Humans ; Diverticulum, Colon ; Fecal Impaction ; Hydrodynamics

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between pathological features and classification criteria of the breast Phyllodes tumor.

METHODS203 cases of breast phyllodes tumor diagnosed in 22 hospitals since 1956 were analyzed and reappraised by a retrospective study.

RESULTS133 cases were benign, 42 cases were borderline and 28 were malignant. The follow-up (6 to 372 months) showed that 28/133 benign, 19/42 borderline and 18/28 malignant cases recurred, and 17 patients (2 borderline and 15 malignant) died. The statistic cluster analysis demonstrated that stromal cellar atypia, margin involvement, mitotic activity and tumor necrosis were retained in the variable group, and no error distinguish were showed.

CONCLUSIONSThe breast phyllodes tumor can be classified as the following three types: benign, borderline and malignant. It is important to diagnose and classify the breast phyllodes tumor according to the involvement of tumor margin, stromal cellar atypia, mitotic activity, stromal overgrowth and tumor necrosis. There are significant differences of 5 years survival rates, recurrent rates and death rates between the benign, borderline and malignant breast phyllodes tumor. With wide excision the recurrence of the tumor decreased suggesting that broad excision is preferred for the benign phyllodes tumor and mastectomy is indicated for recurred borderline and malignant tumors.

Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Humans ; Mastectomy ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; surgery ; Phyllodes Tumor ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To investigate the significance of interleukin-13 (IL-13) in patients with active lupus nephritis (LN). Methods Ten healthy volunteers and 16 patients with active LN were included in this study. The protein level of IL-13 in plasma was examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and gene expression of IL-13 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Expression of IL-13 mRNA in renal tissue was studied by in situ hybridization (ISH) techniques. Results The level of IL-13 in plasma and the expression of IL-13 mRNA in PBMCs were significantly higher in LN patients than those in the controls ( P ＜ 0.001 ). Increased expression of IL-13 mRNA was detected in renal tissue of active LN patients compared to those in the controls ( P ＜ 0.001 ). Analysis of the linear correlation indicated that the level of IL-13 mRNA in the tubulointerstitial area in patients with active LN correlated with the concentration of serum creatinine (Scr), the glomerular activity index (GAl), the activity index of tubulointerstitium, and the level of serum C3 ( P ＜ 0.05 for each). Conclusion The elevation of IL-13 may play an important role inthe molecular pathogenesis of active LN.

INTRODUCTIONKnowledge of stroke symptoms is associated with seeking medical attention early, and knowledge of risk factors is an essential factor in stroke prevention. In this study, we evaluated the level of stroke literacy in Singapore.

MATERIALS AND METHODSA cross-sectional study of Singapore citizens and permanent residents aged 21 years and above was conducted in a public housing estate. Participants were randomly sampled using multi-stage stratified sampling. Assessment of awareness of stroke symptoms and risk factors was performed using open-ended questions. In total, 687 respondents were recruited, with a response rate of 69.7%.

RESULTSOverall, 52.4% of respondents identified the brain as the source of pathology, and 47.6% could cite at least 1 of the 3 FAST symptoms (facial droop, arm weakness and speech difficulty), while 40% could name 2 or more of 7 established risk factors for stroke (high blood pressure, high cholesterol, cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus, older age, previous heart attacks and stroke). Respondents at higher risk of stroke (older individuals and those with stroke risk factors) did not have greater awareness of stroke symptoms and risk factors. The majority of respondents reported they would seek immediate medical care if they experienced stroke symptoms. Only 59.4% knew the emergency ambulance service telephone number.

CONCLUSIONIn a sample of Singaporean adults residing in a public housing estate, we found evidence of poor stroke literacy, highlighting the need for comprehensive population-based education efforts. There is a role for opportunistic education among those at higher risk of stroke.

Adult ; Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Health Literacy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Public Housing ; Risk Factors ; Singapore ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Stroke ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

Objective: To analyze the disease burden of animal injury in China between 1990 and 2016. Methods: Data obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2016 were used to analyze the age and gender specific disease burden of animal injury in China, using the incidence and disability adjusted of life years (DALYs) rate. Relative and annual changes were evaluated. Results: In 2016, the age-standardized incidence and DALYs rate of animal injury in China showed as 245.05 per 100 000 people and 12.73 per 100 000. The age-standardized incidence of non-venomous animal injury was significantly higher than that of venomous animal injury, but the differences in age-standardized incidence and DALYs rate between venomous animal injury and non-venomous animal injury were not significant. Between 1990 and 2016, there was a significantly decreasing trend in the age-standardized incidence and DALYs rate of animal injury, and obvious decline could be seen in the incidence of non-venomous animal injury, compared with venomous animal injury. The incidence and DALYs rate of animal injury declined in both males and females and in different age groups. The obvious decline of incidence and DALYs rate could be found in children aged 5-14 years and aged <5 years. Conclusions: Between 1990 and 2016, there was a significant alleviation of the disease burden of animal injury in China. Young children were most prone to animal injury, resulting in serious disability and death, indicating more attention should be paid to this population at high risk and in animal injury prevention and control programs.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China/epidemiology* ; Cost of Illness ; Disabled Persons/statistics & numerical data* ; Female ; Global Burden of Disease ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Quality-Adjusted Life Years ; Wounds and Injuries/epidemiology*

Background: To determine the visual and anatomical outcomes after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery. Methods: Case files of patients who had surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment at the 3rd state central hospital May 2019 and May 2021 were reviewed. Information obtained included age, sex, presenting and post-operative visual acuity, anatomical reattachment, post- operative complications and causes of treatment failure. Results: Risk factors for retinal detachment included myopia in 8 eyes (32%), trauma in 7 eyes (28%), prior cataract surgery in 2 eyes (8%). 22 eyes (88%) presented with macula off while 3 eyes (12%) presented with macula partly or completely attached. Visual acuity at presentation was <0.01 in 15 eyes (60%). Following surgery, retina was attached in 23 eyes (92%) and remained detached 2 eyes (8%). Visual acuity after surgery was 0.1< 17 eyes, 0.4< 7 eyes. Visual acuity improved in 23 eyes (84%), remained the same in 2 eyes (8%). Conclusion Myopia and trauma are important risk factors for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment. Majority of patients in this setting presented late with Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment and this was responsible for relatively poor visual outcomes despite good anatomical results after surgery. Proper screening of eyes at risk and education of patients is important for preventing visual loss due to retinal detachment.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of Hashimoto's disease complicated with papillary thyroid carcinoma and research surgical treatment and Hashimoto's disease's effect to papillary thyroid carcinoma. Method:Three hundred and twelve cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma were retrospectively reviewed. Among 70 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma associated Hashimoto's disease (the observation group), 242 cases of single papillary thyroid carcinoma (the control group). Result:The observation group compared with the control group, there was a significant difference in gender, tumor size, thyroid antibody level and the lymph node metastasis, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion:Hashimoto's disease is a kind of protective factors of thyroid papillary carcinoma, Hashimoto's disease with coexistent papillary thyroid carcinoma is smaller in tumor diameter and have lower lymph node metastasis. Surgery takes the original operation primary radical and central lymph node dissection, try to avoid the preventive side neck lymph node dissection.

Humans ; Colon, Descending ; Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Follicular

Humans ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology* ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/genetics* ; Ear, Middle/pathology* ; Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins ; Nuclear Proteins

Objective: To investigate the associations of obesity and physical activity with cognition in the elderly. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from October 2009 to June 2010 among people aged ≥50 years selected through multistage random cluster sampling in Shanghai. The subjects' body weight, body height, waist circumference and hip circumference were measured to calculate body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR), and the data on self-reported physical activity level were collected through questionnaire survey. A comprehensive battery of cognitive tests was conducted to assess subjects' cognitive functions, including verbal recall, forward digit span (FDS), backward digit span (BDS), and verbal fluency (VF). General linear model was used to examine the associations of BMI, WHR and physical activity with cognition. Results: A total of 7 913 participants were included, with a median age of 60 years. Age, sex, education level, income level, BMI, WHR and physical activity level were significantly associated with cognitive scores in univariate analysis. After adjusted for age, sex, education level and income level, BMI was no longer significantly associated with cognitive scores in all cognitive functions (all P>0.01). WHR was significantly associated with VF score (P<0.01). Abdominally obese participants had lower VF score than non-abdominally obese participants (P<0.01). Physical activity level was significantly associated with all cognitive functions (P<0.01). Compared with participants with moderate physical activity level, participants with low physical activity level had lower scores in all cognitive functions (P<0.01). Conclusion: Abdominal obesity and low physical activity level were negatively associated with cognition level in the elderly, suggesting that waist circumference control and physical activity might help maintain cognition in the elderly.
Aged ; Body Height ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; China ; Cognition/physiology* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Exercise ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Waist Circumference ; Waist-Hip Ratio