Objective : To realize unifying gas source adapter's standards for different ventilators while the one be connected to different terminal units of central gas source.The ventilators can be used at every clinical department of hospital normally.Methods: A conversion adapter for terminal units of ventilators and central gas source was designed and developed.After experiments on airtightness,the conversion adapter was used and connected into different terminal units for unified format and universality.Results: The conversion adapter for ventilator's gas source was universally adapted to ventilators in all hospital's clinical departments.

BACKGROUND: Under specially physical environment, for example weightlessness, metabolism of bone tissue may have remarkable changes; however, osteoblast is a core of bone metabolism and bone formation, so it is very sensitive to changes of gravity environment.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of simulated weightlessness on bone marrow stromal cell count and osteogentic capacity of weight bearing bone in rats so as to reveal the mechanism of bone loss.DESIGN : Randomized pairing and controlled study.SETTING: College of Aerospace Medicine and Department of Pathology of Stomatology College, the Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: A total of 20 adult healthy male SD rats were selected in this study. At the beginning of experiment, rats based on their body mass were randomly divided into control group and suspension group with 10 in each group. Alkaline phosphatase kit was provided by Beijing Zhongsheng Bioengineering High-technological Company.METHODS: The experiment was carried out in the Department of Pathology, Collage of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from November 1999 to July 2000. Rats were randomly divided into tail suspension group and control group with 10 in each group. Rats in the tail suspension group were given tail suspension for 28 days. Their heads maintained 30° low position, and their hindlimbs freely suspended and were not given weight loading. While, rats in the control group were fed normally. At the end of experiment, bone marrow stromal cells were obtained from femur for primary and transferring cultures.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cell counting and methylthianolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay were used to draw growth curve of cells in primary and transferring cultures and to measure activity of alkaline phosphatase and forming quantity of mineralized nodules in vitro.RESULTS : ① Activity of alkaline phosphatase: Activity of alkaline phosphatase of cells in the primary and transferring cultures in the suspension group was lower than that in the control group, and there was significant difference between them (P＜0.05). ② Forming quantity of mineralized nodules: Forming quantity of mineralized nodules in the suspension group was less than that in the control group, and there was significant difference between them (P＜0.05). ③ Cell growth: Growth curve of femoral stromal cells in primary and transferring culture manifested as S. Doubling time of cells in the suspension group was similar to that in the control group. ④ Amount of bone marrow stromal cells in femur: Amount of bone marrow stromal cells in primary culture in the suspension group was decreased as 50% as that in the control group (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: Under simulated weightlessness, amount of bone marrow stromal cells decreases obviously; in addition, amount of osteoblast also decreases in weight bearing bone of hindlimbs and osteogentic capacity in vitro decreases simultaneously.

Objective To compare the effect of artianterior sacralia foramina block and sacral block on induced abortion.Mathods 263 women for induced abortion were randomly devided into three groups:the group for anteriora sacralia foramina block (n=95),the group for sacral block (n=90),the control group (n=78).Parameters before and after abortion measured include anesthesia area,skin of both legs and anus tempreture,blood pressure,pulse rate,resperatory rate,heart rate,clinical effect and VAS score.Results At 15 minutes after the anteriora sacralia foramina blocking,the anesthesia area involved distribution of medii clunium nerve,glacens nerve,puden-dus nerve,posterior femoris cutaneus nerve,ischiadicus nerve.The skin temperatures of both legs increased significantly (P＜0.01).Blood pressure,pulse rate,resperatory rate,and heart rate didn't vary markedly.The analgisia effect of anteriora sacralia foramina block was superior to sacral block.Conclusion The anteriora sacralia foramina block is simple,safe,effective,practical and can become a new approach for analgisia in induced abortion.

The peacekeeping area in Sudan belongs to the tropical rain forest climate with heavy rain water and large air humidity. The power supply by diesel engine is unsteady. The peacekeeping persons will be replaced every 8 months because of the demand of peacekeeping mission. Because of the above reasons, the dental instruments are easily damaged. According to the above three characteristics, the dental chair and accessories, dental X-ray system and steam sterilizer are effectively maintained to guarantee dental medical treatments in peacekeeping operation in Sudan.

It's important to find good ways to fix medical equipment in the train when designing and re-constructing a healthy se rvice train for modern war.This article points out some methods for references.

To observe the effects of Yiqi Huayu Recipe, a Chinese compound herbal medicine, on apoptosis of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and expression of caspase-3 in rats after lumbar nerve root compression injury.

The performance of a novel anaerobic bioreactor, spiral automatic circulation (SPAC) reactor, was investigated in lab-scale. The results showed that the average COD removal efficiency was 93.6% (91.1%-95.7%), with influent concentration increased from 8000 mg/L to 20 000 mg/L, at 30 degrees C and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 12 h. The removal efficiency remained at 96.0%-78.7% when HRT was shortened from 5.95 h to 1.57 h, as the influent concentration was kept constantly at 20 000 mg/L. The highest organic loading rate (OLR), volumetric COD removal rate and volumetric biogas production of the SPAC reactor were 306 gCOD/(L x d), 240 g/(L x d) and 131 L/(L x d), respectively. When increasing influent COD concentration (from 8000 mg/L to 20 000 mg/L), the effluent COD concentration maintained at low level (852 mg/L for average) with volumetric COD removal rate increased by 162% and volumetric biogas production increased by 119%. With reduced HRT (from 5.95 h to 1.57 h), the volumetric COD removal rate and volumetric biogas production were increased by 191% and 195%, respectively. The SPAC reactor shows good performances in adapting the continuous change of influent COD and HRT.
Anaerobiosis ; Bacteria, Anaerobic ; metabolism ; Bioreactors ; microbiology ; Computer Simulation ; Waste Disposal, Fluid ; instrumentation ; methods

Objective To analyze the risk factors of postoperative acute renal injury (AKI) for acute Stanford type A aortic dissection in 137 cases.Methods From January 2010 to December 2011,137 patients with acute Stanford type A aortic dissection were received surgical operations in our hospital.There were 106 males and 31 females with their mean age of(46.8 ± 13.1)years and mean weight of (69.9 ± 18.0) kg.The postoperative acute renal injury diagnosis was according to AKIN diagnosis standard of acute kidney injury network working group in 2005.All patients were received surgical repair with cardiopulmonary bypass,including 120 patients with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest and selective cerebral perfusion.Among them,there were 54 cases with total arch replacement and 66 with right half arch replacement.The postoperative managements were include control the patients' mean arterial blood pressure at 80 to 90 mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa),supplement the blood volume timely,and correction of hypoxia and hypoproteinemia.The patients were received renal replacement therapy if still oliguria after medical treatments,or their blood creatinine raising continually more than 500 μmol/L.Results A total of 12 patients died in hospitalization with a total in-hospital mortality of 8.74％ (12/137).76 cases had AKI in the first day after operations,including 38 cases (27.7％) with stage Ⅰ and 21 cases (15.3％) with stage Ⅱ and 17 cases (12.4％) with stage Ⅲ.There were 36 patients have acute renal failure (ARF) with morbility of 26.3％ (36/137),and 34 patients among them were received renal replacement therapy.Single factor analysis showed that preoperative creatinine,total arch replacement,cardiopulmonary bypasstime,intraoperative day transfusion of concentrated red cells are risk factors of ARF.Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis showed that total arch replacement and preoperative creatinine abnormalities are independent risk factors for postoperative AFR.Conclusion Total arch replacement and preoperative creatinine abnormalities were independent risk factors of AFR for acute type A dissection after operation.

Objective To analysis the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)and human T lymphotropic virus(HTLV)infection status in Beijing among voluntary blood donors.Methods Randomly selected 2 010 blood samples from five districts and counties of Beijing City to screen HCMV-IgG,HCMV-IgM and HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱ antibody by ELISA method.The positive samples were reexamined two times,two test results of samples were positive that were determined positive by ELISA. HTLV positive samples was confirmed by nested PCR.Results The HCMV-IgM and HCMV-IgG positive rates of Beijing blood donors were 2.19% and 92.59%,screened 1 case of anti-HTLV positive by ELISA method,then confirmed to be neg-ative result by nested PCR.The statistics showed that the HCMV-IgG positive rate female blood donors was higher than male (P <0.05).The positive rates of HCMV-IgM and HCMV-IgG among18~25 years old donors was lowest (P <0.05). Positive rate of HCMV-IgG in college students was lower than other occupation blood donars (P <0.05)and education de-gree was independent of HCMV-IgG,HCMV-IgM positive rates (P >0.05).Conclusion In this investigation,2 010 cases of voluntary blood donors from five districts of Beijing were not found in cases of HTLV infection,HCMV infection was prevalent.

In order to select better seeding sludge and promote start-up of Anammox reactors, we studied the start-up performances of three Anammox-EGSB bioreactors inoculated with anaerobic methanogenic sludge (AMS) (R1), Fresh Anammox sludge (FAS) (R2) and stored Anammox sludge (SAS) (R3), respectively. Results showed that these three seeding sludges could start up Anammox-EGSB bioreactors successfully, but the start-up progresses showed different characteristics. The start-up course of R1 could be divided into three phases including autolysis phase (15 d), lag phase (54 d) and activity elevation phase (40 d). However, the start-up courses of R2 and R3 only included lag phase (2 d and 12 d, respectively) and activity elevation phase (15 d and 57 d, respectively). Besides, the performance of R3 was better than that of R1, but worse than that of R2. Furthermore, bathing the Anammox sludge in the effluent of bioreactors was a convenient and effective way to keep the activity of the Anammox sludge. The ammonia removal efficiency, percentage of denitrification and the stoichiometric ratios of NH4(+)-Nr/NO2(-)-Nr and NO3(-)-Np/NH4(+)-Nr could serve as indicators to monitor the start-up of Anammox bioreactors.
Bacteria, Anaerobic ; metabolism ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Bioreactors ; microbiology ; Nitrogen ; metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ; metabolism ; Sewage ; chemistry ; Water Pollutants, Chemical ; metabolism