the loratadine group and lactulose group (P< 0.05); VAS, PTH and inflammation indexes (i.e., hs-CRP, TNF-α, IL-6) were significantly decreased (P< 0.05). There was no statistical difference of indexes mentioned above in the loratadine group and lactulose group. It was concluded that lactulose enema therapy improve PTH and micro-inflammation state among MHD patients with UP. It is one of the mechanisms to relieve skin itching.

BACKGROUND:Bone tissue engineering is the most promising way to treat bone defects at present. The key problem is to construct vascular networks which can provide oxygen and nutrients for new bone, and thereby provide a way for the body metabolism. OBJECTIVE:To review the characteristics of bone tissue engineering scaffold materials and to introduce the development of composite scaffold materials. METHODS:With the key words of“bone tissue engineering, scaffold, vascularization, composite scaffold”in Chinese and in English, respectively, a computer-based search was performed for articles published in CNKI and PubMed databases from January 2001 to January 2014. After the initial screening, the reserved articles were further detailed, summarized and concluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:According to the different sources, the bone tissue engineering scaffold materials can be divided into artificial materials, natural derivatives and composite scaffold materials. Single scaffold is difficult to be the most ideal material for repair of bone defects, while composite scaffold can make up for the defects of the single scaffold to different degrees. Therefore, in recent years, the bone tissue engineering scaffolds have developed from single to composite scaffolds and there is the trend of organic combination of artificial materials and natural derivatives. However, composite scaffolds have many problems to be solved in the clinical application. The main aspect is to control the proportion of the composite scaffold so that the degradation of materials can be matched with growth of tissues and cells. The other one is to keep the porous and high mechanical strength of the composite scaffold.

Purpose To study the morphological features, immunohistochemical phenotype, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of hep-atoblastoma in children. Methods The pathologic data of 58 child patients with hepatoblastoma were enrolled in this study, and histo-logical classification with distinct clinical associations were used. Prognostic data were also collected. Results Pure epithelial type was 33 cases, pure fetal type 18 cases, including 8 cases of low mitotic activity type, 9 cases of high mitotic activity, and 1 case of fo-cal pleomorphic type. 11 cases were embryonal type, 3 small undifferentiated type and 1 transitional liver cell tumor. All the 25 cases of mixed epithelial and mesenchymal type were without teratoid features, including fetal epithelial and mesenchymal type (6 cases), embryonal epithelial and mesenchymal type (17 cases), transitional liver cell tumor and mesenchymal type (2 cases). Follow-up data were available in 14 cases, in which 12 cases were sensitive to chemotherapy. Conclusions Pathologic type of hepatoblastoma rely mainly on the histology, which has a certain clinical prognostic significance. The stage of the tumor and the histopathologic type are two key prognostic factors in determining the survival of children with hepatoblastoma.