A gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method has been developed and fully validated for the simultaneous determination of natural borneol (NB) and its metabolite, camphor, in rat plasma. Following a single liquid-liquid extraction, the analytes were separated using an HP-5MS capillary column (0.25 mm ? 30 m ? 0.25μm) and analyzed by MS in the selected ion monitoring mode. Selected ion monitor (m/z) of borneol, camphor and internal standard was 95, 95 and 128, respectively. Linearity, accuracy, precision and extraction recovery of the analytes were all satisfactory. The method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies of NB after oral administration to Wistar rats.

Objective To explore the impact of different doses of dexmedetomidine on the anesthetic sedative and analgesic effect of anesthesia agents in hysterectomy of patients with uterine fibroids under laparoscopy.Methods 90 patients with uterine fibroids with ASA class Ⅰ or Ⅱ who were going to undergoing general intravenous anesthesia laparoscopic hysterectomy were selected and they were divided into group A (dexmedetomidine 0.4μg·kg-1·h-1,n=30) and group B (dexmedetomidine 0.2μg·kg-1·h-1,n=30) and group C (no dexmedetomidine,n=30) by digital random method.The analgesia effect (VAS score) of group A,group B and group C preoperation and postoperative 1h,12h and 24h,and the sedation (Ramsay sedation score) were compared.General information,postoperative blood pressure,heart rate,pulse oxygen saturation,postoperative patients'' satisfaction on analgesic effect and the sedation effect and adverse reactions of the three groups were also compared.Results Age,body mass index and other basic information of three groups had no statistically significant differences (all P＞0.05).The preoperative VAS score of the three groups also had no statistically significant difference (F=0.625,P＞0.05).Postoperative 12h,24h,the VAS scores of group A and group B were lower than those of C group,which of group A were lower than group B (F=11.250,P＜0.05,F=21.181,P＜0.05).The Ramsay sedation score was higher than that of C group[(3.67±0.18) vs.(2.13±0.11)].The satisfaction of group A was significantly higher than group B and group C (96.67％ vs.73.33％,46.67％,χ2=25.953).The Ramsay sedation score and satisfaction were higher than those of group B (all P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in blood pressure (F=0.362,P＞0.05),pulse oxygen saturation (F=0.978,P＞0.05) and heart rate among the three groups before and after operation (F=1.268,P＞0.05).There was no obvious adverse reaction in the three groups.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can promote anesthetic sedative and analgesic effect of anesthesia agents in hysterectomy of patients with uterine fibroids under laparoscopy,and the dose 0.4μg·kg-1·h-1 of dexmedetomidine has better effect,feasibility and safety,it is worthy of clinical promotion.

To prepare a minocycline hydrochloride microsphere depot and evaluate its release performance and physicochemical properties, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) was used as raw material, the minocycline hydrochloride microspheres were prepared by electrospray, and the morphology and size distribution of the microspheres were characterized by polarizing microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The microspheres were then mixed with sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) depot at a ratio of 1:10 to form a minocycline hydrochloride microsphere depot, and its release performance and porosity changes were evaluated. The results showed that the microspheres had smooth surface and the diameter was (5.294 ± 1.222) μm. After the microspheres were added into SAIB depot, the burst release of minocycline hydrochloride significantly decreased from 60% to 3.27% at the first day, and then the release lasted for 42 days . Additionally, the porosity of the depot increased rapidly from (12.53 ± 0.43)% to (32.53 ± 0.43)% during days 0-15, and increased slowly from (32.53 ± 0.43)% to (33.81 ± 0.54)% during days 15-45. The minocycline hydrochloride microsphere depot prepared in this study is expected to be an effective way for the application of minocycline hydrochloride for its good release performance and simple preparation process.

Objective The aim was to screen the expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and explore the function of microRNA-301 a (miR-301 a). Methods Collected the tumor and adjacent normal tissues of 45 patients, who were diagnosed primary GIST. The expression profiles of tumor miRNAs in 5 of the 45 patients were obtained by microarray technology, and the abnormal expression levels of miRNAs in the remaining 40 patients were detected by Real Time-PCR as a validation experiment. Correlation analysis was analyzed between the significantly up-regulated expression of miR-301 a and the clinicopathological features of the patients. The MTT experiment was used to explore the effect of miR-301 a on the growth of GIST cell lines. Results Five kinds of miRNAs with high expression and five kinds of miRNAs with low expression were screened out from GIST, of which the expression of miR-301 a was up-regulated most obviously. The expression of miR-301 a was closely related to tumor risk grade, tumor size, mitosis and necrosis (P < 0.05). The overexpression of miR-301 a in GIST cell lines could significantly enhance the proliferation of cells. Conclusions MiR-301 a was up-regulated in GIST, which was closely related to malignant clinicopathological features and could affect the growth and proliferation of tumor cells in vitro. MiR-301 a might be a potential target for future treatment of GIST.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of early diagnosis by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) combined with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy in the treatment of biliary ischemia after liver transplantation. Methods Clinical data of 9 recipients presenting with biliary ischemia detected by CEUS within 4 weeks after liver transplantation and diagnosed with non-anastomotic biliary stricture (NAS) within postoperative 1 year were retrospectively analyzed. In the conventional treatment group, 4 recipients were treated with conventional treatment including liver protection, cholagogic therapy and interventional therapy. In MSC treatment group, 5 recipients received intravenous infusion of MSC at 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks after biliary ischemia detected by CEUS on the basis of conventional therapy. The interventional treatment and clinical prognosis within 1 year after liver transplantation were analyzed between two groups. Results Two recipients in the MSC treatment group required interventional therapy, which was initially given at 7-9 months after liver transplantation for 1-2 times. All recipients in the conventional treatment group required interventional therapy, which was initially delivered at postoperative 1-3 months for 2-6 times, earlier than that in the MSC treatment group. Within 1 year following liver transplantation, diffuse bile duct injury occurred in 2 recipients in MSC treatment group, and no graft dysfunction was observed. In the conventional treatment group, all recipients developed diffuse bile duct injury, and 2 recipients presented with graft dysfunction. Conclusions Early diagnosis of biliary ischemia after liver transplantation by CEUS combined with MSC therapy may delay and reduce the requirement of interventional therapy for NAS, and also improve clinical prognosis of the recipients.

BACKGROUND: Insufficient bone mass in the posterior maxilla region often increases the difficulty of dental implantation. The application of maxillary sinus floor elevation successfully solves this problem. In the surgery bone grafting can be used to obtain sufficient bone mass. However, nonuse of graft materials can shorten the cycle of patient's treatment and reduce trauma and cost. OBJECTIVE: Combining the latest relevant research trends, to review the advances in the study of maxillary sinus floor elevation with and without bone grafting. METHODS: The first author searched PubMed, VIP, WanFang and CNKI databases using computer for relevant articles published from January 1985 to August 2018. The key words were "dental implant, maxillary sinus, bone augmentation, bone substitute" in English and Chinese, respectively. Finally, 78 articles were included in result analysis after screening and summarizing. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Ideal results can be achieved in the maxillary sinus floor elevation with or without simultaneous bone grafting In addition, the nonuse of grafting materials have the advantages of simplifying surgical procedures, shortening treatment cycles, reducing trauma and pain, reducing treatment costs, reducing complications and failure rates, thus gaining the favor of doctors and patients. Therefore, the maxillary sinus floor elevation without simultaneous bone grafting will be the primary choice of the doctors engaged in dental implantation in the future.

Objective:To investigate the effect of interventional embolization of prostate artery in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia with prostatic volume>80 ml.Methods:A total of 56 patients with BPH combined with hypertension, diabetesand heart disease with prostate volume>80 ml in Meizhou People′s Hospital from April 2018 to November 2020 were selected. They were divided into the study group and the control group according to a simple random number table, 28 cases in each group. The patients in the study group were performed prostatic arterial embolization, and the patients in the control group were performed transurethral resection of the prostate. The efficacy, perioperative conditions, preoperative and 1 month after operation serum total prostate specific antigen (TPSA) level, free prostate specific antigen (FPSA) level, prostate volume, and international prostate symptom score (IPSS) were compared between the two groups. The sexual life quality after operation for 6 months was compared between the two groups.Results:The efficacy of the two groups had no significant difference ( P>0.05). The intraoperative blood loss, postoperative catheterization, postoperative hospital stay in the study group were less than those in the control group: (10.65 ± 1.89) ml vs. (119.64 ± 23.60) ml, (2.16 ± 0.39) d vs. (3.05 ± 0.61) d, (3.03 ± 1.82) d vs. (7.10 ± 2.39) d, the differences were statistically significant( P<0.05). The levels of serum TPSA, FPSA and prostate volume, IPSS at the first month after surgery in the two groups had no significant differences ( P>0.05). After operation for 6 months, the scores of Chinese Index of Sexual Function for Premature Ejaculation-5 (CIPE-5) and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) in the study group were higher than those in the control group: (18.63 ± 2.51) scores vs. (15.71 ± 2.29) scores, (16.38 ± 4.14) scores vs. (13.98 ± 3.82) scores, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Prostate arterial embolization is effective in BPH patients with prostate volume>80 ml and underlying diseases. Compared with transurethral prostatectomy, it has the advantage of faster recovery after surgery, and it has an ideal effect in controlling diseases, improving urination function, and quality of sexual life.

Objective To observe the value of electron density map(EDM)from spectral CT combined with CT features in differentiating acute and chronic osteoporotic vertebral fractures(OVF).Methods Thoracic and/or lumbar spectral CT data of 48 patients with acute complicated chronic OVF were retrospectively analyzed.Totally 110 fractured vertebrae were enrolled,including 53 vertebrae with acute fractures(acute group)and 57 with chronic fractures(chronic group).The quantitative parameters of spectral CT,including CT values of conventional 120 kVp polyenergetic image(PI,i.e.routine CT images)and 40,70,100 keV virtual monoenergetic images(VMI),effective atomic number(Z-eff)and electron density(ED),as well as routine CT finding were compared between groups,and those being significantly different were included in multivariate logistic regression to screen the independent risk factors for acute OVF and construct a combined model.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were drawn to evaluate the efficacy of each single independent risk factor and the combination for differentiating acute and chronic OVF.Results Significant differences of all spectral CT quantitative parameters,also of routine CT findings including interruption of vertebral endplate,cortical folds,increased vertebral density,gas within vertebral body and vertebral compression degree were found between groups(all P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that CTPI(OR=0.855,P=0.005),ED(OR=16.432,P=0.005),cortical folds(OR=0.038,P=0.034)and increased vertebral density(OR=0.025,P=0.013)were all independent risk factors for acute OVF.The area under the curve(AUC)of the above single parameters for identifying acute and chronic OVF was 0.870,0.889,0.879 and 0.866,respectively,all lower than that of the combined model(0.977)(Z=3.47,3.73,2.95,2.71,all P＜0.05).Conclusion Spectral CT EDM combined with CT findings could effectively differentiate acute and chronic OVF.

Objective:To detect serum levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE), soluble version of the IgE-binding alpha-chain of Fcepsilon-RI (sFcεRIα), immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-IgE, IgG anti-FcεRI in patients with chronic urticaria(CU), and to evaluate their relevanceMethods:Forty-three newly diagnosed patient with CU were enrolled. Thirty-seven patients with dermatitis or eczema and 51 healthy subjects were selected as the disease control (DC) and normal control (NC) group, respectively.Serum IgE was detected by immunoturbidimetry; serum anti-IgE, anti-FcεR Ⅰ and sFcεR Ⅰ α were determined byenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods. Statistical analysis was carried out by non-parametric test for comparisons of the above variables between groups, and by Spearman correlation analysis for assessment of relationships between the variables as well as between the variables and disease severity, and by receiver operating characteristic curve to analyze the diagnostic value of the variables.Results:Serum IgE, anti-IgE and anti-FcεRI in CU were significantly higher than that of NC.Their medians are 65.70 IU/ml vs 17.10 IU/ml,χ 2=28.541, P=0.001;0.61 vs 0.39,χ 2=27.408, P=0.001;0.64 vs 0.51, χ 2=29.102, P<0.001.Serumanti-FcεRI in CU was significantly lower than that in NC(0.64 vs 0.83,χ 2=25.869, P=0.007).The medians of serum sFcεRIα in CU, DC and NC groups were 5.74,5.38,4.50 ng/ml, respectively. The difference was not statistically significant,χ 2=3.463, P=0.177.There was a positive correlation between IgE and sFcεR Ⅰ α, anti-IgE and anti-FcεRI( r=0.455, P<0.001; r=0.611, P<0.001).No significant correlation was showed between the four variables and the course of disease or the severity of symptoms, P>0.05. The diagnostic performances of IgE, anti-FcεRI for CU were similar (AUC=0.72),which were better than that of sFcεRIα (AUC=0.61).The highest diagnostic efficacy (AUC=0.83) can be achieved by four joint tests.Anti-FcεRI is of value in differential diagnosis of CU and DC, AUC=0.7, P=0.002. Conclusion:The levels of serum IgE, anti-IgE, anti-FcεRI were significantly increased in CU patients, and these mast cell activation-related molecules have the potential to be diagnostic markers for CU.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors for asparaginase-associated pancreatitis (AAP) in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) after treatment with pegaspargase and evaluate the predictive value of pediatric sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, pediatric acute pancreatitis severity (PAPS) score, Ranson′s score and pediatric Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan (JPN) score for severe AAP.Methods:Cross-sectional study.The clinical data of 328 children with ALL who received pegaspargase treatment in the Department of Pediatric Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University from January 2014 to August 2021, as well as their clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, and imaging examinations were collected.The SOFA score at the time of AAP diagnosis, PAPS score and Ranson′s score at 48 hours after AAP diagnosis, and JPN score at 72 hours after AAP diagnosis were calculated, and their predictive value for severe AAP was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:A total of 6.7%(22/328) of children had AAP, with the median age of 6.62 years.AAP most commonly occurred in the induced remission phase (16/22, 72.7%). Three AAP children were re-exposed to asparaginase, and 2 of them developed a second AAP.Among the 22 AAP children, 16 presented with mild symptoms, and 6 with severe symptoms.The 6 children with severe AAP were all transferred to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). There were no significant differences in gender, white blood cell count at first diagnosis, immunophenotype, risk stratification, and single dose of pegaspargase between the AAP and non-AAP groups.The age at diagnosis of ALL in the AAP group was significantly higher than that in the non-AAP group ( t=2.385, P=0.018). The number of overweight or obese children in the AAP group was also higher than that in the non-AAP group ( χ2=4.507, P=0.034). The areas under the ROC curve of children′s JPN score, SOFA score, Ranson′s score, and PAPS score in predicting severe AAP were 0.919, 0.844, 0.731, and 0.606, respectively.The JPN score ( t=4.174, P=0.001) and the SOFA score ( t=3.181, P=0.005) showed statistically significant differences between mild and severe AAP. Conclusions:AAP is a serious complication in the treatment of ALL with combined pegaspargase and chemotherapy.Older age and overweight or obesity may be the risk factors for AAP.Pediatric JPN and SOFA scores have predictive value for severe AAP.