Acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock and left main coronary artery disease is called left main shock syndrome. It is reported that the morbility and mortality of the syndrome is approximately 0.46%and 55%-80%, respectively. However, the best treat-ment strategy in these cases is unknown. In this article, we present a patient with LMSS who successively underwent emergency percutane-ous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting with hemodynamic support within 5 days. The patient is now on his three month uneventful out-patient follow-up.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) and clinical characteristics of pancreatic cancer patients and the factors influencing SII.Methods:To retrospectively analyze the data of 98 pancreatic cancer patients with R 0 resection in the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, from January 2018 to January 2023, of whom 54 were male and 44 were female at the age of (59.2±10.7) years. All patients were divided into the high SII group ( n=49) and the low SII group ( n=49) based on the median SII of 668. Preoperative albumin, proportion of tumor located in the head of the pancreas, preoperative total bilirubin, and length of hospitalization were compared between the two groups. The correlation between SII and clinical features was analyzed. The SII influencing factors of pancreatic cancer patients were analyzed by linear regression with univariate and multivariate analysis. Results:The preoperative albumin of pancreatic cancer patients in the high SII group was lower than that of the low SII group, while the proportion of tumors located in the head of the pancreas, the preoperative total bilirubin, and the length of hospital stay were higher than that of the low SII group, and the differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between preoperative albumin and SII ( r=-0.28, P=0.050), while a positive correlation between preoperative total bilirubin and SII ( r=0.36, P<0.001), as well as between hospitalization time and SII ( r=0.28, P=0.050). The SII of patients with tumors located in the head of the pancreas ( n=81) and the tail of the pancreatic body ( n=17) were 734 (418, 1 241) and 431 (276, 613), respectively, and the SII of patients who survived ( n=92) and died ( n=4) at the time of discharge were 628 (383, 1 113) and 1 283 (1 176, 1 507), respectively, and the differences in SII of patients with different tumor locations and different discharge status were all significant. The SII of the patients were compared, and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=-2.51, 2.05, P=0.012, 0.038). Screening variables in the univariate linear regression model showed that admission total bilirubin, tumor volume, and preoperative albumin were associated with SII levels (all P<0.05). When the above variables were included in the multivariate linear regression, the higher the preoperative total bilirubin ( β=2.74, 95% CI: 1.48-4.00, P<0.001) as well as the larger the tumor volume ( β=2.34, 95% CI: 1.04-3.63, P<0.001) in pancreatic cancer patients, the higher the value of SII. Conclusions:SII in pancreatic cancer patients was associated with preoperative albumin, tumor location, preoperative total bilirubin, length of hospital stay, and survival or death at discharge. Preoperative total bilirubin and tumor volume were influential factors of SII in patients with pancreatic cancer.

With the development of modern sequencing techniques and bioinformatics, genomes that were once thought to be noncoding have been found to encode abundant functional micropeptides (miPs), a kind of small polypeptides. Although miPs are difficult to analyze and identify, a number of studies have begun to focus on them. More and more miPs have been revealed as essential for energy metabolism homeostasis, immune regulation, and tumor growth and development. Many reports have shown that miPs are especially essential for regulating glucose and lipid metabolism and regulating mitochondrial function. MiPs are also involved in the progression of related diseases. This paper reviews the sources and identification of miPs, as well as the functional significance of miPs for metabolism-related diseases, with the aim of revealing their potential clinical applications.
Humans ; Open Reading Frames ; Peptides ; Glucose ; Genome ; Metabolic Diseases

By consulting the relevant literature and historical herbal literature,the name,origin and harvesting,efficacy and indications,as well as nature,taste,and meridians of Bunge pricklyash seed were reviewed."Jiaomu"as a medicinal herb name was first recorded in the"Compendium of Materia Medica Annotations",and later generations also used"Jiaomu"as a proper name.Bunge pricklyash seeds are the seeds of the Rutaceae plant Sichuan Bunge pricklyash seed or green Bunge pricklyash seed.They are harvested when they mature in autumn from August to October,and can be processed by net,stir-frying or salt.It can promote diuresis and reduce swelling,treat kidney deficiency and tinnitus,and is mainly used to treat bloating in the abdomen.It is non-toxic or slightly toxic.This article traced the origin of Bunge pricklyash seed,studied the history of medicine,clarified the original traditional Chinese medicine properties of Bunge pricklyash seed,and provided scientific basis for the correct clinical use and the national formulation of quality standards for this herb.

Objective:To discuss the protective effect of carnosine(CAR)against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation(OGD/R)-induced astrocyte(AS)injury,and to clarify its possible mechanism.Methods:The AS were divided into control group,model group(OGD/R group),OGD/R+CAR group(CAR group),and OGD/R+CAR+AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)activator AICAR group(CAR+AICAR group).MTT assay and green cyanine staining method were used to detect the survival rates and green cyanine staining positive rates of the AS in various groups;Annexin V-FITC/PI method and flow cytometry were used to detect the apoptotic rates of the AS in various groups;Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of AMPK,phosphorylated AMPK(p-AMPK),mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),phosphorylated mTOR(p-mTOR),microtubule-associated protein light chain 3B(LC3B),Beclin-1,and P62 proteins in the AS in various groups;immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the LC3B positive fluorescence intensities in the AS in various groups.Results:Compared with control group,the survival rate and green cyanine staining positive rate of the AS in OGD/R group were decreased(P＜0.01),the apoptotic rate of the AS was increased(P＜0.01),the ratios of p-AMPK/AMPK and LC3B Ⅱ/LC3B Ⅰ and the expression level of Beclin-1 protein were increased(P＜0.01),and the ratio of p-mTOR/mTOR and the expression level of P62 protein were decreased(P＜0.01).Compared with OGD/R group,the survival rate and green cyanine staining positive rate of the AS in CAR group were increased(P＜0.01),the apoptotic rate of the AS was decreased(P＜0.01),the ratios of p-AMPK/AMPK and LC3B Ⅱ/LC3B Ⅰ and the expression level of Beclin-1 protein were decreased(P＜0.01),and the ratio of p-mTOR/mTOR and the expression level of P62 protein were increased(P＜0.01).Compared with CAR group,the survival rate and green cyanine staining positive rate of the AS in CAR+AICAR group were decreased(P＜0.01),the apoptotic rate of the AS was increased(P＜0.01),the ratios of p-AMPK/AMPK and LC3B Ⅱ/LC3B Ⅰ and the expression level of Beclin-1 protein were increased(P＜0.01),and the ratio of p-mTOR/mTOR and the expression level of P62 protein were decreased(P＜0.01).The LC3B immunofluorescence staining results were consistent with the Western blotting results.Conclusion:CAR has the protective effect on injury of the AS induced by OGD/R,and its molecular mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway,thereby inhibiting autophagy.