BACKGROUND:The principle of lyophilization is to sublimate the solvent of frozen materials in vacuum and retain the solute, thus making a pore structure. OBJECTIVE: To produce a chitosan tubular scaffold by lyophilization, and to test its physicochemical properties. METHODS: The chitosan tubular material was prepared by lyophilization method, folowed by gross observation and electron microscopic observation. The chitosan tubular material samples were placed into PBS solution and pure water for 50 days, respectively, and then immersed in trypsin liquid for 1 day folowed by embedded into the muscle and dorsal skin of neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats for 30 days. The degradation rate and porosity of the material were observed and calculated. The breaking strength and compressive strength of the material were determined both under drying and soaking conditions using tensile instrument and pressure meter, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The external form of the chitosan tubular material was normaly tubular. Under the electron microscope, it was composited by different size pores, and the pore size was 50-200μm. The degradation rates of the material were (5.33±0.12)% in PBS, (11.26±0.15) in water, 0.012% in the trypsin liquid and (35.2±3.7)in vivo. The porosity rate was (97.5±1.5)%. The breaking strength and compressive strength of the material was higher under the drying state than under the soaking state (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the lyophilization method can produce the chitosan tubular material with good porosity rate and degradation rate as wel as good tensile ability and compressive capability.

Aim To identify whether the petroleum e-ther fraction of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis ( GJ-PE ) could effetive exhibit a rapid antidepressant effect and also to investigate the biological mechanism. Methods Tail suspension test ( TST ) , forced swimming test ( FST ) and novelty suppressed-feeding ( NSF ) were used to screen the rapid antidepressant potential of ef-fective fractions of GJ-PE in KM mice at 24 h post a single administration. Tail suspension test ( TST) was also used at 30 min and forced swimming test ( FST ) was used at 2 h to test the initial onset time of effective fractions of GJ-PE in KM mice. Western blot was per-formed to examine the expression of BDNF and p-eEF2 in hippocampus of KM mice at 2 h and 24 h. Results An acute administration of GJ-PE1 decreased the im-mobility time of KM mice in FST at 2 h and 24 h and decreased the latency time in NSF at 24 h. GJ-PE3 de-creased the latency time in NSF at 24 h. GJ-PE4 in-creased the unit food consumption in NSF at 24 h. At 2 h post a single GJ-PE1 treatment, the expression of BDNF was significantly up-regulated while the expres-sion of p-eEF2 was significantly down-regulated. At 24 h post a single GJ-PE1 treatment, the expression of BDNF was significantly down-regulated while p-eEF2 expression was significantly up-regulated. Conclusion GJ-PE1 has the most significant rapid antidepressant potential among the four fractions of GJ-PE. The effec-tive time of GJ-PE1 is 2 h after drug treatment. The mechanism of the rapid antidepressant effect of GJ-PE1 at 2 h is related to the up-regulation of BDNF and down-regulation of p-eEF2 . GJ-PE3 and GJ-PE4 also have some features of rapid antidepressants. GJ-PE2 doesn′t have the rapid antidepressant potential.

Abstract As an emerging discipline, implementation research has been widely used in many health fields, such as the prevention and control of chronic noncommunicable diseases and mental health promotion. However, school based implementation research in China is still in its infancy. The paper introduces the implementation science framework applied in the field of school health in foreign countries, and reviews its application in nutrition intervention, physical activity and mental health promotion, and prevention of health risk behaviors in school settings, in order to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the application of implementation research in school health in China.

Objective To explore the surgical techniques in laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for benign and low malignant tumors in the body or tail of the pancreas.Methods The clinical data of 21 cases of benign and low-malignant tumors in the body or tail of the pancreas undergoing LDP from Jan 2015 to Mar 2017 in the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University were analyzed retrospectively.Results One patient was converted to open surgery(4.76％),13 patients underwent laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (Kimura procedure).The other 7 patients underwent LDP with splenectomy.The average size of the tumor was (6.0 ±3.1)cm;the operation time was 190 to 421 mins with mean time of (288.4 ± 56.9)min;the intraoperative blood loss was 30 to 800 ml with the mean volume of(235.7 ± 202.6)ml;Postoperative hospital stay was 6 to 17 days with the mean time of (8.9 ± 3.1) days.Six patients suffered from type A pancreatic fistula,and were cured by conservative treatment.Conclusions Laparoscopic spleen-preserving pancreatectomy for benign or low-grade malignant body and tail pancreatic tumors is feasible and safe.

Objective To investigate the auxiliary diagnostic value of combined detection serum lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (LP-PLA2) and small and dense low-density lipoprotein (sd-LDL) in atherosclerosis.Methods The subjects were divided into experimental group and control group by random block design from May 2017 to January 2018,in the First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Anhui Wannan Medical College.The experimental group selected 125 AS patients with clinical diagnosis and confirmed by angiography,and 55 healthy subjects were chosen as the normal control group at the same time.Serum samples were collected within 24 hours after admission,and the level of LP-PLA2,sdLDL-C,low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC) and high-sensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP) were unified detection.The t test,single factor variance analysis and Mann-Whitney U and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data.Results LP-PLA2,sd-LDL,LDL,TC,TG and hs-CRP of the AS group were all higher than those of the healthy control group (Z=5.279,6.663,6.012,5.863,5.508 and 2.845,respectively,P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that serum LP-PLA2,sd-LDL and hs-CRP level was an independent risk factor for predicting atherosclerosis (OR=1.008,P=0.003;OR=8.282,P=0.012;OR=1.158,P=0.009).The sensitivity of LP-PLA2,sd-LDL,LDL-C,TC,TG,hs-CRP to AS was detected separately (57.6％,73.6％,85.6％,83.2％,76.8％,80.0％),and the specificity was (89.1％,78.2％,67.3％,69.1％,74.5％,52.7％).The ROC curve showed that the diagnostic efficacy of LP-PLA2 and sd-LDL combined detection was 0.854,higher than sd-LDL,LDL-C,TC,TG,LP-PLA2 and hs-CRP (0.811,0.782,0.775,0.758,0.747 and 0.633,respectively).In addition,the levels of both increased with the aggravation of arteriosclerotic lesion(x2=7.954,P=0.019;x2=11.44,P=0.003).The levels of LP-PLA2 and sd-LDL in patients with AS were not significantly different between different lesions (x2=8.042,P=0.09;x2=5.952,P=0.203).There was no significant difference between serum LP-PLA2 and sd-LDL level and sex,age,smoking,hypertension and diabetes (Z1=0.398,0.719,0.619,0.098 and 1.338 respectively,Z2=0.942,0.027,0.894,0.375,0.783,respectively,both P1 and P2 were＞0.05).Conclusions sd-LDL combined with LP-PLA2 has high sensitivity and specificity in the prediction of AS,which makes up for the deficiency of individual detection;sd-LDL and LP-PLA2 serum level has nothing to do with the lesion and has a positive correlation with the degree of lesions.It is not easily affected by other risk factors and can be used as a risk factor for predicting the occurrence of AS.

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. The development of omics technologies has provided new perspectives for the diagnosis and treatment of UC. Genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics have unveiled the molecular mechanisms and biological characteristics of UC, which are conducive to the discovery of new therapeutic targets and biomarkers. Single-cell omics and spatial transcriptomics have further deepened the understanding of cellular heterogeneity and the tumor microenvironment. These technologies show great potential in molecular typing, non-invasive diagnosis, early screening, and personalized treatment of UC. This article, in response to the national key strategy, will delve into how omics technologies can drive new developments in the diagnosis and treatment of UC, as well as the application and translation prospects of these technologies in UC.

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. The development of omics technologies has provided new perspectives for the diagnosis and treatment of UC. Genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics have unveiled the molecular mechanisms and biological characteristics of UC, which are conducive to the discovery of new therapeutic targets and biomarkers. Single-cell omics and spatial transcriptomics have further deepened the understanding of cellular heterogeneity and the tumor microenvironment. These technologies show great potential in molecular typing, non-invasive diagnosis, early screening, and personalized treatment of UC. This article, in response to the national key strategy, will delve into how omics technologies can drive new developments in the diagnosis and treatment of UC, as well as the application and translation prospects of these technologies in UC.

Objective: To describe the association of different sleep characteristics and cardiometabolic risk among college students, so as to provide reference for health promotion of college students. Methods: By random cluster sampling method, a questionnaire survey and physical examination including blood pressure, waist circumference and blood lipid indicators, which were conducted in April and May of 2019 among a total of 1 179 college students from the first grade in two universities in Hefei City of Anhui Province and Shangrao City of Jiangxi Province. A total of 729 college students with valid questionnaires were included into analysis. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) were used to investigate sleep behavior, and the Morning And Evening Questionnaire-5 (MEQ-5) was used to investigate sleep characteristics. The cardiometabolic risk score was derived using the sum of the standardized sex specific Z scores of waist circumference, mean arterial pressure, HDL cholesterol (multiplied by -1), triglycerides, and insulin resistance index. The rank sum tests were used to compare differences in cardiometabolic risk scores across demographic characteristics. Generalized linear models were used to compare the association of different sleep characteristics with cardiometabolic risk scores among college students. Results: The average cardiovascular metabolic risk score of college students was -0.32(-2.03, 1.58). There were statistically significant differences in cardiovascular metabolic risk scores among college students in variables such as smoking, health status, and physical activity levels ( t/F=-3.41, 12.88, 51.07, P <0.01). The results of the generalized linear model showed that nighttime preference ( B=1.89, 95%CI =1.02-3.49), insomnia symptoms ( B=3.25, 95%CI =1.79-5.90), and short or long sleep duration ( B=1.92, 95%CI =1.21-3.05) were positively correlated with the cardiovascular metabolic risk score of college students ( P <0.05). Conclusions Poor sleep patterns among college students are positively correlated with the risk of cardiovascular metabolism. The sleep behavior of college students should be actively changed to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

BACKGROUND:Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty has been paid more and more attention because of its advantages of fewer traumas,less blood loss,less complications,faster recovery,excellent knee function and high prosthetic survival rate.Most of the relevant reports focused on its clinical effect,but the changes in the levels of relevant inflammatory cytokines in patients after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty were rarely reported. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in patients with medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee and the changes of interleukin-1,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α levels. METHODS:A total of 30 patients with medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee who received unicompartmental knee arthroplasty from September 2021 to March 2023 and met the inclusion criteria were selected as the study subjects.Medial angle of proximal tibia,femoral and tibial angle,pain visual analog scale score,hospital for special surgery score,knee joint range of motion,synovial fluid interleukin-1,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α levels before and after surgery were compared and statistically analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)All 30 patients had grade I wound healing.All patients were followed up for more than 6 months after surgery.There were no complications such as prosthesis loosening and dislocation of prosthesis liner in all patients.(2)The medial proximal tibia angle and the femoral and tibial angles measured after operation were significantly improved(P<0.05).(3)The visual analog scale score,hospital for special surgery score and range of motion measured at 1,3,and 6 months after operation were better than those before operation(P<0.05),and showed a gradual improvement(P<0.05).(4)The levels of interleukin-1,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α in synovial fluid at 3 and 6 months after operation were decreased gradually compared with those before operation(P<0.05)and showed a gradual downward trend at each time point after operation.(5)It is indicated that unicompartmental knee arthroplasty can effectively treat medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee,significantly relieve pain,restore knee joint function,improve knee varus deformity and lower limb strength line,and reduce the levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α in joints to a certain extent.

Objective To investigate the acute toxicology and intervention effect of Panacis Majoris Rhizoma on rats with chronic pharyngitis.Methods A single,maximum dose of Panacis Majoris Rhizoma(74.4 g·kg-1)was administered to Kunming mice to evaluate its toxicity,involving the assessment of the survival status of the mice,organ indices,morphological changes in major organs,blood routine,and biochemical indicators.SD rats were randomly divided into the control group,model group,prednisone group(6.25 mg·kg-1),and low-,medium-,and high-dose Panacis Majoris Rhizoma groups(0.58,1.16,and 2.32 g·kg-1).All rats received the corresponding drugs(or normal saline)via intragastric administration once daily for a duration of 30 days.Except the control group,chronic pharyngitis was induced in rats of the other groups by using β-hemolytic streptococcus.Following euthanasia,serum inflammatory levels of interleukin-6(IL-6),cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1),C-reactive protein(CRP),tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α),monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1),and prostaglandin E2(PGE2)were measured.Additionally,pharyngeal tissues were stained with HE and pathological characteristics were observed.Results Toxicological studies have demonstrated that the administration of Panacis Majoris Rhizoma resulted in significant increase in plasma alanine transaminase levels and spleen index of mice,along with corresponding tissue pathological alterations.Nevertheless,no noteworthy pathological changes were observed in other organs,and there were no notable changes in blood routine and plasma biochemical indicators.Pharmacodynamic investigations have revealed that Panacis Maioris Rhizoma effectively reduces the serum levels of inflammatory factors and improves pathological changes in pharyngeal tissues.Conclusion Panacis Maioris Rhizoma alleviated β-hemolytic streptococcus-induced CP by inhibiting inflammatory responses,and may show potential toxicity to the spleen.