OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for variety breeding,high yield and high quality cultivation of Momordica cochi-nchinensis. METHODS:Based on Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition,Vol Ⅰ),HPLC for determining the content of gyp-sogenin 3-O-β-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester in M. cochinchinensis was optimized,the contents of gypsogenin 3-O-β-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester in M. cochinchinensis from 14 production places of 8 provinces were compared,and cluster analysis was conduct-ed. Correlation of longitude,latitude and altitude with content of gypsogenin 3-O-β-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester in M. cochinchi-nensis was analyzed by SPSS17.0 software. RESULTS:Gypsogenin 3-O-β-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester in M. cochinchinensis showed good linear relationship in 0.05-0.5 mg/mL,regression equation was Y=4361.95X+67.3808(R2=0.9997);the limits of quantification and detection were 15.62 ng and 4.67 ng,respectively. Average recovery was 99.76%(RSD=1.36%,n=9). The content of gypsogenin 3-O-β-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester in M. cochinchinensis from 14 production places of 8 provinces had ex-tremely significant differences(P<0.01). Clustering analysis results indicated that M. cochinchinensis from 14 production places of 8 provinces were divided into Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ groups. Contents of gypsogenin 3-O-β-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester in M. cochi-nchinensis of Ⅲ,Ⅳ groups were relatively high,including Guangxi Pingnan,Guizhou Jiangkou,Guizhou Dejiang,Fujian Jian-yang and Hunan Huitong,in which,Guangxi Pingnan,Guizhou Jiangkou,Guizhou Dejiang and Hunan Huitong had high altitude and low latitude,Fujian Jianyang had high altitude. The content of gypsogenin 3-O-β-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester in M. cochi-nchinensis was positively correlated with altitude,while negatively correlated with longitude and latitude. CONCLUSIONS:HPLC is simple,accurate and reproducible for determining the content of gypsogenin 3-O-β-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester in M. cochi-nchinensis,and the determined contents of gypsogenin 3-O-β-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester in M. cochinchinensis from 14 produc-tion places of 8 provinces have reached the standard of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition,Vol Ⅰ). Cultivation in Guangxi Pingnan,Guizhou Jiangkou,Guizhou Dejiang,Hunan Huitong and other areas with high altitude and low latitude helps to improve the content accumulation of gypsogenin 3-O-β-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester in M. cochinchinensis.

Mitral valve disease is one of the most popular heart valve diseases. Precise positioning and displaying of the valve characteristics is necessary for the minimally invasive mitral valve repairing procedures. This paper presents a multi-resolution elastic registration method to compute the deformation functions constructed from cubic B-splines in three dimensional ultrasound images, in which the objective functional to be optimized was generated by maximum likelihood method based on the probabilistic distribution of the ultrasound speckle noise. The algorithm was then applied to register the mitral valve voxels. Numerical results proved the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Algorithms ; Heart Valve Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Likelihood Functions ; Mitral Valve ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Patient Positioning ; Probability ; Ultrasonography

Objective To make a conclusion about the methods and main points of surgical position for cervical artificial disc replacement (CADR). Methods We collected the data from January to December 2015 in West China Hospital of Sichuan University. It included 102 patients in the surgical group of cervical spine, which were cervical vertebra degeneration and doing CADR according to the segment, quantity of the replacement and whether belonged to hybrid surgical method, then we analyzed and determined how to achieve the desired surgical position. Results The surgical positions of the patients in this group all conformed to the requirements of the replacement and gave intraoperative excellent exposure and less blood loss, made the vision of decompression clear and thorough, made the position of replacement prosthesis great. There were no postoperative complications. The patients all healed and were discharged in 5 to 7 days after operation. There was no position offset of prosthesis and no extrusion in the following 6 to 18 months. It restored the ideal physiological lordosis of the cervical spine. Conclusions According to the different segment of the replacement, we analyze and remain the location of the preoperative cervical spinal neutrality and a bit of extension which make the artificial cervical disc in favor of being well placed during an operation and promote cervical spine to maintain normal physiological lordosis during early post-operation, and greatly reduce the incidence of postoperative pain of neck and shoulder.