Objective:To study Survivin expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) and the effects of pingyangmycin treatment on Survivin expression. Methods:Expression of Survivin was analyzed by flow cytometry and fluorescent indirect mark monoclonal antibody technique in 22 cases of OSCC before chemotherapy,22 cases of OSCC after chemotherapy with pingyangmycin and 8 cases of normal oral mucosa.The Survivin expression was quantified as fluorescence index(FI).Results:The FI in normal oral mucosa,OSCC before chemotherapy and OSCC after chemotherapy with pingyangmycin was 1.0?0.05,1.41?0.06 and 1.22?0.14 respectively(P

At present, a number of scientific research achievements has been formed. Scientific achievement is the crystallization of great efforts from scientific workers, and it's also the valuable treasure of human civilization. Standardization is an important way to promote the international communication of Chinese medicine, and it's significant in boosting China's scientific and technological progress, improving market competitiveness and promoting international trade. Transformation of scientific research to the guideline is not only beneficial to improving the technology content of the standard, but also to the conversion from scientific research achievements into productivity. Therefore, only by absorbing the advanced scientific and technological achievements, reproducing the theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and medical technology in standard form, can make TCM keep pace with the times. This study preliminarily explores for the method to transform scientific research achievements into guideline, in order to provide reference for the future technical specifications, thus to further the development of TCM.
Achievement ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards

BACKGROUND:Recent investigations show that there are a small part of self-renewing and multi-potent cells named as tumor stem cells.Those cells share many characteristics with somatic and embryonic stem cells and are thought to be responsible for driving tumor progression in growing list of neoplastic diseases.Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)is an important angiogenesis factor,which can regulate endothelial proliferation,angiogenesis,permeability of blood vessel,and thrombogenesis.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the progress of cancer stem cells and tumor angiogenesis.METHODS:A computer-based online search was conducted in PUMMED,CNKI,and Wanfang databases with the key words of "cancer stem cells,vascular endothelial growth factor,new vascularize" in both Chinese and English from January 2000 to October 2009.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Among 153 articles,there were 13 in Chinese and 140 in English.Titles and abstracts were preliminarily screened,and articles which were non-relative(n=35),duplicated(n=30),and Meta analysis(n=57),were excluded.A total of 31 articles were included in the final analysis.Angiogenesis regulated by multiple factors was a necessary link for tumor growth and transferring.Stem cells promoted angiogenesis,thereby promoted tumor growth and transferring.However,the modified stem cells caused the opposite effects.On the other hand,the stem cells were considered as a substance vector to localize tumor focus,in particular,it will be potential for looking for subclinical focus and distal focus.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of salesclerk factors on the consumers'purchasing behavior in drugstores in Beijing citizens,and provide reference for better satisfaction of consumers'requirements. METHODS:Clustering random sampling method was launched among the drugstore consumers in 16 districts of Beijing,the results were statistically analyzed,and then the suggestions were provided. RESULTS:Totally 180 valid questionnaires were collected from the 208 questionnaires with effective re-covery rate of 86.5%. 70.6% consumers preferred the salesclerk to ask actively when they entered a drugstore;moderate depen-dence on the salesclerk was found mainly in the aspect ofmedicine selection,medication methods guidingandhelping disease judgment;moderate trust to the salesclerk was found,andthe poor professional knowledge,poor service attitudeandpoor professional ethicswere the main reasons for the distrust;the professional moralandknowledgeof salesclerks were the most-ly expected qualities;the licensed pharmacist in the drugstore was not recognized by 66.1% consumers. CONCLUSIONS:Drug-store should understand the consumer's expectations and requirements to its salesclerk and improve accordingly in the respect of strengthening the train of professional quality,enhancing the ability of pharmaceutical care,increasing the propaganda of licensed pharmacist,conducting medication consultation actively,exploring the diversity of consumer's requirements,and meeting the con-sumer's requirements more extensively.

To improve the extraction of solanesol from tobacco waste, we developed an enzymatic cell wall-breaking process with combined cellulase and ligninase. The effects of reaction time, temperature, pH and enzyme/substrate ratio were determined. The results show that the catalytic effect was better than either single enzyme when the ratio of cellulase to ligninase was 15:1 (U/U). Under the optimized conditions of 175 U/g (enzymes/substrate), tobacco to water 1:5 (W/W), temperature 40 degrees C and pH 6.0, the concentration of solanesol in the solution could reach 0.33 g/L after 8 h. And the average leaching rate reached 96.53% which was 1.68 times of the extraction methods of chemical reflux. It provides new way for the extraction of solanesol from tobacco waste, and worthwhile to be further explored.
Cell Wall ; metabolism ; Cellulase ; metabolism ; Oxygenases ; metabolism ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Terpenes ; isolation & purification ; Tobacco ; chemistry

Objecitve To conclude the clinical manifestation of Fournier's gangrene (FG) and its emergency treatment.Methods From 2006 to 201 1,12 patient were involved in the study,all had received debridement,wide spectrum antibiotics and support therapy,the clinical manifestation,treatment choice and prognosis were analyzed retrospectively.Results All patients were male with 67.7 year-old mean age.Initial lesions were all in scrotal skin,an average procedures of each patient was 3.5,mean hospitalization days was 29.7 days.Surgical wound was healed by left scrotal skin in all cases,2 cases with huge urethra defect were received perineostomy.Ten cases were survived with 57-months follow-up and mortality was 16.7％.Conclusions Fournier is one of emergency disease of Urology.Its mortality is still high.Intensive care and appropriate anti-biotic therapy combined with surgical treatment is the key of FG's management.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of modified technique of ureteral stent placement during transurethral resection of bladder tumor.Methods Seventeen patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer invading the ureteral orifice from March 2014 to June 2016 in Beijing Friendship Hospital were randomly divided into two groups.In the modified technique group (group A,n =10),tumor was resected until the ureteral orifice was exposed.Then,a guide wire was placed through the tunnel of Electrode loop and the ureteral stent was placed along the guide wire.In control group (group B,7 cases),after ureteral orifice exposed,the guide wire and ureteral stent was placed with cystoscopy.The demographic,oncological baseline and operative factors were evaluated between two groups.Results There was no difference in tumor grade and maximum diameter between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The operation time in group A was significantly shorter than that in group B [(39.5 ± 14.8)min vs (59.3 ± 16.2) min,P =0.020],and the intraoperative vision clarity score was better in group A as well [(7.7 ± 1.3) vs (5.9± 1.2),P =0.010].There was no statistical difference between the two groups in the complication.Conclusions The modified technique can improve the efficiency of ureteral stent placement during transurethral resection of bladder tumor without any risk enhancement.

Objective To evaluate whether the unidirectional barbed suture is safety and efficiency enough for laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.Method From March 2013 to March 2014,27 patients with renal mass have been involved into this study and divided into 2 groups wsing a lottery.Group A used Coated Vicryl in renorrhaphy after LPN,and group B used unidirectional barbed suture.All patients underwent LPN preformed by single group of surgeons.Perioperative and postoperative indicators were compared in two groups.Result It is identical in age,BMI,tumor size,R.E.N.A.L nephrometry scoring system between 2 groups.However,using barbed suture has significantly shortened in warm ischemia time (WIT).The postoperative indicators,such as blood loss,hospital stay and surgery complication has no significantly difference in two groups.Conclusion The unidirectional barbed suture is safety and efficiency using in LPN which can shorten WIT significantly.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of Survivin in esophageal car-cinoma.Methods Survivin expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in 61 cases of esophageal squamous carcinoma tissues and 26 tumor-adjacent normal tissues.Results The positive Survivin expression rate was 60.7% (37/61)in tumor tissues.The expression of Survivin was significantly correlated with the tumor grading,infiltration, lymph node metastasis and the survival(P<0.01).Conclusion Survivin may be an important marker for tumor di-agnosis and it is of great important to the active treatment of high-risk patients and to increasing of prognosis values.

AIM: To establish a new sensitive microplate-based method to determine alpha-glucosidase inhibiting activity and provide a reliable high-throughput way for screening alpha-glucosidase inhibitors in vitro.METHODS: The fitting combination of enzyme and substrate in a certain reaction was tested.Acarbose,the most popular alpha-glucosidase inhibitor in clinical use was used to validate the established method.Calibration curve,wavelength fidelity and kinetic analysis,together with the effect of altered incubation time,temperature and pH were then studied.RESULTS:The details of assay procedure and evaluation of factors affecting the measurement are described.As little as 160 μl assay system was performed in a 96-well plate.The optimal action was finally achieved by incubated at 37 ℃,pH 7.0 for 15 min and measured at 400 nm.Results from the validation exercises by Acarbose strongly demonstrated the accuracy and reliability of the proposed approach.CONCLUSION: This method reported in the current paper makes it possible to rapidly examine large numbers of samples for the presence of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors in very small sample volumes.Such action may help to pace the development of potential oral medications from natural products protecting patients against postprandial hyperglycemic toxicity and therefore treating diabetes mellitus and the related complications.