Problems in metrology work in special hospital are elaborated,such as poor law awareness,repeated break-down of metrology equipment,etc.Improvement suggestions are put forward including emphasis on well-constituted metrology staff and adequate equipment purchase,cooperation in clinical departments,strengthening the management of metrology equipment at all levels,reinforcing the work function of the leading group in metrology management.This study is significant in supporting medical treatment and enhancing the hospital medical quality.

Vascular cognitive impairment refers to all cognitive impairment syndromes associated with vascular diseases,including severe cognitive impairment from mild cognitive impairment to vascular dementia.Citicoline is a necessary intermediate of the phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis,an important component of the neuronal membranes.Experimental studies have shown that citicoline has neuroprotective and neurorepair effects in cerebral ischemia.Clinical studies have shown that citicoline may improve cognitive function in patients with vascular cognitive impairment.

Objective To evaluate the diagnosis and efficiency of nasal endoscopic surgery treatment for rhinogenous optic function damage (ROFD).Methods The clinical data of 36 patients (36eyes) with ROFD were retrospectively reviewed.All patients were operated on nasal sinus probing and open sinus surgery through transnasal endoscopic approach,and 10 patients underwent endoscopic optic nerve decompression.Results Seven patients had bilateral pansinusitis,9 patients had unilateral posterior ethmoidal sinusitis and sphenoiditis,8 patients had isolated sphenoiditis,8 patients had fungal sinusitis occured in the sphenoid sinus and unilateral posterior ethmoid sinus,3 patients had unilateral pyocyst and cyst of the sphenoid and ethmoid sinus,1 patient had frontal and ethmoidal sinusitis.All patients were confiemed by pathology after surgery.The visual acuity preoperative were as follows:3 eyes no light perception,10 eyes hand movement,11 eyes fingers counting less than 20 cm and 12 eyes were vision impaired in different degree.The visual acuity postoperative were as follows:3 eyes failed,13 eyes cured,20eyes improved from hand movement or fingers counting to fingers counting (30-60 cm).The efficiency rate was 91.7％(33/36).The other eye symptom was disappeared.Sinus epithelization was happened after surgery in all patients.Conclusions If the medicine expectant treatment is invalid,nasal sinus probing and open sinus surgery through transnasal endoscopic approach should be performed early in treatment of ROFD.Patients who suffered frnm severe visual damage and either unresponsive or intolerant to medical treatment should be administrated endoscopic sinus surgery including endoscopic optic nerve decompression.

Objective To study a novel method of laparoscopic treatment for indirect inguinal hernia in children. Methods Forty-eight children with indirect inguinal hernia (right: 31 cases, left: 13 cases, bilateral: 4 cases) were treated by one port laparoscopic surgery. Among those with unilateral hernia, contralateral latent hernia was found in 5 children. All the patients underwent high ligation of internal annulus under laparoscope. Results The duration of operation was 7～14 min (mean, 9 min). The mean postoperative hospital stay was 24 h. Skin sutures were not required. Follow-up for 3～15 months (mean, 9 5 months) revealed no recurrence. Conclusions One port laparoscopic high ligation of internal annulus is effective, minimally invasive and simple.

Objective: To observe collagen synthesis in the different phase of distraction osteogenesis(DO) in alveolar cleft.Methods:8 dogs were used to make experimental model of alveolar cleft and underwent the closure of the cleft by distraction osteogenesis.The animals were sacrificed on day 0, 14, 28 and 63 after completion of DO respectively. The samples were examined by histological observation and the expression of typeⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ collagen was studied by immunohistochemistry staining. Results:On day 0, a lot of type Ⅲ collagen fibers were observed in the distraction area. On day 14, there was trabecula bone, collagen Ⅰexpression was stronger than collagen Ⅲ. On day 28, trabecula bone developed into network-like structure with type Ⅰ collagen expression. On day 63,lamellated bone with type Ⅰ collage expression filled the distraction area. No obvious expression of collagen Ⅱ was observed.Conclusions:The formation of new bone is mainly intramembrane osteogenesis along the distraction vector.

[Objective]To investigate the prophylactic effects of intra-articular injection of salvia miltiorrhiza on joint adhesion. [Methods]Twenty-four Japanese male rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups.All right hind knees were made in this way: the auterior wall of suprapatellar bursae was scraped, the posterior wall of suprapatellar bursae and the infrapatellar fat pad were cut off. Each knee was injected with physiological saline 0.3 ml for group A, sodium hyaluronate injection 0.3 ml for group B, and salvia miltiorrhiza injection 0.3 ml for group C. All right hind knees were immobilized in the extension position with a long leg plaster cast for 4 weeks, and injected weekly.[Results]After 4 weeks, the joint movement range in group B or C was larger than that in group A (P<0.01), and there was no significant difference (P>0.05)compared to group B and group C. The scoring of joint adhesions in group B or C was smaller than that in group A (P<0.01), and there was no significant difference(P>0.05)compared to group B and group C. The scoring of histological changed of the synovial membrane in group B or C was smaller than that in group A (P<0.01), and there was no significant difference(P>0.05)compared to group B and group C.Total collagens content of the synovial membrane in group B or C was smaller than that in group A (P<0.01), while that of group C was less than in group B(P<0.01). [Conclusion]Similarly to sodium hyaluronate, salvia miltiorrhiza can effectively prevent joint adhesions.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic significance of 3 clinical stage system in 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods From January 2004 to August 2007, 179 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were treated with 3DCRT.Before radiation, each patient was staged with UICC 2003 TNM stage, stage of Chinese esophageal cancer cooperation group (cooperation group' stage), and Zhu's clinical stage respectively. Concordance of each clinical stage and prognosis was analyzed with SPSS 11.5. Results In 179 cases of esophageal cancer,Concordance was better in T stage ( Kappa = 0. 271 ) than in TNM stage ( Kappa = 0. 167 ) between cooperation group' stage and Zhu's stage. Among them, 98 cases was staged with UICC stage, concordance of T stage was better between UICC-T and cooperation group' T stage (Kappa =0. 261 ) than between UICCT and Zhu's T stage (Kappa = 0. 045 ) ;concordance of TNM stage was better between UICC-TNM and Zhu's TNM stage ( Kappa = 0. 597 ) than between UICC-TNM and cooperation group' TNM stage ( Kappa =0. 299 ). With multivariate analysis, T ( χ2 value is 11.58, 26. 00 and 51.05, all P ＜ 0. 01 ), N ( χ2 value is 15.28, 16. 10 and 16. 10,all P＜0. 01), M (χ2 value is 5.59, 27.78 and 27.78,all P＜0. 01), and TNM (χ2 value is 15.77, 34,35 and 51. 10,all P＜0. 01 ) stage in 3 kinds of clinical stage were independent prognostic factors. In UICC stage, T1-T3 was difficult to definite and the prognosis was not significantly different in T1 -T3 stage. Conclusions In this study, 3 kinds of clinical stage could evaluate prognosis of esophageal cancer after radiotherapy;cooperation group' stage and Zhu's stage need further application, with further accuracy needed.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of regulating expiratory airway pressure of noninvasive ventilation(NIV)to treat overlap syndrome(OS)with respiratory failure by pressure titration in monitor during sleep.Method Individuals who met the following criteria were selected for the study:(1)OS with respiratory failure confiemed by polysomnogram(PSC)and pulmonary function tests;(2)ability to tolerate PSG tests all night;(3)lucid consciousness and spontaneous breathing upon awaken and(4)ability to tolerate NIV.The criteria of exclusion were:(1)frequent expectoration of blood or hemoptysis;(2)spontaneous pneumothorax;(3)severe prosopo-trauma or facial ulcer and(4)large amount of secretion in the airway.From August 2005 to Decentber 2008,27 patients were selected with two patients excluded.The remaining 25 patients treated with noninvasive bi-level positive airway pressure(BiPAP)were randomly assigned to titration group or control group.During sleep,the patients of titration group were put under the optimal expiratory airway pressure[EPAP,(8.8 ± 0.5)cmH2O]which was got from titration by AutoCPAP ventilator and the EPAP decreased immediately to 5 cmH2O when the patients wake up next day.In the patients of control group,the EPAP was maintained at 5 cm H2O round the clock.The degree of apnoea and the hypopnea index(AHI),the results of arterial blood gas analysis(pH,PaO2,PaCO2)in the morning,the lowest pulse oxygen saturation(SPO2LOW)and the arterial blood gas level at 10 am before and after ventilation,duration of taking off ventilator at night,complications of NIV,incidence of air leakage and invasive ventilation after NIV were comparatively analyzed between the two groups.Results Compared with the control group,the titration group showed a notably increase in the value of SPO2LOW[(25.9± 11.3)%vs.(14.9±8.4)%;P＜0.05].The PaO2 level was significantly higher in the titration group(29.4±4.4)mmHg than that in the control group(22.6 ± 2.1)mmHg(P＜0.0001);however,the PaCO2 level in the titration group(16.8 ±7.3)mmHg was not significant different from that in the control group(20.0±6.3)mmHg(P＞0.05).The PaO2 level at 10am in the titration group(28.9 ± 6.7)mmHg was not significant different from that in the control group(31.3 ± 7.7)mmHg(P＞0.05);however,the PaCO2 level in the titration group(23.3 ±5.7)mmHg was higher than that in the control group(18.2 ±5.0)mmHg(P＜0.05).Conclusions Regulating EPAP of NIV to treat overlap syndrome with respiratory failure by pressure titration in monitor during sleep was more effective at improving hypoxemia and carbon dioxide retention than traditional methods without adjusting the EPAP to the optimal level.The optimal didn't increase carbon dioxide retention at night,confirming that the method was safe.

Objective To investigate the influence of albumin on the expression of angiotensin-eonverting enzyme (ACE) in cultured human proximal tubular ceils (HK-2). Methods HK-2 cells were exposed to 2.5, 5, 10 g/L bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 6 h and 12 h respectively. The expression of ACE in HK-2 cells was detected by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot. Results Compared to the control group, the expression of HK-2 cells ACE mRNA treated for 12 h with different concentrations of BSA (2.5, 5, 10 g/L) significantly increased (P

Objective Radiosensitivity is highly correlated with DNA doub le stra nd breaks(DSBs). The repair of human DSB is possible mainly through nonhomologou s DNA end joining(NHEJ)pathway. This study was designed to determine the relat ionship between expression of 70Ku/ 80Ku prot ein (a modulating subunit of DNA-PK, which is an important component in NHEJ pathway) and radiosensitivity of nasoph aryngeal carcinoma cell lines. Methods Radiosensitivity parameters of the nasoph aryngeal carcinoma cell lines were obtained by the colony forming assay and radi ation dose-survival curve was done by linear quadratic model. Western blot was p erformed to determine the expression of 70Ku and 80 Ku in total extract of CNE1 a nd CNE2 at baseline level、different time after 4?Gy irradiation、12 h after di ff erent doses of irradiation. To perform a semi-quantitated assay of protein expr e ssion, the optic density (OD) value of each band was estimated by automatic imag e analysis system. Results Surviving fraction of CNE1 was higher than those of CNE2 at each dose point. Mean inactivation dose was higher in the CNE1(2.35)t han that in the CNE2(1.11), but the quantity of 70Ku/ 80Ku in either cell line was similar at both baseline and postirradiation levels. Conclusions CNE2 is mo re radiaosensitive than CNE1; as there was no marked correlation observed betwee n the quantity of Ku protein and radiosensitivity of the nasopharyngeal carcinom a cell lines. X-irradiation cannot result in any change in total quantity of Ku protein.