Objective To investigate the infection status of A ngiostrongylus cantonensis in winkle from 9 cities in Guizhou Province.Methods The winkles were collected randomly from aquatic products wholesale market,agricultural market or restaurants in 9 cities (Guiyang,Zunyi,Tongren,Kaili,Anshun,Duyun,Xingyi,Bijie and Shuicheng) and classified in Guizhou Province,and the third-stage larvas of Angiostrongylus cantonensis were separated and detected with microscopy by tissue homogenization (Pomacea canaliculata was first checked with lung screening method,and then rechecked by tissue homogenization),and infection rate was calculated.Results Totally 2 177 winkles were tested,the overall infection rate of Angiostrongylus cantonensis was 1.5％ (32/2 177),among them,Pomacea canaliculata was 1 287,five was positive,and the infection rate was 0.4％; Achatinafulica was 240,positive 27,the infection rate was 11.3％; Bellamya lithophaga was 372 and all 278 Cipangopaludina chinensis was not positive.Conclusions There is a higher risk of infection with Angiostrongylus cantonensis if eating winkles.The third-stage larva in Pomacea canaliculata and Achatina fulica has been found in Guizhou Province.Market management,food-safety inspection of the winkles on sale,and public health education should be strengthened.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and restless legs syndrome (RLS) and to further examine relevant factors that may contribute to the co-occurrence of MS and RLS.Methods Seventy MS patients were recruited in the present study.The RLS screen was further performed in MS patients based on the diagnostic criteria for RLS.MS patients with RLS were designated as the case group and MS patients without RLS served as the control group.The clinical data including age of MS onset,MS duration and clinical disability by the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) were analyzed.Results There were 12 MS patients with RLS in total 70 MS patients and the incidence rate was 17.1％.The average age of MS onset in the RLS group was (47.6 ± 10.0) years,and (40.1 ± 10.4 ) years in the control group.The difference of average age of MS onset was found to be significant (t =2.29,P =0.030).The average history of MS in the RLS group was ( 12.6 ± 6.8 ) years,and ( 8.2 ± 6.6) years in the control group ( t =2.10,P =0.039).The average EDSS of the RLS group was 4.5 ±2.5,and 2.5 ±2.0 in the control group (t =3.02,P =0.004).There was no significant association between RLSRS and EDSS in MS patients with RLS (P =0.15).Conclusion The incidence rate of RLS in MS patients was high.Among patients with MS,RLS was associated with older age,longer MS duration,and more severe disability.

Objective To know the state of endemic fluorosis,running state of water improvement project in Jiangsu Province,and to provide a scientific basis for adjusting control measures against the disease.Methods Nine key counties were selected from the endemic fluorosis areas as survey spots in Jiangsu in 2012.Three villages in each spot were selected as survey villages.To known the progress and running conditions of water facilities,water samples were collected to determine the fluorosis level.All children aged 8 to 12 were tested for dental fluorosis at the survey villages.The fluorine content in water was determined with F-selective electrode (WS/T 106-1999).Dental fluorosis was diagnosed byased on the Dean method.Results Twenty-seven villages were investigated,the number of villages that had water quality improved was 26,the rate was 96.30％ (26/27);the number of villages that did not have water quality improved was 1,the rate was 3.70％ (1/27).Among the 26 facilities,21 improved-water facilities ran normally,the rate was 80.77％ (21/26);2 facilities ran with intermittently water supply,the rate was 8.70％ (2/26);3 facilities were scraped,the rate was 11.54％ (3/26).In the villages with normal improved-water facilities and qualified water fluorosis,the total rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 was 22.74％ (380/1 761),the index of dental fluorosis was 0.45.In the villages with abnormal improved-water facilities and excessive water fluorosis,the total rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 was 66.51％ (143/215),the index of dental fluorosis was 1.45.The total rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 was 42.86％ (12/28) in the villages which had not changed water source,the index of dental fluorosis was 0.86.Conclusion Improvement of water decreasing fluorine project in Jiangsu Province has a certain effect on children's dental fluorosis,but some of the water fluorosis projects are scrapped,and excess fluorine water should be taken seriously.

Objective To study the clinical value of capsule endoscopy for small bowel diseases in pediatric and adolescent patients.Methods Clinical data of 61 pediatric and adolescent patients who underwent capsule endoscopy from February 2007 to April 2014 was respectively analyzed.The positive diagnostic results and safety were observed.Results Of 61 patients,the CE procedures were completed successfully in 58 patients,and failed in 3 patients because of the gastric stasis.Forty-one positive lesions were found in small intestine,and the detection rate was 70.69％.Positive findings included angiodysplasias,Crohn' s disease,Meckel diverticula,ulcer,P-J syndrome,protrusion lesion and enteritis,etc.Finally,29 patients were confirmed (50％),3 (5.17％) were misdiagnosed and 1 (1.72％) was missed.Twenty-two patients underwent other small bowel examinations besides the capsule endoscopy.And the accuracy of capsule endoscopy was 81.82％.All capsules were successfully swallowed by the patients and evacuated within two weeks.No complications such as capsule retention or intestinal obstruction occurred.Conclusion Capsule endoscopy is a safe and well tolerated procedure with high diagnostic rate,which has a prospective clinical value in small bowel diseases in pediatric and adolescent patients.

Objective To master iodine intake ways of children in Yancheng (coastal) and Zhenjiang (inland) cities,analyze their urinary iodine difference and provide solid evidence for adjustment of salt iodine and adequate iodine intake level of local residents.Methods Totally 50％ counties were randomly selected in Yancheng and Zhenjiang cities and 5 towns were sampled in each county in 2014,local water iodine,domestic salt iodine,local eating habits and urine iodine of children 8-10 years old were investigated,and the influences of different iodine intake ways on urine iodine level were analyzed.Results The median of water iodine was 4.76 μg/Lin Zhenjiang (n =40) and 50.80 μg/L in Yancheng (n =50),the difference was statisticelly significant in two cities (Z =6.93,P ＜ 0.05).Totally 2 400 salt samples were tested,the mean of salt iodine was (24.20 ± 5.07) mg/kg in Yancheng (n =1 500) and (22.87 ± 2.77) mg/kg in Zhenjiang (n =900),the difference was statisticelly significant in two cityies (t =7.23,P ＜ 0.05).The salt intake level in Zhenjiang (10.69-± 9.00) g/d appeared to be higher than that in Yancheng (8.40 ± 3.57) g/d,but the difference was not statistically significant (t =1.62,P ＞ 0.05).Totally 1 200urine samples were tested,the urine iodine level of Zhenjiang got higher results (265.83 μg/L,n =450) than that of Yancheng (182.15 μg/L,n =750,Z =12.18,P ＜ 0.05).The ratio of water iodine intake/salt iodine intake was about 1 ∶ 4 in Yancheng and 1 ∶ 50 in Zhenjiang,while residents in Zhenjiang got 21％ of daily iodine through extra ways.Eating habits like eating out did not have significant impact on urine iodine.Conclusions Based on the water iodine level,Yancheng is considered to be a appropriate iodine level area while Zhenjiang is a lack region.However,Zhenjiang has a higher urine iodine level than Yancheng,which is more than adequate to the recommendation.Salt iodine is a main iodine source in both cities.In iodine appropriate and deficiency areas,eating habits and food choices may play a more important role than geochemical factors in iodine intakes among residents.

Objective:To investigate the iodine content distribution of drinking water in Jiangsu Province.Methods:In 2017, the iodine content in drinking water of residents in townships (streets, hereinafter referred to as townships) of Jiangsu Province was investigated. Administrative villages (neighborhood committees, hereinafter referred to as administrative villages) of Jiangsu Province were selected as units for the investigation of townships with the median water iodine greater than 10 μg/L. Delimitation criteria: the median iodine content of water < 40 μg/L was iodine deficiency area, 40-100 μg/L was suitable iodine area, and > 100 μg/L was high iodine area.Results:A total of 1 285 townships were surveyed in 101 counties (cities, districts) in 13 cities, and the median water iodine in townships was 7.28 μg/L. Among them, there were 875 townships with median water iodine < 10 μg/L, accounting for 68.09%; 315 townships 10-< 40 μg/L, accounting for 24.51%; 56 townships 40-100 μg/L, accounting for 4.36%; 39 townships > 100 μg/L, accounting for 3.04%. The water iodine survey at the administrative village level was conducted in 5 864 administrative villages in 410 townships in 6 cities. Among them, 769 administrative villages with median water iodine < 10 μg/L, accounting for 13.11%; 3 558 administrative villages 10 - < 40 μg/L, accounting for 60.68%; 613 administrative villages 40 - 100 μg/L, accounting for 10.45%; and 924 administrative villages > 100 μg/L, accounting for 15.76%.Conclusion:According to the water iodine, there are iodine deficiency, suitable iodine and high iodine areas in Jiangsu Province, mainly in iodine deficiency areas.

To study the anticoagulant effect of Xiang-Qi-Tang (XQT),the mice model of endotoxemia was established to detect the expression of coagulation factors and their regulatory proteins in serum and aorta.The results showed that XQT could decrease the expression of TF and increase the expression of tPA in the aorta of mice with endotoxemia,and also decrease the expression of sEPCR in the serum.We further found that XQT caused the decrease of sEPCR through the regulation of PKC δ and ADAM17 to contribute the anticoagulation in mice.This study may provide a new strategy for treating endotoxin-induced disease and provide evidences for further researching the pharmacological action of XQT.

Objective To understand the drinking water type fluorosis in Jiangsu Province, dynamically monitor the disease trends, and to evaluate the operation effect of the water project comprehensively. Methods Twenty-six fluorosis districts and counties in Xuzhou, Lianyungang, Suqian, Huaian and Yancheng were selected as the monitoring sites. The change of water improvement engineering and the value of water fluoride were surveyed and tested. There were three different situations of changed water: the water improvement engineering operated normally was the first, the water improvement engineering operated abnormally or water fluorine excesses the standard was the second,and without water improvement was the last.The teeth of children aged 8 to 12 years were checked according to the method of Dean. The skeletal fluorosis of adults was checked according to "Diagnostic Criteria of Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis"(WS 192-2008) by X-ray inspection. Results The normal operation rates of changed water project from 2011 to 2015 were 100.00% (30/30), 85.29% (29/34), 82.50% (33/40), 95.92% (47/49),and 97.83%(45/46),and the excessive rates of water fluorosis for normal operating engineering were 13.33%(4/30),17.24%(5/29),9.09%(3/33),14.89%(7/47),and 11.11%(5/45).The dental fluorosis detection rates of children aged 8 to 12 years were 33.68% (194/576), 28.30% (711/2 512), 36.25% (1 577/4 350), 22.06% (837/3 794), and 20.44% (903/4 417) from 2011 to 2015, the differences were statistically significant (χ2= 190.952, P < 0.05). The dental fluorosis detection rates in the three situations of water changed annually was statistically significant (χ2=129.336, 130.402, 21.419, P < 0.05). The detection rates between three different water conditions were 21.88% (2 857/13 057), 57.23% (1 156/2 020), 36.54%(209/572), and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=206.295, P < 0.05). Differences between the villages with water improvement engineering changed but not worked and the villages with water improvement engineering changed and worked well and the villages without the water improvement engineering were statistically significant(χ2=200.861,36.336,P<0.0125).The difference of detection rates between the villages with normal operation and the villages without water improvement was not statistically significant(χ2=2.131, P>0.0125).The X-ray detection rates of skeletal fluorosis in adults from 2011-2015 were 17.83% (51/286), 16.61% (49/295), 15.36% (51/332), 10.95% (53/484), and 5.16% (16/310); urinary fluoride range was 0.02 - 22.0 mg/L; the geometric average was 0.67 - 4.06 mg/L, there was no statistical significant difference of skeletal fluorosis distribution annually(χ2=6.060, P > 0.05). Conclusion The general condition of drinking water type fluorosis in Jiangsu Province from 2011 to 2015 is gradually under control, but the engineering operation and water quality improvement still need to be improved; water change project not functioning or with excess fluorine is more harmful to children's teeth.

Objective To investigate the current status of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in Jiangsu Province and to evaluate the effects of preventive and control measures on IDD in Jiangsu Province in 2014.Methods With the use of probability proportional to size sampling method (PPS),30 counties (cities,districts)in Jiangsu Province were selected.Only 1 primary school was selected in each county (city,district) and 50 students of 8-10 years old (halt male and half female,uniformly distributed in age groups) were selected in each school.Goiter,salt iodine,urinary iodine,height and weight were examined.Thirty students from Grade 5 in each school were selected at random,and health education questionnaire survey was conducted.In the area where the primary school located,5 housewives were selected and a questionnaire survey was conducted.Two-5 drinking water samples from the village where the primary school located were collected and the water iodine concentration was tested.Urine samples and salt samples from 20 pregnant women and 10 lactating women in the village where the primary school located were collected,and urinary iodine and salt iodine were detected.Thyroid volume was measured by palpation method and ultrasound.Urinary iodine was detected by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry (WS/T 107-2006).The iodine level in salt was determined by direct titration;the salt samples from Sichuan and other enhanced salt were detected by arbitration (GB/T 13025.7-1999).Water iodine was tested using the method suitable for iodine deficiency and high iodine areas (recommended method of reference laboratory of national iodine deficiency disorders).Results A total of 1 524 children aged 8-10 years old were examined.Forty-two children had goiter by palpation method and the goiter rate was 2.76％ (42/1 524).Forty-one children had goiter by ultrasound and the goiter rate was 2.69％ (41/1 524).Totally 1 523 urine samples of children aged 8-10 years old were tested and the median of urinary iodine was 208.03 μg/L.A total of 1 524 salt samples were tested,the coverage rate of iodized salt was 97.44％ (1 485/1 524) and the qualified rate of iodized salt was 96.43％(1 432/1 485).The consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 93.96％(1 432/1 524) and the consumption rate of non-iodized salt was 2.56％(39/1 524).The rates of knowledge awareness about IDD among students and housewives were 81.36％ (2 287/2 811)and 91.18％ (424/465),respectively.Sixty drinking water samples were collected and the median of water iodine was 16.83 μg/L.Six hundred urine samples of pregnant women and 304 urine samples of lactating women were tested.The median of urinary iodine was 155.16 and 138.33 μg/L,respectively.Conclusions After achieving the goal of eliminating IDD,the control effect in Jiangsu Province is sustainable.The crowd's risk of iodine deficiency has declined significantly.