Objective To establish a method for the determination of aluminium in drinking water by flow injection analysis instrument.Methods In a hexamine buffer solution(pH=6.0),phenanthroline solution and ascorbic acid as the anti-interference agent,aluminium could react with chromazurol S solution and form a compound,of which maximum absorption was at 550 nm.Results The linear range for this method was 5-200 ?g/L.The correlation coefficient was 0.999 3,the detection limit of this method was 2.0 ?g/L,the recovery rates were in the range of 92.2%-108% and RSD were in the range of 2.5%-8.2%.Conclusion The flow injection method is simple,rapid,accurate and is applicable to the determination of aluminium in drinking water.

In this paper , the authors retrieved and screened the related literature of medical workplace vio-lence, and introduced the research situation of workplace violence among medical staff in order to provide a refer -ence for the further research .

Objective To evaluate the chemoprevention and therapy of tea polyphenol of colorectal cancer in colon cancer rats and cells.Methods Such database as CBM,CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,PubMed, Medline,EMBase,Cochrane Library were searched for collecting the papers including using tea polyphenol as a therapy and chemoprevention of colorectal cancer in colorectal cancer rats and colorectal cells,from their estab-lishment to June 1 ,201 4,and the references of those related papers were also searched by hand.After studying selection,assessment and data extraction were conducted by two reviewers.RevMan5.2 software was used for Meta-analyze.Results Seventeen studies were included.Three hundred and five rats and 5 colorectal cell lines were used to the research,they were divided into the study group (received the tea treatment)and the control group (not received the tea treatment).The results of meta-analyses showed that:① Aberrant crypt foci (ACF):standardized mean difference SMD =-3.69 (95%CI 为 -5.85 ~-1 .54,Z =3.40,P =0.000 8),which indicated that tea polyphenol could reduce the number of ACF.② The average number of tumors per rat:SMD =-0.83 (95%CI:-1 .1 4 ~-0.51 ,Z =5.1 8,P =0.000 01 ),which indicated that tea polyphenol could reduce the average number of tumors per rat.③ Cell cycle G1 phase:SMD =1 .85(95%CI:0.03 ~3.66,Z =1 .99,P =0.05 ),which indicated that tea polyphenol could increase the cell in G1 phase.④ Cell cycle S phase:SMD =-2.64(95%CI:-4.38 ~-0.90,Z =2.98,P =0.003),which in-dicated that tea polyphenol could decrease colon cancer cell in S phase.Conclusion Tea polyphenol has a positive effect on colon cancer cell and colon cancer rats.

Objective To analyze academic influence of SCI papers of TCM colleges and universities in the recent 10 years;To provide references for scientific research and academic exchange. Methods According to the evaluation ranking of degree and graduate education development center of Ministry of Education published in 2012 and standardization of InCites database, 10 Chinese medicine colleges and universities were selected. InCites platform was used to select 13 representative indicators and to analyze the cited cases, H index and the cooperation of the SCI papers published in 2006-2015. Results The SCI papers published by 10 TCM colleges and universities have been growing rapidly since 2010, and the average influence of standardized citations was 0.76. The average percentage of cited papers was 67%, which was slightly lower than that of 71%in clinical medicine papers of mainland of China. H index was 30. The average percentage of international cooperation papers in TCM colleges and universities was 17.71%, which was lower than the percentage of international cooperation papers in clinical medicine of mainland of China (22.85%). Conclusion In recent 10 years, the academic level of TCM colleges and universities in our country has been developing rapidly. However, there is still a need to further explore international perspectives, focus on research frontiers, strengthen international cooperation, carry out innovative research and improve academic influence.

AIM To observe the inhibitory effects of tricin on the airway inflammation in low concentration LPS induced asthma mice.METHODS The model of asthma mice with airway inflammation was induced by low concentration LPS plus OVA.There were four groups:blank control group,asthma model group,tricin treatment group and dexamethasone (positive drug) treatment group.The levels of inflammatory factors,including NO,TNF-α and IL-1β,in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected by ELISA;the pathology of lung tissue was observed by HE staining;the mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4,MyD88 and NF-κB p65 in alveolar macrophages were detected using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blot.RESULTS Tricin could significantly decrease the levels of NO,TNF-α and IL-1β in BALF of asthma mice and improve lung inflammation.It could also down-regulate the relative mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4,MyD88 and NF-κB p65.CONCLUSION Tricin has inhibitory effects on airway inflammation in asthma mice,whose mechanism may be related to the intervention of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.

Moxibustion dose, closely related to moxibustion methods and sensations, directly influences the efficacy. Moxibustion dose is affected by quantity factors and patients' sensations. Quantity factors are volume and number of moxa cones, and moxibustion time and frequency, etc. The relationship between moxibustion dose and efficacy is discussed from quantity factors and sensations in the paper.
Humans ; Moxibustion ; methods ; standards ; Sensation ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the application of micro-lecture in pharmacology teaching. METHODS:Based on a correct view of micro-lecture and the sample of positive inotropic effect and mechanism of cardiac glycosides,mi-cro-lecture design of pharmacology was explored from aspects of design objects,contents,technical support and application mode. RESULTS:As the main carrier of micro-lecture,video took the advantages of topic prominence,resource diversity,short and pithy and easy to use;the objects were five-year undergraduate medical students of the Jiangxi Univesity of Traditional Chinese Medicane;and the key and difficult points in pharmacology courses were selected for the complete teaching of these points in a short time as much as possible;record screen-based software model was conduced for video making and the course was uploaded to Kingsoft disk sharing. CONCLUSIONS:As a new teaching mode,course design is the basis and it is essential for the smooth de-velopment. A good micro-lecture design has positive improvement effect on improving the teaching efficacy of Pharmacolgy tradi-tional class.

Early esophageal cancer is derived from mucosa and submucosa without lymph node metastasis. They are detected generally during endoscopy or physical examination without clinical symptoms. Main treatment of early esophageal cancer is endoscopic resection,and the 5-year survival rate is over 90% . Once symptoms occur,local lymph node metastasis is often present and the prognosis is poor with a markedly reduced 5-year survival rate. Thus it is vital to diagnose and treat esophageal cancer at an early stage. With the development of endoscopic techniques,especially the proficiency of endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS),the detection rate of early esophageal cancer has been increased greatly. EUS also plays an important role in the staging of early esophageal cancer. This article reviewed the application of EUS in diagnosis and treatment of early esophageal cancer.

BACKGROUND: Research shows that the auditory brainstem response (ABR) wave amplitude of tinnitus patients often act as big Ⅲ small Ⅴ.Tinnitus masking is a therapy of tinnitus, then how dose the ABR change in the process of tinnitus masking?OBJECTIVE: To observe the changing characteristics of ABR in patients with tinnitus as well as the changing rules of ABR after tinnitus masking.DESIGN: Case-control and self-control.SETTING: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Hospital of Jilin University.PARTICIPANTS: Continuous tinnitus group: 63 cases (68 ears) were selected from the Clinic of First Hospital of Jilin University from March 1999to October 2001. Control group: 10 cases (20 ears) of normal hearing youth (20-23 years old). All subjects received the examination and treatment voluntarily.METHODS: The ABR was firstly detected in tinnitus patients (foreheadmastoid conducting method was adopted), and examination of tinnitus as well as tinnitus masking test (masking for 5 minutes) were respectively conducted, immediately after that, the ABR was detected to do control-observation with the control group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①The characteristics of ABR in patients with tinnitus. ②Effects of tinnitus masking on the amplitude wave of ABR, which was divided into positive group in residual inhibition test and negative group in residual inhibition test for analyzing.RESULTS: A total of 83 subjects were involved in the analysis of results.①The amplitude wave of ABR in youth of normal hearing were small Ⅲ big Ⅴ, whereas that in 22 ears (32.4％) out of 63 subjects (68 ears) were big Ⅲ smallⅤ, in which 17 ears were of patients positive residual inhibition test, and 5 were of negative.②After tinnitus masking therapy, 10 ears out of 17 ears of patients positive in residual inhibition test turned from big Ⅲ small Ⅴ to small Ⅲ big Ⅴ, and the wave amplitude of Ⅲ wasre duced in 3 ears, while the ABR in 2 ears out of 5 ears of negative patients turned to small Ⅲ bigⅤ, and there were no changes in other 3 ears.CONCLUSION: Tinnitus masking therapy can convert the abnormal ABR wave amplitude in patients with tinnitus to normal, which will be taken as the objective index in judging whether it is positive in residual inhibition test.

Objective To establish a method for determination of total soluble solids (TDS) in self-provided well water .Methods The conductivity meter which has a function of determination of total soluble solid ,and was used to directly determinate the total soluble solids in self-provided well water .Results Compared with national standard method ,the results have no significant differ-ence .The relative standard deviation (RSD) was 0 .17% -0 .22% ,and the recovery rates of standard was 97 .5% -98 .6% .Conclu-sion The method is quick ,simple ,sensitive ,accurate and suitable for rapid determination of large quantities of waters .