The low-risk mild hypertension constitutes a considerable proportion in hypertension. Through searching CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP database and PubMed database, literature during the last 10 years was collected and reviewed. It was indicated that excessive diagnosis, insufficient evidence of drug treatment, and poor drug adherence existed in low-risk mild hypertension, however, acupuncture at Renying (ST 9) and other therapies had remarkable effects. This paper mainly expounded the diagnosis and treatment status of low-risk mild hypertension as well as the research summary of acupuncture for low-risk mild hypertension.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; trends ; Humans ; Hypertension ; therapy ; PubMed ; statistics & numerical data

Acupuncture therapy for regaining consciousness activates soreness, numbness, distention, heaviness, radiating and moving, electric shock and ant climbing sensations at the specific acupoints in the stroke patients. Radiating and moving sensations are the summary of needling sensations such as soreness, numbness and twitching presenting during lifting and thrusting manipulation. These sensations are the essential factors of the therapeutic effect of regaining consciousness. Radiating sensation refers to the conduction along meridians and radiation of soreness and numbness. Moving sensation refers to the local muscular twitching at acupoints and the involuntary movement of limbs, joints and the distal. Acupuncture at the specific acupoints achieves radiating and moving sensations for promoting the circulation in meridians, regulating qi and mind and balancing yin and yang in stroke patients. This therapy was introduced in the paper in view of acupoint location, needle insertion and manipulation.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Consciousness ; Humans ; Meridians ; Needles ; Stroke ; psychology ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effects of acupuncture method of "Huoxue Sanfeng, Shugan Jianpi" (activating blood and eliminating wind, soothing liver and strengthening spleen) on morning blood pressure in patients with cerebral infraction combined with essential hypertension.

METHODSSixty-eight patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 34 cases in each one. The patients in the two groups were treated with acupuncture method of "Xingnao Kaiqiao" (consciousness-restoring resuscitation) and oral administration of nifedipine. In addition, patients in the observation group were treated with acupuncture method of "Huoxue Sanfeng, Shugan Jianpi" that met the criteria of standard manipulation, in which bilateral Renying (ST 9), Quchi (LI 11), Hegu (LI 4), Zusanli (ST 36) and Taichong (LR 3) were selected. The treatment was given once a day, five times a week, for totally six weeks. The improvement and control rate of morning blood pressure in the two groups were observed.

RESULTS(1) After treatment, the morning blood pressures were decreased significantly in the two groups (all P < 0.05); after 15 treatments, the reduction of systolic pressure and diastolic pressure in the observation group was superior to that in the control group, but the difference was not significant (both P > 0.05); after 30 treatments, the reduction of systolic pressure and diastolic pressure in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group (both P < 0.05). (2) After 30 treatments, the control rate of morning blood pressure in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [82.4% (28/34) vs 58.8% (20/34), P < 0.05].

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture method of "Huoxue Sanfeng, Shugan Jianpi", characterized with standard manipulation criteria, can effectively control morning blood pressure in patients with cerebral infraction combined with essential hypertension.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Blood Pressure ; Cerebral Infarction ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Essential Hypertension ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Liver ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spleen ; physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in AGS cells. Methods AGS cells were cultured with either Hp11638 (CagA~+ , VacA~+ ) extract or Hp11638 mutant (CagA~+ , VacA~-) extract for 48 hours, then the cells and supernatants were collected. The concentration of ROS in AGS cells was measured by flow cytometry. The eytochrome C reduction was detected by spectrophotometer at 550 nm. Results The ROS levels in the AGS cells were correlated with two H. pylori strains in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The ROS levels in AGS cells treated with Hp11638 extract in different concentrations or times were correspondingly higher than those treated with Hp11638 mutant extract. Similar results were found in examination of cytochrome C reduction. Conclusion The elevation of ROS in AGS cells is related to effects of H. pylori proteins, and the VaeA protein involves in the process.

The characteristics and principles of acupoint selection in auricular plaster therapy for hypertension were explored. By searching CNKI (search time from 1950 to November of 2015), VIP database (search time from 1989 to November of 2015) and WanFang Database (search time from 1983 to November of 2015), the clinical research literature regarding auricular plaster therapy for hypertension was collected, and frequency statistics method was used for analysis. As a result, totally 117 articles were included. The auricular points with frequency from high to low were Jiangyagou, Shenmen (TF), Gan (CO), Xin (CO), Shen (CO), Jiaogan (AH), Pizhixia (AT), Jiangyadian and Neifenmi. The TCM syndromes with frequency from high to low were excessive accumulation of phlegm-dampness syndrome, upper hyperactivity of liversyndrome,deficiency andhyperactivity syndrome and excessive liver-fire syndrome. In conclusion, based on cross-reference of TCM and modern medicine combination ofand meridians differentiation and valuing the auricular points from clinical experience, the auricular plaster therapy for hypertension was characterized with "treating the principal and subordinate symptoms simultaneously and respectively" and "differentiation-based selection of auricular points to regulate", which could fully take the anti-hypertension advantages of non-pharmacotherapy.

It was to introduce professor 's experience in the treatment of oculomotor nerve palsy with acupuncture based on the interactions of twelve muscle regions and opposing needling theory. In the treatment, the TCM syndrome differentiation is taken as the general principle, the theory of the interactions of twelve muscle regions and opposing needling as the specific feature. The contrary needling is used at Hanyan (GB 4) and Juliao (ST 3) on the healthy side. The meridian-collateral and the exterior-interior differentiations are adopted to identify the syndromes. At the early stage of the disease, the treating principle focuses on expelling wind, eliminating cold and promoting the circulations of meridians and collaterals. The shallow needling, less acupoints and gentle stimulation are required. At the middle and late stage, the treating principle concentrates on strengthening the antipathogenic and harmonizing and blood. The deep needling, the multiple acupoints and the strong stimulation are applied. Additionally, the four-needling technique at Fengchi (GB 20), the multiple shallow needling at the eyelid margin, the opposing needling and the quantity of needling sensation are used in combination, which were developed by professor . With those comprehensivemethods, the symptoms of oculomotor nerve palsy are relieved and the significant clinical therapeutic effects achieved.

The brain has very high energy requirements and consumes 20% of the oxygen and 25% of the glucose in the human body. Therefore, the molecular mechanism underlying how the brain metabolizes substances to support neural activity is a fundamental issue for neuroscience studies. A well-known model in the brain, the astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle, postulates that glucose uptake and glycolytic activity are enhanced in astrocytes upon neuronal activation and that astrocytes transport lactate into neurons to fulfill their energy requirements. Current evidence for this hypothesis has yet to reach a clear consensus, and new concepts beyond the shuttle hypothesis are emerging. The discrepancy is largely attributed to the lack of a critical method for real-time monitoring of metabolic dynamics at cellular resolution. Recent advances in fluorescent protein-based sensors allow the generation of a sensitive, specific, real-time readout of subcellular metabolites and fill the current technological gap. Here, we summarize the development of genetically encoded metabolite sensors and their applications in assessing cell metabolism in living cells and in vivo, and we believe that these tools will help to address the issue of elucidating neural energy metabolism.
Animals ; Biosensing Techniques ; Brain ; cytology ; metabolism ; Cytological Techniques ; Energy Metabolism ; Humans ; Luminescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Time Factors

This study explored the ideas and methods of acupuncture for Guillain-Barré Syndrome （GBS） with the core principle of “to treat flaccidity， select the yangming （阳明） channel only”. The main pathological mechanism of GBS is deficiency of qi and blood in the yangming channel， malnutrition of all sinews， diminished spleen and stomach function leading to the production of pathogenic damp-heat qi， which obstructs the meridians， and gradually affects the liver and kidneys， consuming essence and damaging blood. Concurrently， dysfunction of the dumai （督脉） pivotal mechanism and lack of moisture in sinews and vessels result in symptoms such as skin numbness， paralysis， and muscle wastage. In clinical diagnosis and treatment， a combination of syndrome and channel differentiation is taken. Treatment primarily focuses on acupoints of yangming channel， aiming to supplement qi and blood， and acupoints of du mai are combined to open the vessel and fill the marrow. Specific acupoints are selected based on syndrome differentiation， providing comprehensive regulation to promote harmonization of qi and blood， relieve meridians， and the smooth generation and circulation of whole body fluids. This， in turn， enhances the strength of muscles and bones， and fosters a robust and freely moving body.

Tibetan medicine is an essential part of Chinese medicine and has unique theoretical experience and therapeutic advantages. According to the development principle of inheriting the essence, sticking to the truth, and keeping innovative, the supervision department should give clear and reasonable guidance considering the characteristics of Tibetan medicine, establish a standard system for quality control, clinical verification and evaluation, and accelerate the research and commercialization of new drugs. In view of the needs of drug supply-side reform and the current situation of Tibetan medicine and new pharmaceutical research, we ponder and provide suggestions on the confusion faced by the current supervision of Tibetan drug registration, hoping to contribute to the supervision strategy of Tibetan drug registration and the high-quality development of Tibetan medicine industry.
Tibet ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; Quality Control ; Pharmaceutical Research ; Drug Industry