AIM: To establish HPLC for the determination of icariin and adenosine in Cordyceps Vigorine Tablet. METHODS:MetaChem Polaris ODS C18-A column(4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) was adopted; acetonitrile-water was the mobile phase; detection wavelength was set at 272 nm for icariin and at 260 nm for adenosine; column linearity within the range of 0. 374-2. 246 μg for icariin and 0. 348-1. 392 μg for adenosine, respectively. The average recovery and RSD were found to be (99.4 ± 1.84) % for icariin ( n = 6), (99.63 ± 1.29 ) % for adenosine,respectively. CONCLUSION: The method is convenient, fast, reliable to operate and suitable for the quality control of Cordyceps Vigorine Tablet.

Objective To investigate possible mechanism of Ginsenoside Rg1 on dopaminergic nigral neurons apoptosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) and its protective effect.Methods C57BL/6N mice were administrated with 1-Methy-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyri-dine (MPTP) to produce chronic PD model,PD mice were observed in behavioral changes.The expression levels of caspase-3 and TH in ventral midbrain were studied with immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.Apoptotic cell numbers were determined by TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL).Results In group treated with Ginsenoside Rg1,the number of TH-positive neurons in SN was only decreased by 31% as compared with the control group (55%)(P<0.01),the expression of caspase-3 was apparently decreased and major expressed in the cytosol of nigral neurons and TUNEL positive cells in SN decreased (P<0.01).Conclusion The neuroprotective effect of Ginsenoside Rg1 on dopaminergic nigral neurons apoptosis of the mice model of Parkinson's disease induced by MPTP is significant,Decreased expression of Caspase-3 may be the major mechanism of Ginsenoside Rg1 for antiapoptosis.

Objective To explore the clinical application of material decomposition technique on spectral CT imaging and evaluate hemodynamic changes in different liver lobes with liver cirrhosis.Methods 30 patients with liver cirrhosis diagnosed clinically in our hospital were collected and underwent enhanced scanning of abdomen with spectral CT protocol.The monochromatic energy images and iodine-based material decomposition (MD) images were reconstructed after scanning.The iodine concentration (IC) was measured in five liver lobes (the caudate, left lateral, left inner, right anterior and right posterior lobes) and the abdominal aorta of the same axial slice in both the arterial phase (AP) and portal venous phase (VP) on the iodine-water based material decomposition images.The arterial iodine fraction (AIF) and the portal venous iodine concentration (PVIC) as well as the normalized iodine concentration (NIC) during the AP and VP were calculated.The differences of IC,the NIC,the AIF,and the PVIC in five liver lobes in AP and VP were compared by using single factor analysis of variance.Results The IC,the NIC in both AP and VP and the AIF of the caudate liver lobe were higher than those of other four liver lobes, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05), while these values in the other four lobes showed no statistically significant difference (P>0.05).The PVIC of the caudate liver lobe was slightly lower than that of the other four liver lobes, however, the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.929).Conclusion The quantitative iodine concentration measurement of liver lobes on spectral CT material decomposition technique can evaluate the hemodynamic changes in liver lobes with liver cirrhosis,and provide more information about the change of blood flow in liver cirrhosis.

Background and purpose:Exploration of the effective early diagnostic and prognostic markers of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has important scientiifc signiifcance and clinical value. Recently, the role of long chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in the tumor attracts widespread attention. This study intended to investigate the level of lncRNA HOTTIP in NSCLC, the effect of HOTTIP on cell proliferation and its mechanisms.Methods:Expression of lncRNA HOTTIP in tumor and their matched non-tumor tissues were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in NSCLC patients. Then, we analyzed the potential correlation of lncRNA HOTTIP expression levels in tumor tissues with clinicopathological features of NSCLC and clinical outcome. The effects of HOTTIP on NSCLC cell proliferation and apoptosis were tested usingin vitro MTT and lfow cytometric assays. Western blot method was uesd to detect the expressions of proteins.Results:LncRNA HOTTIP expression level was signiifcantly decreased in NSCLC tissues in comparison to adjacent non-tumor tissues (P<0.05). It was also proved that HOTTIP expression was associat-ed with NSCLC histological grade and lymph node metastasis. Moreover, knockdown of HOTTIP expression in A549 cell line decreased proliferation and enhanced apoptosis compared with transfected negative control. Western blot assay showed that the level of Bax protein was signiifcantly increased, whereas Bcl-2 was signiifcantly decreased in HOT-TIP-silencing A549 cell.Conclusion:HOTTIP is a novel prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic candidate forNSCLC.

Objective To separate and purify intrahepatic macrophages from Microtus fortis Mf and identify its phagocy?tosis. Methods The intrahepatic macrophages from Mf were separated and purified by perfusion collagenase digestion and density gradient centrifugation. The function of the cells was identified by FACS analysis and ink phagocytosis activity. Results The macrophage cells from the liver of Mf were obtained. These cells were bright and circular and grew adhering to the wall. The proportion of the living cells was 95%. The binding rate of these cells from Mf with anti?mouse CD14 antibody Clone Sa2?8 was about 50%of the rate of macrophage from C57BL/6 mice with this monoclonal antibody. The result of ink?phagocytosis ex?periment of macrophage cells from the liver of Mf was positive. Conclusion The method above mentioned is useful to separate and purify macrophage from the liver of Mf. The study builds the foundation for further research on macrophages of Mf against Schistosoma japonicum.

Objective:To clarify the indications and efficacy after simultaneous surgical treatment in gastric cancer patients with synchronous hepatic metastases (GCHM).Methods:A total of 21 GCHM patients who underwent D2 gastrectomy with R0 hepatic resection (11 cases) or non-R0 hepatic resection (10 cases) from March 2004 to April 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.The clinicopathological characteristics and survival were compared between the two groups.Results:Cumulative survival rate was improved in R0 hepatic resection group compared with non-R0 hepatic resection group:1-year (54.5％ vs 48.0％),2-year(27.3％ vs 0％),and 5-year(27.3％ vs 0％,P=0.044).The median survival time in R0 hepatic resection group and non-R0 hepatic resection group were 16.2 and 5.9 months (P=0.008).Univariate analysis revealed that Bormann's classification (P=0.010) and state of regional lymph node (P=0.004) were significant predictive factors regarding cumulative survival rate.However,there was no significant prognostic factor (P=0.031) in multivariate analysis might partly owing to interaction among them and/or a small number of patients.Conclusion:Multidisciplinary treatments based on R0 hepatic resection combined with D2 gastrectomy could improve survival in selected GCHM patients.

Objective To compare the virtual non-enhanced chest CT (VNCT)generated from spectral CT with conventional non-enhanced chest CT in patients with lung disease in terms of CT number accuracy and image quality.Methods A total of 30 patients with lung disease proved by pathology underwent the conventional non-enhanced thoracic CT and contrast enhanced CT with spectral imaging mode in arterial phase (AP)and venous phase (VP).The VNCT images were reconstructed based on the enhanced spectral CT imaging data.The mean CT number,signal to noise ratio (SNR)for the lesions and image quality score were obtained and compared between the true non-contrast CT (TNCT)and the VNCT (including AP and VP)with paired t test.Results The mean±standard deviation for CT number were (38.74±5.17)HU,(39.08±5.07)HU and (38.96± 5.18)HU for TNCT,VNCT at AP and VNCT at VP,respectively, with no statistical difference (P>0.05).All 3 sets of images demonstrated acceptable image quality,even though there were statistically significant differences in the SNR value and image quality score.The mean ± standard deviation values for SNR were 4.74±0.42 with TNCT, 3.79 ± 0.5 1 with VNCT at AP and 3.77 ± 0.39 with VNCT at VP (P <0.05),and the image quality scores were 5.00 ±0.00 with TNCT,4.17±0.65 with VNCT at AP and 4.17±0.53 with VNCT at VP (P<0.05).Conclusion In patients with lung disease,the vir-tual non-enhanced CT images generated from spectral CT provide accurate CT numbers for lesions and acceptable image quality com-pared with the true non-contrast CT.VNCT may be used to replace TNCT to improve work flow and reduce radiation dose.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of spectral CT monochromatic imaging in improvement of imaging quality of bronchial arteries.Methods We retrospevtively analyzed the chest CT images in 38 patients who underwent the contrast-enhanced spectral CT.These images included a set of 140 kVp polychromatic images and default 70 keV monochromatic images.Using a standard Gemstone Spectral Imaging (GSI)viewer at an advanced workstation (AW4.6),an optimal energy level (in keV)for obtai-ning the best CNR of the bronchial artery could be automatically obtained.The SNR,CNR and objective imaging quality score for these 3 imaging sets (140 kVp,70 keV and optimal energy level)were obtained and compared with one-way ANOVA .Results The optimal energy levels for obtaining the best CNR were (62.58±2.74)keV.The SNR of the 140 kVp polychromatic images,70 keV monochromatic images,and the optimal keV monochromatic images were 1 6.44±5.85,20.96 ±8.32 and 24.91 ±9.91,the CNR were 13.30±5.45,1 7.25±6.97 and 20.67±8.62,and the subjective imaging quality scores were 1.97 ±0.82,3.24±0.75 and 4.47±0.60,respectively,exhibiting significant differences among groups (F =10.1 7,10.1 7 and 1 1 1.12,P <0.00).The optimal monochromatic group was superior to the 70 keV group and the 140 kVp mixed-energy group.Conclusion Monochromatic images at approximately 62 keV in dual-energy spectral CTA yields the best CNR and highest diagnostic confidence for imaging bronchial ar-teries,which may improve imaging quality for imaging bronchial arteries.

Objective: To estimate the blood concentration of isoflurane with the inspired andexpired concentrations during laparoscopic surgery. Methods: 2 sections were divided in this experiment: section 1:23 adult patients (ASA I～II)were received abdominal surgeries,of whom,12 patients for non-laparoscopic surgeries and the others for laparoscopic surgeries. Central venous blood samples were collected for gas chromatography determination 20, 40, 60, 80 min after inhalating isoflurane . We could receive two different F value (the fraction of uptake of isoflurane)through the formula. Section 2: 27 patients were recruited for abdominal surgeries, 13 for laparoscopic surgeries and the others for non-laparoscopic surgeries. All of the processes were the same as the former. Then we confirm the results obtained from section1. Results: The F was 0.52 in the laparoscopic surgeries and 0.44 in the nonlaparoscopic surgeries. In the laparoscopic surgeries, the bias (MDPE) was 17% , accuracy (MDAPE)was 22.88% and the wobble was 11.7% .The correlation coefficient (r)was 0.83. In the nonlaparoscopic surgeries, the MDPE was 5.37% , the MDAPE was 16.02% , the wobble was 15.86% .The correlation coefficient was 0.90. Conclusion: The formula could be used in abdominal surgeries to evaluate the concentration of isoflurane according to the clinical standard of MDPE

PurposeTo explore the feasibility of personalized energy spectrum scanning in upper abdomen CT by comparing the image quality and radiation dose of optimizing choice spectrum scanning protocol with conventional 120 kVp scan.Material and Methods Sixty patients undergoing abdominal CT scan with and without contrast enhancement were prospectively collected and randomly assigned into two groups. Group A (30 patients) underwent conventional 120 kVp scan and spectral enhancement scanning; group B (30 patients) underwent spectrum scan and 120 kVp enhancement scanning. Spectral scanning protocol was based on individual choice with conventional 120 kVp NI10-5 mm average mAs scan for every patient. The CT dose index of volume (CTDIvol) and effective dose (ED) during non-contrast phase and portal venous phase were recorded. The CT value, standard deviation (SD), signal noise ratio (SNR) and contrast noise ratio (CNR) were measured in the liver parenchyma, spleen parenchyma and portal venous trunk.Results The CTDIvol and ED of spectrum scanning were less than 120 kVp scan but there was no statistical difference (P>0.05). The SD of group B GSI imaging was less than group A 120 kVp (P<0.05), while the SNR was greater than group A. The SD of group A GSI portal venous phase in the liver, spleen and portal vein was less than group B 120 kVp (P<0.05).ConclusionThe optimized energy spectrum scanning protocol can reduce radiation dose with quality of single energy image from the energy spectrum equal to or better than the conventional 120 kVp scanning protocol. Personalized energy spectrum scan protocol provides multi-parameter diagnosis and multi-application platform and can be used routinely in the upper abdomen scan.