OBJECTIVE: To investigate kinetic expression of genes T-bet and GATA-3 in blood mononuclear cells (BMCs) in allergic rhinitis rats model at different stages of development of allergic rhinitis. METHOD: Twenty SD rats (including 10 male and 10 female) were divided into 2 groups, experimental group and control group, randomly, 10 rats for each group. Ten rats in experimental group were sensitized and intranasally challenged by OVA, aluminium hydroxide hydrate gel and Bordelella pertussis inactive microorganism suspension (B. pertussis) adjuvants, as allergic rhinitis models, Ten rats in control group were investigated using physiological saline only. BMCs were separated from 2 ml blood which was extracted from rat heart at the end of sensitization, 10- hour after the first challenge and 10-hour after the final challenge, respectively. RT-PCR was utilized to detect the expression of T-bet and GATA-3. RESULT: At the end of sensitization, 10-hour after the first challenge and 10-hour after the final challenge, in experimental group, Relative quantitation of expression of T-bet was 0.404 +/- 0.187, 1.676 +/- 0.708, 0.503 +/- 0.514 and that of GATA-3 was 0.434 +/- 0.147, 0.600 +/- 0.480, 1.029 +/- 0.690, respectively. While, In control group, Relative quantitation of expression of T-bet was 0.487 +/- 0.212, 0.486 +/- 0.148, 0.495 +/- 0.103 and and its of GATA-3 was 0.596 +/- 0.249, 0.474 +/- 0.101, 0.550 +/- 0.119, respectively. At 10-hour after the first challenge, relative quantitation of expression of T-bet in experimental group was increased markedly and there was significant difference compared with contol group (t=4.18, P<0.01). In experimental group, The amount of expression of T-bet at 10-hour after first challenge was higher than it at 10-hour after the final challenge and there was markedly difference (t=5.14, P<0.01). The amount of expression of T-bet at 10-hour after first challenge was increased significantly compared with it at the end of sensitization (t= 5.27, P<0.01). while, the expression of GATA-3 at 10-hour after final challenge was markedly increased compared with it at the end of sensitization (t= 3.51, P<0.05) and was higher than it at 10-hour after first challenge (t=2.53, P<0.05). At 10-hour after final challenge, The amount of expression of GATA-3 in experimental group was significantly higher than it in control group (t=2.71, P<0.05). However, both the expression of GATA-3 and T-bet had not markedly changed in control group. CONCLUSION It is thought that the development of allergic rhinitis is a successive and sequencing kinetic course, and imbalance of expression of GATA-3 and T-bet may be genetic base on allergic rhinitis, both GATA-3 and T-bet were involved in allergic rhinitis only in different phase of development of allergic rhinitis.
Animals ; Asthma ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; GATA3 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rhinitis ; metabolism ; T-Box Domain Proteins ; metabolism

Objective:To analyze the mediating effect of psychological capital (PsyCap) between occupational stress and suicidal ideation.Methods:In September 2017, stratified-cluster sampling method was adopted to select employees of an electronic manufacturing service industry as respondents for a questionnaire survey in Jiangsu province. The demographic characteristics of employees were collected. A total of 2 465 employees were investigated, and 2 216 valid questionnaires were collected. The level of occupational stress and PsyCap was assessed by the Effort-Reward Imbalance Scale(ERI)and PsyCap Questionnaire.Results:The age of 2 216 employees was (28.70±5.26) years old, including 1 230 males (55.5%). The scores of occupational stress on effort, reward and over-commitment were (3.08±0.63), (3.73±0.60) and (2.51±0.68), respectively. The average ERI index (ratio of effort to return) was (0.88±0.39). The total score of PsyCap was (86.62±15.23). The detection rate of suicidal ideation within two weeks was 13.9% (309/2 216). The average score of effort and over-commitment and the ERI index were positively correlated with the number of suicidal ideation detected within two weeks, with correlation coefficients about 0.081, 0.141 and 0.164, respectively. The average score of reward and total score of PsyCap were negatively correlated with the number of suicidal ideation detected within two weeks, with correlation coefficients about -0.206 and -0.228, respectively. The mediating effect results showed that PsyCap had mediating effect on the effort, reward, over-commitment and suicidal ideation of occupational stress respectively, with mediating effect values of -0.087 (95% CI: -0.018,-0.019), -0.299 (95% CI: -0.428,-0.200) and 0.096 (95% CI: 0.0394, -0.170). The mediating effect percentages were 9.43%, 17.92%, and 9.54%, respectively. Conclusion:PsyCap has a mediating effect between effort, reward, over-commitment of occupational stress and suicidal ideation.

Objective:To analyze the mediating effect of psychological capital (PsyCap) between occupational stress and suicidal ideation.Methods:In September 2017, stratified-cluster sampling method was adopted to select employees of an electronic manufacturing service industry as respondents for a questionnaire survey in Jiangsu province. The demographic characteristics of employees were collected. A total of 2 465 employees were investigated, and 2 216 valid questionnaires were collected. The level of occupational stress and PsyCap was assessed by the Effort-Reward Imbalance Scale(ERI)and PsyCap Questionnaire.Results:The age of 2 216 employees was (28.70±5.26) years old, including 1 230 males (55.5%). The scores of occupational stress on effort, reward and over-commitment were (3.08±0.63), (3.73±0.60) and (2.51±0.68), respectively. The average ERI index (ratio of effort to return) was (0.88±0.39). The total score of PsyCap was (86.62±15.23). The detection rate of suicidal ideation within two weeks was 13.9% (309/2 216). The average score of effort and over-commitment and the ERI index were positively correlated with the number of suicidal ideation detected within two weeks, with correlation coefficients about 0.081, 0.141 and 0.164, respectively. The average score of reward and total score of PsyCap were negatively correlated with the number of suicidal ideation detected within two weeks, with correlation coefficients about -0.206 and -0.228, respectively. The mediating effect results showed that PsyCap had mediating effect on the effort, reward, over-commitment and suicidal ideation of occupational stress respectively, with mediating effect values of -0.087 (95% CI: -0.018,-0.019), -0.299 (95% CI: -0.428,-0.200) and 0.096 (95% CI: 0.0394, -0.170). The mediating effect percentages were 9.43%, 17.92%, and 9.54%, respectively. Conclusion:PsyCap has a mediating effect between effort, reward, over-commitment of occupational stress and suicidal ideation.

Objective:To discuss the effects of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine(5-Aza-CdR)on autophagy and apoptosis of the TPC-1 cells in subcutaneous xenograft tumor tissue of the nude mice,and to clarify its mechanism.Methods:Sixteen female BALB/c nude mice were inoculated with human papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)TPC-1 cells in the right axilla to establish the xenograft tumor model.After tumor formation,the mice were randomly divided into control group and experiment group(n=8).The nude mice in control group were given an intraperitoneal injection of saline,while the nude mice in experiment group were given the intraperitoneal injection of 5-Aza-CdR,administered once every other day for four weeks.The growth status of xenograft tumor of the mice in both groups was observed,and the mice were sacrificed after the final administration and the tumor weights of the nude mice in two groups were detected.HE staining was used to observe the pathomorphology of xenograft tumor tissue of the nude mice in both groups;immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression levels of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3(LC3),B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2),and Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax)in xenograft tumor tissue of the nude mice in two groups;real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)and Western blotting methods were used to detect the expression levels of LC3,Beclin-1,Bcl-2,Bax,mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase(MEK),extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1(ERK1),extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2(ERK2),phosphorylated EPK1(p-ERK1),and phosphorylated EPK2(p-ERK2)mRNA and proteins in xenograft tumor tissue of the nude mice in two groups.Results:Compared with control group,the tumor volume and weight of the nude mice in experiment group were significantly decreased(P＜0.01).The number of cancer cells of the nude mice in control group was high,and the cells were densely arranged,with irregular shapes,clear nuclear staining,large overlapping nuclei,and lobulation,showing significant pathological mitotic figures consistent with PTC pathological characteristics.The number of cancer cells of the nude mice in experiment group showed a significant decresing trend,and the cells were sparse arrangement,nuclear shrinkage,and less distinct nuclei,with a significant increase in connective tissue.Compared with control group,the expression levels of LC3B and Beclin-1 mRNA and proteins in xenograft tumor tissue of the nude mice in experiment group were significantly increased(P＜0.05)and the ratio of and Bax/Bcl-2 was increased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),while the expression levels of MEK,ERK1/2,and p-ERK1/2 mRNA and proteins were significantly decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion:5-Aza-CdR can inhibit the growth of TPC-1 cells in subcutaneous xenograft tumor tissue of the nude mice,induce the autophagy,and promote the apoptosis of the tumor cells.The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)/MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)signaling pathways.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and radiographic characteristics of ethmomaxillary sinus (EMS) in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients by CT scan, as well as their endoscopic surgical significance in antrostomy. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 111 CRS patients who were prepared for surgery in Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of Peking University People′s Hospital from February to December of 2017 was performed. In all CRS patients, 79 patients were bilateral CRS and 32 were unilateral. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they had history of surgery. Only the sides with CRS were analyzed. There were 98 patients (167 sides) in the non-surgical history group and 13 patients (23 sides) in the surgical history group. The prevalence of EMS in CRS sides in the two groups was counted by analyzing the CT images. The CT image features and anatomical variations associated with EMS in CRS sides in the non-surgical history group were also analyzed. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistic analysis. Results: The prevalence of EMS in CRS sides was 21.7% (5/23) in the surgical history group and 12.0% (20/167) in the non-surgical history group. No statistically significant difference in the prevalence of EMS was found between the two groups (χ²=0.940, P>0.05). The medial-lateral diameters of the EMS ranged from 8.50 to 14.10 mm with an average of (10.38±1.69) mm (Mean±SD). The shape of the bony septum between the EMS and maxillary sinus was divided into three types: convex toward to the EMS (2 sides), convex toward to maxillary sinus (5 sides) and flat (13 sides). The Lund-Mackay (LM) scores of the maxillary sinuses in patients with and without EMS showed no statistically significant difference (1.60±0.50 vs 1.40±0.62, Z=1.285, P>0.05). The EMS obstructed the drainage of maxillary sinus posteriorly, medially and superiorly. All the EMS in diseased sides were dissected endoscopicly to improve drainage. In the non-surgical history group, the EMS coexisting anatomic variations were the Onodi cell (7/20), Haller cell (3/20), concha bullosa (6/20) and maxillary sinus hypoplasia (3/20). Conclusions There is relatively high prevalence of the EMS in CRS patients. This is adjacent to the orbit, overpneumatizes laterally and obstructs the drainage of the maxillary sinus. Complete dissection of the EMS is helpful to improve the drainage of maxillary sinus.