Objective To study the effec of nursing intervention on the quality of life in convalescent schizophrenia patients. Method 80 patients with schizophrenia were divided into observed group (n=40) and control group (n=40).The patients in observe group received nursing intervention.Patients were evaluated by Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS) and General Quality of Life Inventory (GQOLI) at the time of beginning the trial and after half of a year of the intervention respectively. Results After the nursing intervention,the PANSS scores in observe group are significant lower than those of control group (P

Objectives:To examine the effect of chloride blocker (NPPB and tamoxifen)on volume sensitive chloride channels in mouse cardiac ventricular myocytes. Methods:Isolated mouse cardiac ventricular myocytes were subjected to whole cell patch clamp to record the hypotonicity activated chloride currents. Results:When the myocytes were exposed to hypotonic solution, an obvious whole cell currents were activated. The currents were inhibited by extracellular NPPB reversibly and significantly. The specific blocker for volume sensitive chloride channel , tamoxifen (50 ?mol/L), could apparently block the activity of this channel in a voltage dependent manner. Conclusions:Mouse cardiac ventricular myocytes process volume sensitive chloride channel which is sensitive to NPPB and tamoxifen.

Objective To determine the genetic background and evolutional route of macrolideresistance Streptococcus pneumoniae(MRSP)strains in Shanghai.Methods Forty-seven MRSP clinical isolates were genotyped by pulse field gel electrophoresis(PFGE)to detect the donal relationship of therm.Serotyping and muhilocus sequence typing(MIST)on 6 multi-resistant strains wag used to investigate the evolutional relationship between serum types and international epidemic strain among MRSP strains in Shanghai.Results There were 2 epidemical clones(type A 45%,type B 17%)in MRSP clinical isolates containing both the ermB and the mefE genes in Shanghai.MIST analysis showed that all 6 multi-resistant strains whose PFGE pattern was A type belonging to Asia clonal complex-CC236(Taiwan19F-14 clone).There was a novel ST-ST2116,which might derived from CC236 due to the recombination with alldic change.Conclusion,The high prevalence of erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae containing both the ermB and the mere genes in Shanghai is partly due to the clonal spread of a few mtdtidrng-resistant clones.

Objective To investigate the effect and significance of microglia/macrophage activation prior to cerebral ischemic preconditioning (CIP) in regulating toll-like receptors 2 (TLR2)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) inflammatory signaling pathway in early stage after ischemic brain injury in rats.Methods Thirty healthy male SD rats were selected and divided into normal control group,sham operation group,ischemia group,intervention group and treatment group according to random number table,with six rats per group.A rat model of focal permanent cerebral infarct was established by occlusion of middle cerebral artery (MCAO).CIP was performed by local ischemia-reperfusion.Minocycline was used to inhibit microglia/macrophage activation after CIP.Features of microglia/macrophage activation after CIP were detected by immunofluorescence; mRNA expressions of predominant factors (NF-κB inhibitor α,IκB-α;tumor necrosis factor α,TNF-α) of TLR2/NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway in parietal cerebral cortex by in situ hybridization method; death rate by Kaplan-meier survival curves; neurological deficits by a 5-point neurological scale; brain infarct size by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining.Results Microglia/macrophage started activation at one hour after cerebral ischemic injury in preconditioning group and presented a significant increase at 12 hours.Speed and range of activation were higher in preconditioning group than in ischemic group.IκB-α mRNA in preconditioning group started expression at one hour.TNF-α mRNA in preconditioning group remained a low expression in 12 hours and had a significantly lower peak value as compared with that in ischemic group (P ＜ 0.05).CIP increased rat survival rate significantly,improved nerve function and reduced infarction size when compared with the ischemia group (P ＜ 0.05).Minocycline inhibited nerve protection by CIP significantly (P ＜0.05).Conclusion CIP induces rapid activation of microglia/macrophage in early period of rat cerebral ischemic injury and provides brain protection probably via inhibition of TLR2/NF-κB activity and inflammatory overreaction to cerebral ischemia.

OBJECTIVE To identify the pop strain of Staphylococcus aureus hospital acquired infection by random amplification of polymorphic DNA(RAPD),and to study the molecular mechanism of antibiotic(resistance),so as to reduce the occurrence of drug resistance and infection acquired in hospital.METHODS 1.DNA from 21 strains of S.aureus were extracted by the phenol-chloroform method and analyzed by using arbitrary(primer) polymerase chain reaction(AP-PCR).2.Amplifying mecA,GyrA and GrlA by PCR,and testing the(variation) of these genes by using Hinf Ⅰ-digested analysis.RESULTS Twenty one S.aureus strains were divided into 3(genetic) types.Type Ⅰ is the pop strain in our hospital which including 12 strains.Fourteen from 17 clinical stains were resistant to meticillin and quinolones,of which 13 strains had mecA except isolate 13064.And they all had(variation) in(GyrA) and/or GrlA.CONCLUSIONS RAPD provides markers for the typing of clinical strains and is suitable for(molecular) epidemiologic studies with high type ability,powerful discrimination,simplicity and(rapidness). Type Ⅰ is the pop S.aureus strain in hospital-acquired infection of our hospital.The majority of these strains are multi-(resistant) to meticillin,quinolones and other antibiotics.

OBJECTIVE To study the molecular mechanism of antibiotic resistance in hospital acquired(Staphylococcus) epidermidis infection,so as to reduce the occurrence of drug resistance and infection(acquired) in hospital.METHODS DNA from 18 strains of S.epidermidis were extracted by the phenol-chloroform method,and mecA,gyrA and grlA were amplified by PCR,then the variation of gyrA and grlA was tested by Hinf Ⅰ-(digested)(analysis).RESULTS Fifteen from 18 S.epidermidis strains were resistant to meticillin,and all of them had mecA gene. Eleven from 18 S.epidermidis strains were resistant to meticillin,quinolones and other(antibiotics).And they all had a mutant in gyrA and/or grlA.The mutated spots were gyrA Ser84(TCA→TTA) and GrlA Ser80(TCC→TTC).CONCLUSIONS The majority of hospital acquired S.epidermidis strains are multi-resistant to meticillin,quinolones and other antibiotics,which are caused by acquirement of drug-resistance gene or(mutation) of drug-targeting genes.Medical institutions must strictly standardize the application of antibiotics to(reduce)(development) of drug resistance.

Objective To evaluate the influences of susceptibility interpretation of Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumonia and Proteus mirabilis in China mainland according to the old and new ceftazidime,cefotaxime and ceftriaxone breakpoints in CLSI M100-S20 and CLSI M100-S19. Methods First, We analyzed the antibacterial susceptibility results of the three bacteria by agar dilution method in the SEANIR surveillance item, which were collected from 15 national hospitals between the year of 2005 and 2007 and excluded the AmpC enzyme positive isolates according to the PGR-DNA sequencing method and/or the antibacterial susceptibility phenotype. ESBL phenotype was confirmed by the CLSI phenotypic confirmatory test. Antibacterial susceptibility of the total 2733 Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis isolates was retrospectively analyzed by WHONET 5. 4 software according to the breakpoints of the CLSI M100-S19 (S19) and CLSI M100-S20 (S20). Second, 207 isolates of Peking Union Medical College Hospital with the results of both agar dilution method and disk diffusion method were performed by recurrent analysis. Then we observed the inter-method agreement through the scatter diagram according to the breakpoints of S19 and S20. Results First, as to the ESBL positive Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Proteus mirabili.s, the resistant rate of cefotaxime increased from 65.2% , 55.5%, 14. 6% under S19 (64 μg/ml) to 99. 7%, 96. 2% , 93. 8% under S20 (4 μg/ml). The susceptibility rates decreased from 6. 0%, 11.5%, 33.3% under S19 (8 μg/ml) to 0%, 0. 2%, 0% under S20 ( 1 μg/ml). Ceftriaxone had the same trend as cefotaxime. Though ceftazidime was more active than cefotaxime and ceftriaxone, as to the ESBL positive Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia, the resistant rates slightly increased from 30. 3%,43. 2% under S19 (32 μg/ml) to42.0%, 56. 0% under S20 (16 μg/ml). The susceptibility rates slightly decreased from 58. 1%, 44. 1% under S19 (8 μg/ml) to 44. 7%, 28.0% under S20 (4 μg/ml). Second,as to the ESBL negative Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Proteus mirabilis, all the susceptibility rates of ceftazidime, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone were between 99. 2%-100. 0%, the resistant rate were between 0%-0. 4%. Third, the S20 MIC breakpoints had a good correspondence with the ESBL phenotype.Fourth, according to the recurrent analysis of MIC testing and disk dilution method, r value was 0. 67,0. 79, 0. 77 for ceftazidime, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone, respectively, and all P value were under 0. 01. The intermethod rates of S19 and S20 were both acceptable. Conclusions If the cefotaxime and ceftriaxone S20 new breakpoints were used, the concordance of antibacterial susceptibility results and ESBL phenotype would increase greatly. The clinician could select proper antibiotics according to the antibacterial susceptibility results and clinical symptoms. It is no longer necessary to edit results for cephalosporins, aztreonam, or penicillins from susceptible to resistant. However, until laboratories implement the new interpretive criteria,ESBL testing should be performed as described in Supplemental Table 2A-S1. The relationship between the new breakpoints of ceftazidime and clinical outcomes need to be further evaluated.

Objective:To evaluate the ability of Sysmex urine automatic analyzer UF-5000 to detect renal tubular epithelial cells, and to explore the value of detection of renal tubular epithelial cells in renal tubular injury of diabetes mellitus.Methods:Case control study. 452 urine samples were collected from the third Xiangya Third Hospital of Central South University from October 2018 to April 2019 (252 in the control group, 113 in diabetes without renal injury group and 87 in diabetes with renal injury group). All samples were detected by both UF-5000 and microscopic examination, established reference range for normal population, then contrasted the coincidence rate and uniformity of the two methods, to evaluate the ability of urine automatic analyzer UF-5000 to detect renal tubular epithelial cells, and the diagnostic value of tubular epithelial cells for renal tubular injury in diabetic patients. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS17.0, Kappa consistency analysis, ROC curve analysis, Kruskal-Wallis test and Chi-square test were used.Results:The reference range of renal tubular epithelial cells by Sysmex urine automatic analyzer UF-5000 is 0-1.7/μl. The results of the two methods were analyzed by Kappa consistency analysis. The Kappa value was 0.699, P>0.05, which meant highly consistent. ROC curve analysis showed when cut-off value was 1.7/μl. The sensitivity, specificity and area under ROC curve were 0.791, 0.817 and 0.861 respectively. The median of renal tubular epithelial cells was 0.4/μl, 2.0/μl and 2.3/μl in the healthy control group, the diabetes without renal injury group and the diabetes with renal injury group, respectively; the positive rate of renal tubular epithelial cells in the three groups were 2.78%, 56.64% and 75.86% respectively. Compared with the control group, the median and positive rate of renal tubular epithelial cells in the diabetes without renal injury group and the diabetes with renal injury group were significant different; there was also significant difference in the positive rate of renal tubular epithelial cells between the two groups. Conclusion:Compared with the control group, the positive rate of urine renal tubular epithelial cells indiabetes without renal injury group is significantly higher, which is helpful to detect renal tubular injury, to carry out early intervention and to prolong the time of progression to chronic kidney disease.

A spatial-temporal convolutional neural network-based method is proposed for schizophrenia classification.Unlike the mainstream methods that only analyze the temporal frequency features in EEG and ignore the spatial features between brain regions,the model mainly obtains the spatial-frequency features by convolving the adjacency matrix composed of wavelet coherence coefficients between different channels and EEG sequences,and then extracts the temporal-frequency features through one-dimensional temporal convolution.The processed matrix is flattened after multiple convolutions and input to the classification model.Experimental results show that the method has a classification accuracy of 96.32%on the publicly available dataset Zenodo,demonstrating its effectiveness and exhibiting the advantages of fusing temporal-frequency and spatial-frequency features for schizophrenia diagnosis.

Objective To evaluate the performance of modified Hodge test on the detection of carbapenemases among Enterobacteriaceae with decreased susceptibility to carbapenems. Methods Fortynine Enterobacteriaceae isolates with decreased susceptibility to carbapenems ( MIC of imipenem, meropenem or ertapenem was ≥ 2 μg/ml ) were collected from 16 teaching hospitals from 2004 to 2008. MICs of imipenem, meropenem and etapenem were determined by agar dilution method. Carbapenemases were detected by modified Hodge test. Carbepenemase-causing positive results and AmpCs-causing positive results were differentiated by phenyl boronic acid and oxacillin. Beta-lactamases encoding genes including blaNDM-1were detected by PCR and sequencing. Results Thirty-six of 49 isolates were non-susceptible to imipenem (MIC >4 μg/ml), 31 were non-susceptible to meropenem (MIC > 4 μg/ml) and 47 were non-susceptible to ertapenem (MIC > 2 μg/ml). Twenty-three isolates showed positive modified Hodge test result, including 9 weak-positive results and 14 strong-positive results. Through PCR detection and sequencing, 2 out of 9 isolates showing weak-positive results carried blaKPC-2 and other 7 did not carry any carbapenemase genes but AmpCs/ESBLs genes. Among the 14 isolates showing strong-positive results, 4 carried blaKPC-2, 8 carried blaIMP-4 and 2 caried blaIMP-8. All 26 isolates with negative modified Hodge test result didn't carry any carbapenemase genes. No isolate carried blaNDM-1. Carbapenemases genes PCR detection was regarded as a gold standard, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of modified hodge test was 100%, 79%, 70% and 100% on the detection of carbapenemases among Enterobacteriaceae with decreased susceptibility to carbapenems. Conclusions Modified Hodge test revealed great sensitivity but showed a few false positive results. True and false positive results can be effectively differentiated by phynel boronic acid and oxacillin.