1.Active vitamin D reduces macrophage infiltration by TREM-1 in renal tissue of diabetic nephropathy rats
Yu ZHAO ; Yinfeng GUO ; Yuteng JIANG ; Bicheng LIU ; Xiaoliang ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Nephrology 2017;33(3):204-212
Objective To investigate the effects of active vitamin D (VD) on the expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) in renal tissue of diabetic nephropathies (DN) rats and to explore the impact of TREM-1 on adhesion and migration capacity of macrophage.Methods DN rat models were established by streptozotocin.Rats were randomly distributed into four groups:control (NC) group,VD group,DN group and DN+VD group (DN rats with 0.1 μg · kg-1 · d-1 calcitriol by garages).Rats were sacrificed respectively at 8 weeks and 12 weeks after treatment.Pathological changes in kidney tissue were detected and the expressions of CD68 and TREM-1 were acquired by immunohistochemistry stain and Western blotting.In vitro,RAW264.7 cells were divided into NC group,VD group,high glucose (HG) group and HG+VD group.In HG+VD group rats were treated by high glucose with 10-8 mol/L 1,25(OH)2D3.TREM-1 expression was measured by immunohistochemistry stain and Western blotting,and the ability of macrophage in migration and adhesion was evaluated by Transwell migration assay and adhesion assay.TREM-1 siRNA was transferred to silence TREM-1 expression,while plasmid of TREM-1 was transferred for high expression.Their ability of adhesion and migration in macrophage and the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 were examined.Results (1) Compared with the NC group,the expressions of CD68 and TREM-1 were increased in DN group (P < 0.05),whereas markedly decreased in DN+VD group (P < 0.05).(2) The number of adhesion and migration cells,and the expression of TREM-1 protein in macrophage were obviously increased in HG group as compared with those in NC group (all P < 0.05);whereas above changes were markedly decreased in HG+VD group than those in HG group (P < 0.05).(3) The number of adhesion and migrated macrophage was reduced after TREM-1 siRNA intervention (all P < 0.05).VD could significantly decrease the effect of high glucose on adhesion and migrated macrophages after TREM-1 siRNA (all P < 0.05).(4) Adhesion and migration of macrophage were increased via TREM-1 overexpression (all P < 0.05),but the effects of VD on high glucose-induced adhesion and migration of macrophage were disappeared.Conclusions VD can suppress the adhesion and migration of macrophage via reducing the expression of TREM-1,and inhibit infiltration of macrophage in renal tissue of DN rats.
2.Effect of macrophages on podocytes apoptosis in diabetic nephropathy
Yinfeng GUO ; Yu ZHAO ; Yuteng JIANG ; Xiaodong ZHU ; Bicheng LIU ; Xiaoliang ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 2017;33(8):680-686
Objective To investigate the effect of macrophages on podocytes apoptosis in diabetic nephropathy. Methods Differentiated mouse macrophages (RAW264.7) were exposed to normal glucose, high glucose, then the conditioned media (CM) was collected and considered as NC-CM or HG-CM, respectively. Western blotting and immunofluorescent staining were used to detect the specific markers for M1 macrophages (iNOS) and M2 macrophages (MR). ELISA was used to detect the concentration of TNF-α in the CM. Then normal PRMI 1640 media (control), NC-CM or HG-CM was added to podocytes. In some experiments, ROS inhibitors (Tempo), p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580), anti-TNF-α neutralizing antibody, and IgG1 isotype control were respectively added to cells with HG-CM. Besides, recombinant mouse TNF-α alone was applied to incubate podocytes. Podocytes apoptosis was accessed by Annexin V-FITC/PI and Hoechst33342 staining. DCFH-DA staining was used to analyse ROS level. Western blotting was used to detect cleaved casepase-3, p38MAPK, and p-p38MAPK protein. Results Macrophages were activated when exposed to high glucose, displaying pro-inflammatory M1 polarization with higher iNOS and lower MR expression. HG-CM but not NC-CM trigged podocytes apoptosis, up-regulated ROS, cleaved casepase-3 and p-p38MAPK. However, the podocytes apoptosis trigged by HG-CM was abolished by either a ROS inhibitor (Tempo) or a p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580). Additionally, TNF-α was increased in the HG-CM. TNF-α protein in macrophage was aslo increased when exposed to high glucose. Anti-TNF-α neutralizing antibody blunted the apoptotic response, excess ROS generation and p-p38 MPAK expression in podocytes induced by HG-CM. Moreover, addition of recombinant TNF-α similarly led to podocytes apoptosis, increased ROS and p38 MPAK expression. Conclusion M1 macrophages activated by high glucose released TNF-α to promote podocytes apoptosis via ROS-p38 MAPK pathway.
3. Characteristics and dynamics of HIV-1 subtype distribution among injected drug users in Guangzhou, 2008 - 2015
Yuteng ZHAO ; Zhigang HAN ; Hao WU ; Yali ZHANG ; Fei ZHONG ; Kai GAO ; Huifang XU
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2019;40(12):1629-1633
Objective:
To understand the characteristics and dynamics of individuals with HIV-1 subtype infection among injected drug users (HIV infection IDU) in Guangzhou between 2008 and 2015.
Methods:
HIV-1 RNAs were extracted from serum samples of the individuals that were newly diagnosed with HIV-1 infection among IDUs living in Guangzhou, between 2008 and 2015. The
4. Applicability and feasibility of "Lingnanzhun" -an "Internet Plus-based HIV Self-testing Tool" targeting MSM in Guangzhou
Yanshan CAI ; Yuzhou GU ; Fei ZHONG ; Lirui FAN ; Yuteng ZHAO ; Yefei LUO ; Yongheng LU ; Weiyun HE ; Weibin CHENG ; Huifang XU
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2019;40(10):1212-1216
Objective:
This article was to evaluate the applicability and feasibility of "Lingnanzhun" -an "Internet Plus-based HIV Self-testing Tool" targeting MSM in Guangzhou. Hopefully, the results could be used to improve the existing HIV testing services and to support the implementation and scale-up of HIV self-testing programs.
Methods:
Data were collected from a survey on HIV testing preferences among the Internet-using MSM in April to June, 2015. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were applied to identify factors associated with the use of HIV self-testing service provided by Lingnanzhun. Information related to the users of Lingnanzhun during September 2014 and December 2018 was also collected.
Results:
769 MSM were recruited as participants. Of them, age distribution was 16-77(28.6±6.8) years old, 88.3
5. Characteristic analysis among MSM-users of the "Online HIV Acquisition Risk Assessment System" in Guangzhou
Yefei LUO ; Yuzhou GU ; Fei ZHONG ; Huifang XU ; Yanshan CAI ; Lirui FAN ; Yuteng ZHAO ; Zhigang HAN ; Weiyun HE ; Gang MENG ; Xiaofei JIA ; Weibin CHENG
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2019;40(10):1217-1221
Objective:
To analyze the characteristics of levels related to the risk through self-evaluation system, among MSM users in Guangzhou, between 2015 and 2017.
Methods:
Between 2015 and 2017, data was collected from the users of a self-evaluation system network related to HIV infection, based on the previous 'HIV health risk appraisal model’. Information on risk factors was collected to calculate the scores and levels of risks and to estimate the incidence of HIV. Taking the reference of
6. Status quo and characteristic analysis among MSM-users of the "Internet Plus-based AIDS Comprehensive Prevention Service System" in Guangzhou
Weibin CHENG ; Shunming LI ; Yuzhou GU ; Fei ZHONG ; Wenting HUANG ; Yefei LUO ; Yanshan CAI ; Weiyun HE ; Lirui FAN ; Yuteng ZHAO ; Huifang XU ; Weiming TANG
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2019;40(10):1206-1211
Objective:
To analyze the characteristics of the "Interner Plus-based AIDS Comprehensive Prevention Service System" among MSM who frequently using the Internet in Guangzhou.
Methods:
An online survey was conducted among MSM who were recruited through gay-website portals between August and September, 2018 in Guangzhou, to collect information regarding the use of and attitudes on the "Interner Plus-based AIDS Comprehensive Prevention Service System" . Logistic regression was used to explore the association between the use of Internet intervention tools and related behavioral characteristics. Information on the awareness of AIDS, HIV testing, and condomless anal sex behavior were compared between the core or non-core services users.
Results:
A total of 777 Internet-based MSM were recruited as participants including 638 men (82.1