Objective To explore the diagnostic value of full-field digital mammography (FFDM) combined with digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) in breast diseases.Methods 506 patients receiving mammary gland molybdenum target inspection from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014 were selected.The images from FFDM and DBT were analyzed, respectively.The breast imaging reports and pathological results were compared to investigate the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of FFDM, DBT alone and combined use of DBT and FFDM.Results The results of preoperative mammography in the 506 women (bilateral breast) were as follows: FFDM combined with DBT detected 202 benign cases (39.9%) and 304 malignant cases (60.1%);FFDM alone detected 194 benign cases (38.3%) and 312 malignant cases (61.7%);DBT alone detected 187 benign cases (37.0%) and 319 malignant cases (63.0%).Pathologically, 214 benign cases (42.3%) were detected and 292 malignant cases (57.7%).In terms of the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, The combined use of DBT combined with FFDM was the best, followed by FFDM alone and DBT alone.Conclusion The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of FFDM combined with DBT for diagnosis are better than those of FFDM alone or DBT alone.

Objective · To design and synthesize five new tropane compounds, and test their antagonistic activity against M3 receptor and inhibition activity to neutrophil elastase (NE), of which the structure-activity relationship were preliminarily investigated. Methods · The five compounds, A1-A3,B1 and C1, were prepared with 3α-hydroxy-tropane (A0) as the starting material by modifying the structure in C-3α position and N atom on the tropane skeleton. The antagonistic activity of the compounds to muscarinic M3 receptors on tracheal rings of guinea pigs was evaluated by functional assays in vitro. The hydrolysis of PGlu-Pro-Val-PNA as substrate was catalyzed by NE to get colorful nitroaniline (PNA). The NE inhibition activity of the tropane compounds was obtained by determining the absorbance [(D(405 nm)] of PNA. Results · The five new tropane compounds generated strong antagonistic activity against M3 receptors. Among them, A2 had the greatest activity [antagonistic parameter pA2(M3)=9.004], and elicited obvious inhibitory effect to NE (inhibition ratio YA2=20.29%). Conclusion · Introducing strong electron-attraction group, such as sulfuryl and hydrophobic group with large volume into C-3α position on the tropane skeleton can improve the M3 receptor antagonistic activity as well as the NE inhibition activity.

AIM To study the effects of No.1 Weiyan Decoction (Codonopsis Radix,Paeoniae Radix alba,Taraxaci Herba,etc.) on hypoxia and hypoxic tolerance in gastric mucosal epithelial cells in rats with precancerous lesion of gastric cancer (PLGC).METHODS Forty rats were randomly divided into normal,model,Vitacoenzyme Tablets and No.1 Weiyan Decoction groups.Except for the normal group,the rats in the other groups were given with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and Little Chengqi Decoction to establish a PLGC rat model.Ten weeks after the administration,the gastric mucosal epithelial microvascular ultrastructure was observed,the expressions of Hif1a mRNA,HIF-1 α protein and VEGF protein in gastric mucosal epithelium were detected.RESULTS Compared with the normal group,the number of microvasculatures in gastric mucosal epithelium was decreased;lumen was severely stenosed or expansive;inner wall was not smooth and had adhesion;vascular endothelial cells were swollen;the expression of Hif1α mRNA showed an increasing trend;the expressions of HIF-1α protein and VEGF protein were anomalous in the model group.Compared with the model group,the gastric mucosal vascular lesion of PLGC rats was improved,and the expressions of Hif1a mRNA,HIF-1α protein and VEGF protein were significantly decreased in the No.1 Weiyan Decoction group.CONCLUSION No.1 Weiyan Decoction can improve hypoxia and hypoxia tolerance,and induce angiogenesis in gastric mucosal epithelium in PLGC rats.

Objective To study the effect of multidisciplinary rehabilitation nursing on the number of acute exacerbation, quality of life and pulmonary function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods A total of 1088 cases of COPD patients admitted to department of respiratory medicine from February 2015 to July 2016 were divided into the study group and the control group by random digits table method, 544 cases in each group. The control group was given COPD related health education and routine care. The study group was given comprehensive rehabilitation of multidisciplinary lung care. After 1 years, the mental status, dyspnea grade improvement, acute exacerbation and 6 min walk test distance (6MWD) were compared between the two groups. Results One year after intervention, 6MWD and the times of acute exacerbation in the study group were (450.32 ± 67.21)m and (0.37 ± 0.28) times, and (394.12 ± 63.17)m and (2.08 ± 1.65) times in the control group, the study group was better than the control group (t=2.064, 2.029, P<0.05). One year after intervention, the scores of mental state, function, symptom were 1.76 ± 1.02, 1.69 ± 1.01, 1.61 ± 0.79 in the study group respectively, and 2.10 ± 1.08, 2.08 ± 2.03, 1.79 ± 0.80 in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (t=2.051, 2.017, 2.103, P<0.05). Conclusions After comprehensive nursing intervention of multidisciplinary rehabilitation, COPD patients can not only have obvious improvement in lung function, but also reduce the frequency of acute exacerbation of COPD.

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between nasal anatomic abnormalities and the bacteria infection status of maxillary sinus. METHOD: The anatomic abnormalities of 115 cases of maxillary sinuses were detected with the CT images and confirmed with chronic infection, which were divided into two groups: high anatomic abnormality group and low anatomic abnormality group. The sinusal contents were sent to bacteria culture, compare the bacteria infection rate and the distribution of bacteria between the two groups. RESULT: The bacteria positive rate of the high anatomic abnormality group and low anatomic abnormality group was 90.32% and 56.60% (P < 0.01) respectively. The contribution of gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria are 47.76% and 52.24% in high anatomic abnormality group, 62.16% and 37.84% in low anatomic abnormality group. CONCLUSION Nasal anatomic abnormalities can improve the bacteria infectious rate of maxillary sinuses. High anatomic abnormality may more induces gram-negative bacteria infections,while low anatomic abnormality may more induces gram-positive bacteria infections.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bacterial Infections ; etiology ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Nose ; abnormalities ; Sinusitis ; microbiology ; Young Adult

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effect of macrophage foaming by Yinlan Tianzhi formula (YLTZ) and to explain its effects on lipid-induced inflammation and LXRα-ABCA1 signal pathway. Methods: The model of macrophage foaming was induced by incubating the RAW264.7 cells or BMMs with ox-LDL (50 mg·L-1). The serum containing YLTZ was prepared. The cells were divided into blank group, model group, and drug group. After drug intervention, MTT method was used to detect cell proliferation. The lipid accumulation in cells was observed by oil red O staining, and GPO-PAP method was used to determine the total cholesterol content in cells. Protein and mRNA levels were determined by Western blot and RT- qPCR. Results: Compared with control group, after YLTZ treatment, the lipid level was significantly decreased, and the level of mRNA and protein of LXRα and ABCA1 were significant increased. The expression of inflammatory factor COX2 and iNOS was significantly decreased. Conclusion: YLTZ inhibits macrophage foaming through enhancing LXRα-ABCA1 pathway and suppressing of inflammatory response.

Objective:To observe the recovery of exercise tolerance among stroke survivors using the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and analyze the factors influencing it.Methods:A total of 81 stroke survivors hospitalized in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of our hospital in year 2018 and 2019 were selected. The general clinical data of all patients were collected retrospectively and combined with the data from CPET to establish a data set. Version 25.0 of the SPSS software was used for multiple linear regressions analysis, with the peak oxygen uptake as the dependent variable, and the age, Brunnstrom stage, peak power, peak heart rate, peak respiratory exchange ratio, peak breathing reserve, peak ventilation per minute, the slope of the VE-VCO 2 curve (ΔVE/ΔVCO 2) and peak end tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide as independent variables. Results:Stroke survivors at Brunnstrom stage III Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ or higher decreased sequentially with their age, but their peak oxygen uptake increased gradually. The multiple linear regression model constructed by " stepwise method" showed that the fitted multiple linear regression equation was statistically significant ( F=100.228, P<0.001). Moreover, the average peak power, peak heart rate, peak ventilation per minute and the slope of the VE-VCO 2 curve were all found to be significant independent predictors of peak oxygen uptake in these stroke survivors. Conclusions:Skeletal muscle power, cardiac function, pulmonary ventilation and ventilation efficiency are useful independent predictors of the exercise tolerance of stroke survivors.

Colorectal cancer （CRC）， a most common malignant tumor of the digestive tract， is often manifested by abdominal pain， changes in stool quality， blood in the stool， and weight loss， with rising morbidity and mortality year by year. The onset and development of CRC involve a variety of mechanisms， in which tumor microenvironment （TME） and tumor-associated macrophages （TAMs） have received increasing attention. TAMs influence the tumor development via immune escape and angiogenesis promotion and are associated with the prognosis of tumors. In recent years， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has been widely researched and applied in the treatment of cancers. Studies have discovered that TCM mainly exerts the therapeutic effects on CRC by inhibiting the proliferation， metastasis， and angiogenesis， promoting the apoptosis， and inducing autophagy of tumor cells and boosting the immune function. TCM as an effective treatment approach can regulate TAMs to inhibit tumor growth. Moreover， the active components and targets of TCM can be taken as new research directions of immunotherapy. This review describes TAMs and their roles in CRC progression and summarizes the molecular targets and mechanisms of different active components， compound prescriptions， and novel preparations of TCM against CRC， aiming to provide a mechanism reference for the clinical treatment of CRC with TCM and give new insights into the in-depth research on the prevention and treatment of CRC-related diseases with TCM.

OBJECTIVETo retrospectively analyze the data of the patients with Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw over the past five years in our hospital.

METHODSTwenty-four patients with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw treated in our hospital from 2009 to 2013 were included. The medication, bisphosphonate types, clinical signs and symptom, treatment methods and results were also analyzed.

RESULTSOf the 24 cases, 20 cases suffered from malignant tumors and received intravenous infusion of bisphosphonates and 4 cases took oral bisphosphonates. Three of the 4 cases with osteoporosis had history of glucocorticoid (rheumatoid arthritis). All patients had oral clinical symptoms for an average of 11.6 months, and 19 patients had the history of tooth extraction. There were 11 cases with mandible involved, 10 cases with maxilla involved, and 3 cases with both mandible and maxilla involved. After conservative treatment (3 cases) or operation (21 cases), 10 cases had wound healing, 6 cases were stable with bone exposure, and 4 cases with died bone needed reoperation. During the follow-up period, there was one patient died of primary disease (renal carcinoma).

CONCLUSIONSBoth intravenous and oral application routes of bisphosphonates can induce osteonecrosis of the jaw. Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw can be caused by alveolar trauma. The treatment modality is to relieve the clinical symptoms of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.

Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw ; complications ; pathology ; therapy ; Bone Density Conservation Agents ; Diphosphonates ; Glucocorticoids ; Humans ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Osteoporosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tooth Extraction ; Wound Healing