Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy of electroacupuncture with different waves in treating neurogenic bladder due to spinal cord injury (SCI). Method Totally 108 patients with SCI-induced neurogenic bladder were randomized into 3 groups, 36 cases in each group. Same acupoints were selected for the three groups, but continuous wave, sparse-dense wave and discontinuous wave were respectively used after needling qi arrival. The symptoms score and urodynamic indexes were observed before and after the intervention. Result The total effective rate was 80.6%in the sparse-dense wave group, better than that in the continuous wave group and discontinuous wave group. The sparse-dense wave group produced a more significant effect in reducing the urethral closure pressure, abdominal pressure, functional urethral length, and urethral control length (P<0.05); there were no significant inter-group differences in comparing the effect in increasing the urinary flow rate (P>0.05). The discontinuous wave group produced a more significant effect in increasing the bladder pressure (P<0.05,P<0.01); the effect in lowering the bladder pressure was more significant in the continuous wave and sparse-dense wave groups than in the discontinuous wave group (P<0.01). Conclusion The three types of electroacupuncture wave can produce different regulatory effects on the body. The continuous wave is the most adaptable one but plays the least effect;the sparse-dense wave is closer to bioelectricity of human body and produces the most significant effect;the discontinuous wave produces the most significant effect in activating nerves and muscles, as well as in improving bladder weakness.

Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture at the beginning and ending points of bicipital muscle on the superficial electromyography (sEMG) of the spastic limb in hemiplegia.Method Forty patients with spastic hemiplegia after cerebral stroke were divided by the random number table into a group of electroacupuncture at the beginning and ending points (group A) and a group of electroacupuncture at antagonistic muscles (group B). The former selected Ashi points at the beginning and ending points of bicipital muscle, while the latter selected points at the antagonistic muscles [Tianjing (TE10), Qinglingyuan (TE11), etc.], to receive perpendicular puncturing. The needles were retained for 30 min, and the sEMG of bicipital muscles in resting state was detected after the removal of the needles. The spastic bicipital muscle was examined by sEMG prior to the acupuncture treatment, and respectively after 2-week and 4-week acupuncture treatment, and the detected parameters included root mean square (RMS) and integrated electromyography (IEMG).ResultThe EMG and IEMG declined gradually in the two groups after the acupuncture treatment; the intra-group comparisons of the RMS and IEMG values at three time points, e.g. prior to acupuncture treatment, after 2-week acupuncture treatment and after 4-weekacupuncture treatment, showed that the values changed significantly compared to those at the previous time point (P<0.05); the between-group comparisons showed that there were no significant differences in comparing the RMS and IEMG values regardless of different time points (P>0.05). The RMS and IEMG values presented same changing tendencies after 4-week acupuncture treatment in the two groups.ConclusionAcupuncture at the beginning and ending points and at the points on antagonistic muscles both can decrease the resting-state muscle tension in hemiplegia patients; sEMG is of certain significance in evaluating the treatment of hemiplegia.

Objective To compare the clinicopathological features between two kinds of obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG). Methods Twenty-three patients with obesity-associated glomerulomegaly (OB-GM) and 22 patients with obesity-associated focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (OB-FSGS) diagnosed by renal biopsy during 1998 to 2008 in our center were enrolled in this study. A retrospective analysis of clinical and pathological data was carried out. Results (1) All the patients in these two groups were with abdominal obesity. Most of them were middle-aged male. There were no significant differences in gender, age, body mass index and waist circumference between these two groups (P>0.05). The mean course of disease in OB-FSGS group was significantly longer than that in OB-GM group[(21.7±29.7) vs (6.8±9.3) months,P<0.05]. (2) Metabolic syndrome was found in the most patients of these two groups, but there were no significant differences in the levels of serum glucose, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterul, uric acid and blood pressure between them(P>0.05). (3) The 24-hour urinary protein and Ser level in OB-FSGSgroup were significantly higher than those in OB-GM group[(2.49±1.58) vs (0.83±0.87) g/d, P<0.05; (102.09±25.07) vs (87.84±20.63) μmol/L, P<0.05]. The serum albumin level, creatinine clearance and urinary osmotic pressure in the former were significantly lower than those in the latter [(38.67±7.00) vs (44.05±3.55) g/L, P<0.01; (95.78±37.83) vs (128.72±31.20) ml/min, P<0.01; (678.72±91.76) vs (840.69±133.88) mmol/L, P<0.01]. (4) The mean glomerular diameters of both OB-FSGS group and OB-GM group were increased, whose difference was not significant [(204.3±23.1) vs (205.3±14.3) μm, P>0.05]. Conclusion There are significant differences in the mean course of disease, 24-h urinary protein excretion, serum albumin level and renal function between these two different kinds of ORG.

Glucokinase (GK) is a new target for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In order to find a structure-simplified small molecule GK activator, 19 salicylic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized based on new lead compound (1). Experimental results showed that the potency of compound 8h is superior to control RO-28-0450 in GK activation.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation between nasal obstruction score, Lund-Mackay score,congestion index and tissue remodeling degree of nasal mucosa in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS) and to study the role of diagnosing remodeling.METHODS Forty-three patients with CRS who underwent endoscopic surgery were studied.Congestion index of nasal mucosa was obtained by acoustic rhinometry.Nasal obstruction score was obtained by visual analogue scale.CT score was obtained by Lund-Mackay.The mucosa specimen of uncinate process from nasal cavity of the patients was used to evaluate the fibrosis degree.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS11.5.RESULTS Nasal obstruction and Lund-Mackay score had no correlation with fibrosis degree of mucosa(r=0.77,P=0.40),whereas congestion index of nasal mucosa had a negative correlation with fibrosis degree of mucosa(r=-0.348, P=0.022).CONCLUSION Nasal congestion index can reflect the degree of remodeling in submucosal tissue.Nasal congestion index with obstruction symptoms and CT scan can be used to guide the CRS treatment strategies.

OBJECTIVE:To determine the oil-water partition coefficients (logP) of rosiglitazone at different pH values by two kinds of methods.METHODS:A shake flask-ultraviolet spectrophotometry method was used to determine plasma concentration of rosiglitazone in water phase and organic phase at variable pH values (0.95,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.07,5.7,6.55,7.06,7.5,8.15,9.21) to calculate logP by using with n-caprylic alcohol-water as simulation system.Above logP values were compared with that calculated by Pallas software.RESULTS:The logP value was lower than 1 when pH value was lower than 4;the logP value was higher than 1 when pH value was ranged from 5 to 9.Measured logP values were in good agreement with that calculated by Pallas software.CONCLUSION:Rosiglitazone exists in the form of hydrochloride salt with good water solubility (pH

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo compare the differences of aerodynamic characteristics of pharyngeal cavity between normal subjects and OSAHS patients, and to study the nasal obstruction in the pathogenesis of the OSAHS.METHODSA total of 60 normal subjects and 60 OSAHS patients were enrolled in this study. Numerical simulation was performed to calculate the airflow dynamic indexes of three sections of pharyngeal cavity. Correlation analysis of the nasal resistance and negative pressure were studied.RESULTSThe average pharyngeal negative pressure and airflow velocity in OSAHS patients were significantly increased than that in normal subjects. The total nasal airway resistance significantly correlated with the average negative pressure of pharyngeal cavity. CONCLUSIONAirflow dynamic indexes of OSAHS patients had significant different pharyngeal aerodynamic characteristics from normal subjects. The increased average negative pressure in pharynx might contribute to the severity of pharyngeal collapse for OSAHS patients. Higher total nasal resistance might play a role in the pathophysiological mechanisms of OSAHS.

Objective To explore the Hobiletin improving cognitive function and the possible mechanism to protect the hippocampal neurons.Methods Eight of Wistar rats,SPF,12 weeks of age,male,were set to the normal group;Eight of GK male rats,SPF,12 weeks of age,only for diabetes group;Both of the two groups were given the normal feed.6 of GK male rats,12 weeks of age,to feed Hobiletin of orange peel 10 mg/kg and lavage for 8 weeks,were set to the NOB group.After 22 weeks the rats were tested by Morris water maze behavior experiment for test the ability of learning and memory;the expression of Nrf-2 was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western Blot.Results Compared with the normal group,the incubation period of diabetes group was longer (P＜0.05),and theescape latency of NOB group was shorter than that of diabetes group (P＜0.05).Compared with the normal group,the residence time in the target quadrant was shorter in the diabetes group (P＜0.05),and prolonged in the NOB group than in the diabetes model group (P＜0.05).The expression of Nrf-2 in diabetes group was significantly higher than that in diabetes group (P＜0.05).The expression of NH-2 in NOB group was significantly higher than that in diabetes group (P＜0.05).Conclusion NOB can increase the expression of Nrf-2 in hippocampus and improve the cognitive function of diabetic rats,which may be related to the enhancement of Nrf-2 activity and the activation of anti-oxidative stress pathway.

Abstract With the rapid development of information technology and the popularity of intelligent electronic devices, increasing attention has been to sexting behavior among adolescents and its negative consequences which are driven by social networking. Therefore, the paper reviews the assessment tools and current situation regarding adolescent sexting exposure, the influencing factors of sexting behavior, and the impact of sexting behavior on adolescent physical and mental health. It also proposes future research prospects based on the shortcomings of existing research, thereby providing a reference for further studies and the follow up development of intervention strategies to address sexting behavior, so as to promote sexual health and sexual development among adolescents.