Objective To investigate the nursing points and the effect of the conjoint liver and kindey transplantation. Methods To review the concreted nursing experience among 13 patients who have accepted the conjoint liver and kidney transplantation from 1996 to 2004 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University,and then summarized the nursing key points of the operation. Results All the nursing measures during the course of operation were properly,the means time of operation was 9.5 hours,the means time of liverless was 65 minutes,the blood loss volume was 7 000 ml. Conclusion The nursing key points of conjoint liver and kidney transplantation include sufficient nursing prepare,homoiothermism during the operation,proper using drugs, proper blood-transfusion and fluid infusion.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of peri-implantitis inflammatory microenvironment on the biological function of jaw bone osteoblasts.

METHODSPrimary mandible osteoblasts from peri-implantitis and normal tissue were isolated and cultured. Third-generation purified osteoblasts were identified and detected. The proliferative activity of osteoblasts was evaluated through MTT assay. Osteocalcin (OCN), Runx2, and collagen I (Col I) mRNA levels were examined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. OCN protein levels were determined by Western blot.

RESULTS: After 4 d of culture, the proliferative activity of osteoblasts from peri-implantitis became lower than that of normal tissue ( P <0.05). After 7 d of culture, OCN, Runx2, and Col I mRNA expression decreased ( P <0.05). The OCN protein levels also decreased ( P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONPeri-implantitis inflammatory microenvironment can decrease the proliferation and differentiation activity of mandible osteoblasts.

Objective Investigating and analyzing problems and influencing factors in the process of hospital-level research project management,proposing effective and feasible recommendations,and to prove a reference for hospitals administrative management development.Methods The research analyzed factors including researchers,the departments and implementation.Results Since 2005,the total funding to support research projects in the hospital-level project reached 6.345 million yuan,the pass rate in middle-term examination was 84.94％ and was 71.81％ in final examination,with the majority of them were senior researchers.Conclusions Problems founded in this study includes the participate rate was low inyoung and middle-aged researchers,the quality of hospital-level research is also low,lack of research time,and the research outcome is not satisfied.We suggest strengthen the management of the research process,improve the mechanism of scientific rewards and punishments,integrate the disciplines resources,and improve the quality of hospital-level research project.

Objective The number of awarded provincial-level research projects and their budget had been declining year by year.We analyzed the data of provincial-level research projects in a general hospital in last ten years to be able to describe the distribution of research projects,the subject crossing situation,the distributions of subject and age structure,degree,title of the project leaders.We tried to find out the problems of them and to provide evidence for policy making.Methods Based on the scientific research management software,the data of the provincial-level research projects can be collected from 2005 to 2014.To Analyze the distributions of subject and structure of age,degree,professional title of the projects leaders by SPSS software.Results In general,the number and funds of provincial-level projects were unstable in the nearly ten years.Many of them focused mainly on basic departments and key subject.Young and middle-aged professionals were the backbone of the hospital team and talents with a high degree and title were the main force in the successful provincial-level projects.Conclusions According to the distribution trend of the projects,the hospital should deliver a carefully targeted set of actions.According to the distribution trend of the subject departments,the hospital should strengthen cooperation among departments and promote the integration of subjects.Strengthen the construction of talent team,pay attention to the cultivation of young talents.Strengthen scientific research management,To provide services for provincial level projects management.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of pulmonary hypertension(PH) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and study the related risk factors.Methods Patients with stable COPD enrolled in this study,undergoing examinations including full pulmonary function tests (PFT),6-minute walk distance (6MWD),Exercise Oxyhemoglobin,Saint.George's respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ) and transthoracic echocardiography.Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (sPAP) ≥ 36 mmHg(1 mmHg =0.133 kPa) was defined as PH.Results A total of 251 patients were finally evaluable in this study.The frequency of PH was 55.4％ (139/251) in patients with stable COPD.Significant differences were seen between patients with PH and without PH respectively in the following factors (mean P ＜0.05):proportion of age ≥ 60 years (69.8％ vs 57.1％),forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)(％ predicted) [(47.5±8.2)％ vs(61.2±10.2)％ and(49.8±7.9)％ vs(66.4±11.3)％],sPAP [(41.9 ± 9.1) mmHg vs (28.2 ± 3.2) mmHg],exercise oxyhemoglobin desaturation [(-5.5 ± 3.2) ％ vs(-2.2 ± 1.2) ％],6MWD [(316.0 ± 55.2) m vs(390.0 ±75.2) m].The following variables were negatively correlated with sPAP:6MWD (r =-0.330,P =0.003),FEV1 (％ predicted) (r =-0.210,P =0.024 and r =-0.130,P =0.012,respectively).The following variables were positively correlated with sPAP:age(r =0.560,P =0.031),exercise oxyhemoglobin desaturation ＞ 3％ (r =0.540,P =0.001).Logistic regression test has showed that age≥ 60 years,exercise oxygen desaturation ＞ 3％,FEV1 (％ predicted) ＜ 50％,6MWD ＜ 350 m were risk factors for PH in COPD.Conclusion The incidence of PH in COPD increases with age,yet the performance of lung function and the activity of endurance decrease in elder patients.Sixty years or older,exercise oxygen desaturation ＞ 3％,FEV1 (％ predicted) ＜ 50％,6MWD ＜ 350 m are risk factors of PH in COPD.Echocardiography or right heart catheterization when needed should be considered to confirm the diagnosis.

AIM:To investigate the expression of transmembrane protein 16A(TMEM16A) in Fischer rat thy-roid follicular epithelial ( FRT) cells and its electrophysiologic properties .METHODS: The eukaryotic expression vector of pUB6/V5-TMEM16A was constructed and transfected into FRT cells by liposome-mediated transfection .In order to ob-tain the high efficiency of gene transfection and expression , the quantity and ratio of lipid/DNA complexes were optimized . The FRT cells stably expressing TMEM16A were gained by the selection with blasticidin and confirmed by the techniques of RT-PCR and immunofluorescence .The expression and location of TMEM 16A in the FRT cells were observed under an in-verted fluorescence microscope .TMEM16A protein was associated with calcium-dependent chloride current , as measured with halide-sensitive fluorescent protein and patch-clamp technique .RESULTS: The results of double digestion and se-quencing indicated that TMEM16A was cloned into pUB6/V5.The results of RT-PCR and immunofluorescence confirmed that TMEM16A was expressed in the FRT cells after transfection with TMEM16A.The classical calcium-activated chloride channel currents were recorded in the FRT cells stably expressing TMEM 16A by the technique of patch-clamp and halide-sensitive fluorescent protein YFP-H148Q/I152L.CONCLUSION:The protein expression of TMEM16A in the FRT cells was observed.TMEM16A is the molecular identity of calcium-activated chloride channels .

OBJECTIVE:To observe the activity of Pyrazinamide gel against Mycob ac terium tuberculosis in vitro and its security in bronchial interventional therap y METHODS:The MIC and MBC of Pyrazinamide and Pyrazinamide gel were measured b y handwork method and instrument method and secuity of Pyrazinamide gel was asse ssed by bronchial interventional therapy in rabbits RESULTS:The MICs of pyrazi namide gel to M tuberculosis H37 RV,M bovis and M phlei were 1mg/L,1mg/L,1 0mg/L,the MBCs of Pyrazinamide gel to M tuberculosis H37RV,M bovis and M ph lei were 10mg/L,10mg/L,40mg/L respectively;the MIC and MBC of Pyrazinamide gel and those of Pyrazinamide had no significant differences;the animal security ex periment was negative CONCLUSION:These results suggest that Pyrazinamide gel a nd Pyrazinamide have the same efficacy against M tuberculosis,because carbomer dose not affect the activity of Pyrazinamide against M tuberculosis;Pyrazinami de gel which contains carbomer is safe in bronchial interventional therapy

Objective: To establish a mouse model of acute lung injury (ALI) via intratracheal aerosolization of paraquat (PQ). Methods: Thirty male C57BL/6J mice of 8-10 weeks old were randomly(random number) divided into the paraquat model group (n = 15) and the saline control group (n = 15). Mice in the paraquat model group were administered PQ solution (0.4 mg/mL) at a single dose of 50 μL per mouse via intratracheal aerosolization. Mice in the saline control group received an equal volume of saline. Mice were sacrificed 72 h post-PQ administration and samples were collected. The general physical condition of mice including body weight as well as mortality was monitored daily. Pulmonary function, cell counting and classification of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) levels of BALF and serum, MPO activity and total protein concentration of BALF and pathological lung injury scores were obtained. Results: The body mass of mice decreased progressively within 72 h after PQ intratracheal administration. The static compliance of lung decreased (P<0.01) and the resistance increased (P<0.01). The number of inflammatory cells in BALF was significantly higher than that of the saline control group (all P<0.01), the levels of proinflammatory cytokines were significantly upregulated in both BALF and serum (all P<0.01), and the activity of MPO in BALF was also remarkedly increased (P<0.01). The total protein concentration of BALF was significantly elevated (P<0.01). The pathological observation of lung tissue showed a large number of inflammatory cells infiltration accompanying pulmonary hemorrhage, alveolar collapse, hyaline membrane formation and alveolar septal thickening, and the lung injury scores significantly increased (P<0.01). Conclusions Intratracheal aerosolization of a single dose of 0.02 mg PQ can successfully induce ALI in mice.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) refers to adenocarcinoma originating from the secondary bile ducts and their branches within the liver, with high malignancy and poor prognosis. Radical surgical resection is currently the only possible way to cure ICC, but only some patients meet the surgical standards, and even with surgical resection, about 60% of patients will relapse within 1~2 years. Neoadjuvant therapy and adjuvant therapy are important perioperative treatment methods for ICC, with the aim of reducing postoperative recurrence and improving postoperative survival. This article aims to elaborate on the current status and research progress of neoadjuvant therapy and adjuvant therapy for ICC.

Objective To evaluate the effect of cyclophosphamide (CTX) on the prognosis of different types of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods A retrospective cohort study,in which 1 372 lupus patients were included,was conduted in 26 hospitals in Jiangsu province from 1999 to 2009.The data was analyzed by the chi-square test,Mann-Whitney U test,Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression analysis.Results 1 372 SLE patients were followed up,in which 582 patients (42.4％) were treated with cycloph-osphamide and 790 patients (57.6％) were not.There were statistically significant differences in SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) at admission and discharge between the two groups (t=3.398,P=0.001;t=5.044,P＜0.01).The survival rate was significantly higher in CTX treatment group compared to those without CTX administration (x2=4.667,P=0.031).Female (P=0.018,HR=0.68),disease duration ≤7 years (P=0.033,R=0.697),decreased levels of complement C3 (P=0.047,HR=0.7),and patients treated with cyclophosphamide and glucocorti-costeroid (P=0.047,HR=0.734) were predictors for good prognosis for CTX treatment.In patients with central nervous system (x2=6.611,P=0.010),heart and lung (x2=7.223,P=0.007) and renal system involvement (x2=5.217,P=0.022),there were statistically significant differences in survival rate and survival time between the CTX treated group and untreated group.Conclusion Cyclophosphamide treatment was beneficial for female SLE patients with low complement,short disease duration and important organ involvement such as heart,lung,kidney and central nervous system.