MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of noncoding small-molecule RNA in eukaryotic cells and certain viruses,which plays a major role in the post-transcriptional level of target-gene regulation.Due to their nonimmunogenic nature,viral miRNA represents an elegant tool for the virus to evade the host immune system,and is likely to play a key role in the latent/Iytic switch during the viral lifecycle.Human cytomegalovirus(HCMV) is a widespread herpesvirus.HCMV-encoded miRNAs play an improtant role in lantent infection by targeting viral and cellular genes.These miRNAs have the potential to become novel biomarkers and targets of treatment.This review summarizes the recent advances of HCMV-encoded miRNA.

Objective To study the clinical significance of color Doppler ultrasound in diagnosis the carotid atherosclerotic plagues and medicine intervention. Methods Give ultrasound examination in the carotid artery to the outpatients and inpatients with hypertension, hypedipemia or diabetes, who has pathological change in the carotid artery,and 62 cases of them are atherosclerotic change using medicine intervention. Results Ultrasound may show accurately the size and positions of atheroma, which include fatty atheroma,soft atheroma,stiff atheroma and mixed atheroma. After taking the medicine,in the first period, the diameter of theatheroma shrank in a broad range, from ( 1.82 ± 0.45 )mm to ( 1.53 ± 0.42 ) mm. And the second period, it can shrink in a small range, from ( 1.53 ± 0.42 )mm to ( 1.32 ± 0.40) mm. Conclusion Ultrasound examination can be regarded as the asoreferred method in diag- nosis of the carotid atherosclerotic plague and the monitor of medicine intervention.

Objective The aim of the study was to determine the diagnostic value of color Doppler ultrasound in the assessment of the breast mass.Methods The results of ultrasonograph of the breast mass were retrospectively observed in 79 operation and pathological proven breast mass parients,in which 47 patients had proven malignant breast mass and 32 patients had proven benign malignant breast mass.Results Color Doppler ultrasound had a sensitivity of 100%for diagnosing breast mass,accuracy of 93.7%(30/32)and 91.4%(43/47)for diagnosing malignant and benign mass.Conclusion Color Doppler ultrasound has high diagnostie value in distinguishing malignant from benign mass.

Objective The aim of the study was to determine the diagnostic value of color Doppler ultrasound in the assessment of the retinal detachment. Methods The changes of ultrasonograph of the retinal detachment were retrospectively observed in 35 cases of 31 opei-ation proven retinal detachment patients. Results Color Doppler ultrasound had an accuracy of 97.1% (34/35) for diagnosing retinal detachment. In 33 cases of retinal detachment, the results of color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI) showed the color blood-flow signal in the vitreous membrane echo,extending with central retinal artery and vein. Conclusion For the color blood-flow signal in the vitreous membrane echo by CDFI ,extending with central retinal artery and vein, has a specificity of diagnostic value for retinal detachment, and the color Doppler ultrasound has a high accuracy for diagnosing retinal detachment.

Objective To analyze the clinical utility of TCM decoction pieces for reinforcing deficiency in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University (hereinafter referred to as our hospital).Methods By using Microsoft Office Excel 2013 software, use frequency, classifications of pharmacological actions and doses of the TCM decoction pieces for reinforcing deficiency from 2013 to 2015 were analyzed.Results From 2013 to 2015, some TCM decoction pieces for reinforcing deficiency showed relatively high use frequency in our hospital (>30%). In top 15 TCM decoction pieces for reinforcing deficiency, the amounts of medicine for tonifying qi were more than 40%, whose average doses exceeded the upper limit of pharmacopoeia dosage reaching 30%. The total over-use rate of TCM decoction pieces for reinforcing deficiency>50% and the not exceeded part accounted for 36.0%.Conclusion It is suggested that the use of TCM decoction pieces should be careful differentiation of symptoms, and the dose should also meet the specifications.

Objective To search for novel antifungal structures produced by marine fungus.Methods Using the Pyricularia oryzae (P.oryzaae) bioassay method to screen marine fungi led to the isolation of marine fungus 09-1-1-1.Active metabolites were isolated from the broth of the marine fungus 09-1-1-1.Results Two compounds were extracted from the mycelium and their structures were elucidated by various spectroscopic methods as 3a,12c-dihydro-8-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7H-furo\furo\xanthen-7-one(Ⅰ,sterigmatocystin) and 1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxy-2-(1-hydroxyhexyl)anthraquinone(Ⅱ,averantin).Conclusion The P.oryzae bioassay was a cheap,quick and convenient method for the screening of bioactive substances from marine fungi.Compound Ⅱ showed potent inhibitory activity to the mycelia of P.oryzae.The MIC of compound Ⅱagainst P.oryzae was 1.6 ?g?mL~(-1).

Sweepovirus is an important monopartite begomovirus that infects plants of the genus Ipomoea worldwide. Development of artiifcial infection methods for sweepovirus using agroinoculation is a highly efficient means of studying infectivity in sweet potato. Unlike other begomoviruses, it has proven difficult to infect sweet potato plants with sweepoviruses using infectious clones. A novel sweepovirus, called Sweet potato leaf curl virus-Jiangsu (SPLCV-JS), was recently identiifed in China. In addition, the infectivity of the SPLCV-JS clone has been demonstrated in Nicotiana benthamiana. Here we describe the agroinfection of the sweet potato cultivar Xushu 22 with the SPLCV-JS infectious clone using vacuum inifltration. Yellowing symptoms were observed in newly emerged leaves. Molecular analysis confirmed successful inoculation by the detection of viral DNA. A synergistic effect of SPLCV-JS and the heterologous betasatellite DNA-βof Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus isolate Y10 (TYLCCNV-Y10) on enhanced symptom severity and viral DNA accumulation was conifrmed. The development of a routine agroinoculation system in sweet potato with SPLCV-JS using vacuum inifltration should facilitate the molecular study of sweepovirus in this host and permit the evaluation of virus resistance of sweet potato plants in breeding programs.

Objective To explore the changes of the painful P300 under the state of pain induced by adjuvant induced arthritis (AIA) inrabbits. Methods The painful P300 and pain threshold in 10 rabbits were recorded before Freud's adjuvant injection, before and after morphineinjection on the 7th day and the 21st day after Freud's adjuvant injection. Results With the pain threshold lowed (P<0.01), the latencyof painful P300 was differentially shortened on the 7th day and 21st days after adjuvant injection (P<0.01). After morphine injected, painthreshold increased (P<0.01) and the latency of painful P300 was prolonged (P<0.01). On the 7th day, the amplitude of painful P300 differentiallyincreased (P<0.05), and decreased (P<0.01) after morphine injected. The amplitude of painful P300 on the 21st day was significantlylower than that of the 7th day (P<0.01). The pain threshold correlated with the latency of painful P300 (r=0.516, P<0.01). ConclusionPainful P300 is related with the condition of pain in rabbits with AIA.

Objective:To study the expression and clinical significance of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC).Method:Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expressions of RAGE protein and semiquantitative method of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to analyze the expression level of RAGE mRNA in LSCC tissues and laryngeal normal tissues of 37 cases, respectively.Result:The mRNA and protein expression of RAGE was significantly higher in LSCC than that in normal laryngeal tissues(P<0.05), correlated with differentiation(P<0.01), but not with tumor stage and location(P>0.05).Conclusion:The expression levels of RAGE were significantly higher in LSCC than these in laryngeal normal tissues, RAGE is involved in differentiation of LSCC.

Four cases of pituitary acromegalic cardiomyopathy were reported and relative literature was reviewed in this article.Four patients were all males aged 45-63 y.The patients were diagnosed as pituitary adenoma,then NYHA grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ heart failure developed.One patient had both acromegaly and coronary heart disease,and all patients had arrhythmia attacks.The growth hormone levels were not under control in 3 patients,and for the remaining patient with normalized growth hormone the end-stage heart failure also developed.The onset of pituitary acromegalic cardiomyopathy is hidden; when the disease progresses to advanced heart failure,the prognosis would be poor in most cases.So early diagnosis and timely treatment is of great importance in acromegalic cardiomyopathy.