OBJECTIVE:To isolate and identify the major constituents-steroidal saponins from Di'ao xinxuekang.METHODS:The constituents were separated and purified using normal-pressured and pressurized silica gel column chromatography technology,and the structures were identified based on the physico-chemical property and spectral analysis.RESULTS:Two steroidal saponins were obtained from Di'ao xinxuekang and their structures were identified as dioscin(1)and pseudoprodioscin(2).CONCLUSION:Compound 1 and 2 were demonstrated to be two major constituents in Di'ao xinxuekang.This finding is of great importance for the quality control and evaluation of Di'ao xinxuekang(Chinese Medicine).

AIM: To investigate the chemical constituents of the plant drug Cornus officinalis Sieb et Zucc. which is widely used in Chinese traditional medicine, having actions of invigorating the liver and kidney, strengthening the body, and of an astringent, etc. METHODS: A sedoheptulose gallate was isolated from the water extracts of fruits of C.officinalis using various chromatographies. The structure determination was based on spectral (UV, IR, 1H & 13CNMR and MS) and chemical evidence. RESULTS: Its structure was characterized to be 7-O-galloyl-D-sedoheptulose (I). The proportion of its three major conformation forms of β-F, α-F and α-P in aqueous solution was estimated to be 57:24:19 according to their C-1 peak heights in the 13CNMR spectrum. CONCLUSION: I was found in natural world for the first time and its β-D-heptufuranosyl form was the predominant existing tautomer in its equilibrated aqueous solution according to NMR determination.

Objective To establish a method for the determination of complanatuside in Semen Astragali Complanati, and study the content change of complanatuside processed. Method HPLC was used with Apollo-C18 column (4.6 mm?250 mm, 5 ?m), acetonitrile-0.1%phosphoric acid (21∶79) as mobile phase, the flow rate at 1.0 mL/min, and detected wavelength was set at 266 nm. Result Complanatuside showed a good linearity relationship in the range of 0.041 6～0.665 6 ?g, r =0.999 9. The average recovery was 100.6%, RSD was 0.73%. Conclusion The method is simple, accurate, reproducibility and strong specificity. It can be used for the quality control of Semen Astragali Complanati. Processing with salt can lead to content decrease of complanatuside in Semen Astragali Complanati.

From the total alkaloids of the root of Kopsia lainanensis Tsiang, eight compounds were isolatcd and identificd as coronaridine (Ⅰ), heyneaninc (Ⅱ), tabersonine (Ⅲ), 11-methoxytabersonine (Ⅳ), scandine (Ⅴ), N-methoxycarbonyl-11, 12-methylenedioxykopsinaline (Ⅵ), kopsinine (Ⅶ) and N-methoxycarbonyl-12-methoxykopsinaline (Ⅷ) by means of physical constants and spectral analysis

The pleomorphic adenoma of epiglottis is rare. When the tumor grows larger, some patients may have symptoms of pharyngeal foreign body sensation, but other patients have no obvious symptom. The tumor is mainly found through indirect laryngoscopy or electronic laryngoscopy. This disease can be confirmed by pathological diagnosis after tumor resection.
Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; Adult ; Epiglottis ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; Male

AIM: To determine the contents of corilagin in Erodium stephanianum Willd. from different collection month and to define the best collection time for this herb. METHODS: The contents of corilagin in each samples of E. stephanianum were determined by HPLC. RESULTS: The linear regression of corilagin was obtained in the range of 0.22～1.10?g. The average recovery was 98.6% with a RSD of 0.63%. CONCLUSION: The content of corilagin in E. stephanianum collected in August is the highest among the samples throughout the collection months.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the inhaled and food allergen distribution of patient with allergic rhinitis in north of Zhejiang and to analyze the difference of allergen distribution among different age groups. METHOD: One thousand and forty eight patients in north of Zhejiang diagnosed with allergic rhinitis in our outpatient department were tested with skin prick test (SPT). The positive rate of inhaled and food allergens were calculated. To analysis the difference of positive rate between children and adult. RESULT: Nine hundred and eighty-eight cases (94.3%) had the positive reaction. Dermato phagoides farinae and Dermatophagodies pteronyssinus had the highest positive ratio (72.1%, 71.8%) in inhalation group, followed cockroach (14.1%). In food group, Shrimp and peanuts had the highest positive ratio (18.3%,14.2%). Between children group and adults group, positive rate of food allergen was significantly different (P < 0.05), but of inhaled allergen was not significantly different. CONCLUSION The distribution of some allergens in children group and adults group was variable. The study shows that Dust mite was the mostly responsible common allergen in north of Zhejiang.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Air Pollutants ; immunology ; Allergens ; immunology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Food ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; immunology ; Skin Tests ; Young Adult

Objective: To investigate the effect of intracellular free Ca 2+ concentration ([Ca 2+ ] i ) on injury following transient Mg 2+ free treatment in vitro in developing cortical neurons. Methods: Embryo cortical neurons of rats cultured for 6 d and 17 d were directly exposed to Mg 2+ free media, or pretreated with NMDA receptor antagonists or calcium channel antagonist before being exposed to Mg 2+ free media. MTT assay was used to study the injury of neurons. [Ca 2+ ] i were measured using fluo 3, a fluorescent calcium sensitive dye and laser scanning confocal microscope, and calculated by the fluorescent intensity. Results:Compared with control, MTT conversion rates decreased after transient (3 h) Mg 2+ free treatment in neurons cultured for 6 d and 17 d in vitro, (59.1?6.87)% and (51.2?5.90)%, respectively. In neurons pre and co treated with 10 ?mol?L -1 MK 801, 50 ?mol?L -1 AP 5 and 10 ?mol?L -1 nifedipine, MTT conversion rates were higher than those of neurons with only Mg 2+ free treatment. Peak values of [Ca 2+ ] i in neurons cultured for 6 d and 17 d were 2.4?0.23 and 3.2?0.32, respectively Peak value of neurons 17 d in vitro was significantly higher than that of neurons 6 d in vitro (P

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of saikosaponin-d(SSd) on tissue plasminogen activator(TPA),plasminogen activator inhibitor(PAI),malonaldehyde(MDA) and NO in rats with liver fibrosis induced by dimethylnitrosamine(DMN).METHODS:Eighteen SD healthy rats were randomized to control group(NS ip qd for 4 weeks),model group(10mg? kg-1 DMN ip 3 times per week for 4 weeks) and SSd-treated group(10mg? kg-1 DMN ip 3 times per week + SSd 1.8 mg? kg-1 ip for 28 consecutive days).All rats were killed 1h after the last time of administration,blood samples were taken from abdominal aorta and liver samples were taken for the observation of pathology and detection of indices of TPA,PAI,MDA and NO etc.RESULTS:SSd could lessen the degree of liver fibrosis and improve the fibrinolytic activities of TPA and PAI,meanwhile,it showed clearance effect on MDA and marked protective effect on hepatic cells.There were significant differences between SSd-treated group and the model group.CONCLUSION:SSd exhibited protective function on experimental hepatic fibrosis in rats,which may be attributed to the improving of fibrinolytic activity,eliminating of lipid peroxidation and enhancing of NO level.

Objective To investigate proteolipid protein 1 (PLP1) mutations in six pedigrees with Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD),and to provide prenatal consulting and prenatal diagnosis.Methods Subjects were six probands with PMD admitted in Department of Pediatrics,Peking University First Hospital from July 2006 to November 2011 and their family members.Genomic DNA sarnples were extracted from peripheral bloods of probands and their family members.Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) technique was used to detect PLP1 duplication mutation.Direct DNA sequencing was used to detect point mutation.Genetic diagnosis were based on PLP1 mutation genotype from probands.Prenatal diagnosis of nine fetuses were performed from seven PLP1 mutation female carriers by fetuses' DNA extracted from amniocytes or villus cells.Results PLP1 duplications were found in probands 1-4 (P1-4) whose mothers and the aunt of proband 1 (P1) were PLP1 duplications carriers.The two cases of point mutation,c.96C＞G(p.F32L) and c.623G＞T (p.G208V),were found in proband 5 (P5) and proband 6 (P6).Hcterozygous changes of the same mutations were found in P5' and P6' mothers with normal phenotypes.Seven female PLP1 mutation carriers were pregnant again.Prenatal diagnosis of PLP1 for nine fetuses presented one PLP1 duplication,one point mutation,one PLP1 duplication carrier,and six wildtypes.A segmental crossing over of X chromosome was detected in one male fetus of PLP1 wildtype.Conclusions PLP1 mutation analysis could help to diagnose PMD pedigree and to identify female PLP1 mutation carrier in the family.The following prenatal diagnosis and proper genetic counseling are very important to prevent PMD child from being delivered.