0 05) Conclusion The cardiotoxicity of ropivacaine is related to the inhibition of sodium and calcium channels

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of transureteroscopic Holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy on ureteral calculi.Methods105 cases of ureteral stones were treated by transureteroscopic Holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy. The transverses of stones were 4～15 mm and the vertical lengths were 5～25 mm.ResultsSuccessful lithotripsy was achieved on one session in 98 cases (95%), with the stones completely expelled within 2～6 weeks. Complications occurred in 4 cases and stones moved up in 3 cases.ConclusionThe transureteroscopic Holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy is an effective and safe method for ureteral calculi.

Clinical teaching plays an important role in the education of medical graduate students.In the clinical teaching of the graduate students of burn and plastic surgery,we based it on clinical practice and guided the students in changing their modes of learning and thinking from examination-orientedness to problem solving,from simple vertical to clinical lateral thinking.We made sure that they all acquired innovative ideas and correct methods of clinical research by various academic activities,and cultivated their practical abilities and medical virtues by strict training and moral education.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To study the effect of thrombopoietin ( TPO) on chemical hypoxia-induced apoptosis of the Rattus norvegicus adrenal pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells.METHODS:The cultured PC12 cells were randomly divided into normal control group, cobalt chloride ( CoCl2 ) group, CoCl2 +TPO group and TPO group.The cell viability was mea-sured by MTT assay.The effect of TPO on CoCl2-induced cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI double staining.The intracellular reactive oxygen species ( ROS) were detected by fluorescence microscopy, and the chan-ges of the mitochondrial membrane potential ( MMT) were determined by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy.RE-SULTS:Chemical oxygen agent CoCl2 significantly inhibited the growth of PC12 cells (P<0.01).The apoptotic rate in CoCl2 group was obviously higher than that in control group ( P<0.05) , while the apoptotic rate in CoCl2 +TPO group was obviously lower than that in CoCl2 group (P<0.05).TPO decreased the production of ROS, and inhibited the decrease in MMP induced by CoCl2(P<0.01).CONCLUSION: TPO has a protective effect against CoCl2-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells by decreasing the production of ROS and inhibiting the decrease in MMP.

Objective To explore the whole framework concept of Matrix Clinical Quality in Team Education Model.Methods This paper analyzed the evolution process and basic situation of the volunteer team,summarized the characteristics of the framework concept of the team and the significance of this concept on the team education and member’s comprehensive quality.Results A whole framework concept of Matrix Clinical Quality in Team Education Model was put forward,the fundamental organization framework was set up and the definition of matrix.was clarified Conclusion This concept of MCQ in Team Education Model presented a new education model for medical students.

Objective To detect the relationship of pathological grade and stage of bladder cancer with common chromosomal aberrations of urine exfoliated cells by FISH. Methods A total of 99 urine samples were detected by FISH with probes of chromosomes 3,7,17 and 9p21 to collect pathological grade and stage information of bladder tumor tissues. Results (1) The aberrations of chromosome 3 and 17 had significant correlation with pathological grade and stage (P<0.05) but that of chromosome 7 had no correlation with pathological stage (P>0.05), but had correlation with grade (P < 0.05). The aberration of 9p21 had no correlations with pathological grade or stage (P > 0.05). (2)The polysomic chromosomal aberrations of chromosomes 3, 7 and 17 assessed correlated with high-grade and high-stage bladder carcinoma. The 9p21 deletion was found at a significant frequency in low-grade and low-stage lesions, when, 9p21 amplification was found at a significant frequency in high-grade and high-stage lesions. Conclusions Aberrations of the four chromosomes, especially polysomic chromosomal aberrations of the bladder cancer cases could present a possible trend toward greater chromosome increased with tumor grades and progressive stages of invasion.

Objective To identify the role of autophagy‐related genes in prediction of therapeutic effect of ET regimen neoadju‐vant chemotherapy in breast cancer .Methods Breast cancer tissues were retrospectively collected from 41 cases of breast cancer pa‐tients that treated by ET regimen neoadjuvant chemotherapy with different therapeutic effects .Expressions of Atg3 and Beclin1 ,and the autophagy‐related genes ,were detected by Western blot ,Real‐time PCR and immunohistochemistry in these tissues to observe their expressions before neoadjuvant chemotherapy .Statistical test was used to analyze the relationship between Atg3 ,Beclin1 ex‐pressions and therapeutic effects of ET regimen neoadjuvant chemotherapy .Results Western blot ,Real‐time PCR and immunohis‐tochemistry revealed that expressions of Atg3 and Beclin1 were up‐regulated in 24 breast cancer tissues before neoadjuvant chemo‐therapy ,including 23 cases of complete response(CR) or partial response (PR) (95 .8% ) and 1 case of progressive disease (PD) . Atg3 and Beclin1 were not expressed or lowly expressed in the other 17 cases ,including 3 cases of CR or PR (17 .6% ) and 14 cases of no change and PD .The effective rate of ET regimen neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients with over expression of Atg3 and Beclin1 was significantly higher than those with low expression or without expression of Atg3 and Beclin1 (P<0 .05) . Conclusion Over expression of Atg3 and Beclin1 could be new indicators for therapeutic effect of ET regimen neoadjuvant chemo‐therapy in breast cancer .

Two cases of atrophic dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) are reported.The patients were a 16-year-old and a 24-year-old boy with a clinical course of 6 and 5 years respectively.The lesions began as well-marginated atrophic erythema,and subcutaneous nodules appeared gradually on the erythema.Histopathology showed atrophic or normal epidermis,wavy arrangement of tumor (spindle) cells in the superficial dermis which was aligned parallel to the epidermis,storiform arrangement of tumor cells in the lower dennis,and typical lacelike pattern of infiltration of subcutaneous fat tissue with tumor cells.Immunohistochemistry showed that the tumor cells stained positive for vimentin and CD34,but negative for S100 or CD 68.

In this study, we investigated the pharmacokinetics parameters of SPIO-shRNA dual functional molecular probe and observed the main organ distribution by MRI in vivo. Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups and injected intravenously with different doses of SPIO-shRNA molecular probe, respectively. The blood samples were collected to analyze the pharmacokinetic parameters by measuring the iron content at 30 minutes before and after the injection. Twenty-four Kun Ming (KM) mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group was injected intravenously with physiological saline 200 µL per mouse via the tail vein, the other 3 groups were injected intravenously with different doses of SPIO-shRNA molecular probe. MRI observation was performed in 24 hours, and the liver, spleen, kidney, brain and muscle were collected for iron quantification with Prussian blue staining to determine distribution of the SPIO-shRNA molecular probe in the main organ in vivo. Our results suggest that the molecular probe blood half-life is more than 3 hours. The data of MRI suggest the probe was distributed in liver and spleen, and the MRI signal was reduced with the increase in probe's doses (P < 0.05). The results of Prussian blue staining confirmed the results of MRI. Most of the probe could escape the phagocytosis of mononuclear phagocyte system. Our data provide the pharmacokinetic and distribution of SPIO-shRNA molecular probe in organs. Meanwhile, it suggests the choice of the time and dose of probe for MR imaging of tumor in vivo.

Objective To investigate platelet function with special regard to the role of platelet membrane glycoproteins (GPIIb/IIIa?GPIb) and endothelial cell disturbance in the older non valve cardiac patients with atrial fibrillation and their clinical implications. Methods 22 older patients with non valve cardiac atrial fibrillation were studied. There were two age and sex matched control groups, one with 18 patients in sinus rhythm with cardiovascular disease, called the normal sinus rhythm group; the other with 16 health subjects named the health control group. The expression of activated GPIIb/IIIa and GPIb on platelet was analyzed with flow cytometry. Mean platelet volume (MPV) was measured by automatic hematologic analyzer, the plasma vWF was assayed using ELISA. Results The non valve atrial fibrillation group had markedly activated platelet, indicated by increased expression of activated GPIIb/IIIa ( P