Objective To predict the HLA A *0201 restricted CTL epitopes (nonamers) in SARS coronavirus (SARS CoV) E protein. Methods The CTL epitopes of E protein were predicted by using supermotif method combined with quantitative matrix method. Results Thirteen HLA A *0201 restricted CTL epitope candidates were predicted in SARS CoV E protein. Conclusion The prediction of the CTL epitopes in SARS CoV E protein will benefit the identification of CTL epitopes by experiment. Those results are of importance for immune recognition and vaccine design for SARS CoV.

Objective:To investigate the curative effects and mechanism of Shuxuetong injection (疏血通注射液) on treating coronary heart disease(CHD).Methods:The treated group (n=20) based on conventional therapy was treated with Shuxuetong injection infused intravenously,meanwhile the control group treated with conventional therapy only.Before and after therapy the changes in concentrations of plasma endothelin(ET),thromboxin B2(TXB2),6ketoprostaglandin F1α(6ketoPGF1α) and blood rheology between two groups were compared.Results:After therapy the clinical symptoms were convalescent,the ET and TXB2 reduced,the 6ketoPGF1α increased,and the parameters of blood rheology improved.Conclusions:Shuxuetong injection is able to dilate vessels,increase blood flow volume,anticoagulate,and improve blood rheology so that it is effective drug to treat CHD.

Objective To design a novel efficient CEA vaccine of fission epitopes with the vehicle of HPV16L1,and construct the recombinant baculovirus in Bac-to-Bac baculovirus expression system.Methods The recombinant baculovirus expression vector pFastBac1-V was constructed.HPV16L1 and CEA-PADRE synthesis primers were inserted into bacmid in E.coli DH10Bac with the help of Tn7 transposition system.Then the recombinant baculovirus was got by infecting insect cell sf9.Results HPV16L1 and CEA-PADRE synthesis primers that were cloned to the baculovirus transfer vector pFastBac1 were assessed by restriction analysis and direct sequencing.The recombinant baculovirus of the novel vaccine had been constructed.After infected sf9,the correct fragment was amplified by PCR.Conclusion The baculovirus of CEA vaccine of fussion epitopes with the vehicle of HPV16L1 was constructed.

Medical Immunology is a multidisciplinary basic discipline,but its' abstract and complex leading most beginners daunting.Teachers should emphasize on ‘ transposition thinking' and stick the teaching concept of ‘ students-centered and teacher-guided learning' to the whole teaching process.Teacher should always make transposition thinking on how to stimulate students learning interest,how to guide students to learn autonomously,and how to make problem-based learning.This is important to build self-learning platform for the students and to achieve‘teaching' and ‘learning'win-win.

Objective To modify HLA-A2.1 restricted epitope of tyrosinase related protein-2 (TRP-2) (180-188) of human melanoma differentiation antigen and enhance HLA-A2.1 molecule its affinity to. Methods The TRP-2 (180-188) nave epitope was altered with the predominant amino acid for the primary anchor residues and auxiliary anchor residues. Altered peptide ligands (APLs) were scanned by polynomial method, the quantitative motif method and OSAR methods. The analogues their affinity to HLA-A2.1 molecule were assayed. Results Compared with the nave peptide, APLs had stronger affinity to HLA-A2 molecules. Conclusion Our results suggest that altered nave epitope with P1 (Y) and/or P2(L, M) can enhance affinity to HLA-A2 molecule. However, the immunogical efficacy of APLs needs to be identified in studies in vitro and in vivo.

The curriculum system of Proteomics was analyzed based on the teaching practice,the characteristics of ability training and gradation teaching were summarized and the prospect of curriculum optimization was proposed.These measures were conceived to enrich the course content and teaching methods for Proteomics course.

Immunology is a kind of important basic subject for medical education, involving theories and technologies covering many aspects of disease occurrence, diagnosis, prevention and treatment, and is also the source of new means of medical treatment in the future. Therefore, successful teaching of medical immunology is associated with high-level medical undergraduate education. An appropriate textbook is critical for curriculum construction of immunology. However, little analysis of immunology textbooks has been published. We selected several famous and popular English immunology textbooks and compared their teaching objectives, methods, and contents, concluding the features and targeting readers of each textbooks. Our research results could provide some advices for students to learn immunology theory and researchers to utilize immunology methods, and also give a glimpse of the development trend and direction of immunology.

Objective To investigate the association of C-reactive protein (CRP) gene polymorphisms and plasma hs-CRP level,and effect on the genetic susceptibility of ischemic stroke (IS).Methods A case-control study was conducted and 548 patients with acute ischemic stroke and 993 agematched controls from community-based population were included in this study.Epidemiological questionnaires were managed to collect for demographic information.Blood pressure was measured and blood glucose,triacylglycerol,cholesterol,and high sensitivity C-reaction protein (hs-CRP) were detected.Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used for genotyping of CRP gene in all participants.Results The levels of plasma hs-CRP and the proportion of elevated plasma hs-CRP (≥3.0 mg/L) in the ischemic stroke patients (3.534 ± 3.484) mg/L (43.1％) were significantly higher than those of controls (1.957 ±2.344) mg/L (16.6％),t =9.475,P ＜ 0.01,x2 =128.326,P ＜ 0.01.The results of association analysis indicated that rs3093059 and rs3091244 of CPR gene presented statistical associations with ischemic stroke.After correction for confounding factors,ORs (95％ CI) of additive model and dominant model of rs3093059 were 0.697 (0.528-0.921),0.671 (0.487-0.923) respectively.ORs 95％ CI) of dominant model of rs3091244 was 0.728 (0.536-0.988).Further analysis indicated the polymorphism of rs876537,rs3093059,rs3091244 of CPR genotyping were significantly associated with plasma hs-CRP elevation (≥ 3.0 mg/L) both in ischemic stroke patients and in controls (P ＜0.05).Conclusion The CRP genetic polymorphisms were negatively associated with ischemic stroke,and positively corrleted with plasma hs-CRP elevation.However,plasma hs-CPP was positively correlated with ischemic stroke.These results suggested that the plasma hs-CRP levels might be accompanied by ischemic stroke.

Objective To investigate the association between the polymorphism of C-reactive protein (CRP) gene and plasma level of hs-CRP in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods 548 patients with acute ischemic stroke were considered to be the case group and 993 age-matched healthy controls were randomly selected from community-based population.Three tagging SNPs of the CRP gene (rs876537,rs3093059,and rs3091244) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).The plasma hs CRP levels were measured by routine method and multiple logistic regression was applied to evaluate genetic effect on plasma hs-CRP level.Results (1) The hs-CRP concentration and elevation (≥3.0 mg/L) proportion were significantly higher in case group than in control group [(3.534 ± 3.484) mg/L vs.(1.957 ± 2.344) mg/L,43.1％ vs.16.6％,t=10.74 and 23.45,both P＜0.05].(2) Compared with controls,the case group had higher conventional vascular risks,including higher blood pressure [SBP:(145.33 ± 22.11) vs.(134.92±19.48) mmHg,t=14.30,P＜0.05; DBP:(88.14±12.72) vs.(81.42± 12.44) mmHg,t=12.44,P＜0.05],higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [(2.714±0.904)vs.(2.286 ± 0.704) mmol/L,t =9.72,P＜ 0.05],and lower concentration of high-density lipoproteincholesterol [(1.213±0.317) vs.(1.438±0.262) /L,t=-12.89,P＜0.05].(3) Both rs876537 and rs3093059 polymorphism of CRP gene showed statistical associations with elevation of plasma hs-CRP level in case group.After adjusted for covariates including age,sex,hypertension,type 2 diabetes and other factors,additive model and dominant model of rs3093059 showed that the adjusted ORs (95 ％ CI) were 1.548 (1.103-2.171),1.562 (1.070-2.281) respectively (both P＜ 0.05).And ORs (95％ CI) of additive model and dominant model of rs876537 were 1.368 (1.067-1.753),1.719 (I.190-2.482) respectively after adjusted for covariates (both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Plasma hs-CRP concentration is significantly higher in ischemic stroke patients than in healthy population.The polymorphism of rs876537 and rs3093059 of CRP gene has association with elevation of plasma hs-CRP level in ischemic stroke patients.

Objective:[WT5BZ]To explore the molecular mechanism of protection of zinc against hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury(HIRI). [WT5HZ]Methods:[WT5BZ]The expression of hepatic metallothionein 1(MT 1)gene and regulation by zinc were determined by RT PCR(reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction)in HIRI rats. [WT5HZ]Results:[WT5BZ]1.Hepatic MT 1 mRNA was expressed in all groups;2.The level of hepatic MT 1 mRNA in HIRI group(ischemia 30 min,reperfusion 90 min)was significantly lower than control.After zinc supplementation,the content of hepatic MT 1 mRNA was increased significantly;3.The hepatic MT 1 expression was also enhanced by zinc in normal rats. [WT5HZ]Conclusion:[WT5BZ]The results of our studies suggest that the regulation of hepatic MT 1 genes by zinc is one of the main ways contributed to the mechanism of protection by zinc in HIRI.