We report a rare case of primary cardiac angiosarcoma in the right atrium. A 47-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with cardiac tamponade. Echocardiography and computed tomography revealed a tumor in the right atrial cavity. We performed tumor resection to confirm the histological diagnosis, to prevent tumor embolism, and to increase the possibility of improving the prognosis. The tumor was resected with the right atrial wall and right pericardium. The right atrium was then reconstructed with a bovine pericardial patch. The pathological diagnosis was angiosarcoma. The patient survived only about 6 months after surgical resection, but there was no local recurrence. This report presents a very rare case of cardiac angiosarcoma associated with cardiac tamponade.

A 76-year-old woman with a sudden onset of chest and back pain was admitted to our hospital. Computed tomography (CT) showed a giant thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm. Therefore, the patient underwent emergency operation. Under a left anterolateral thoracotomy and pararectal laparotomy with left heart bypass, we performed graft replacement of the thoracoabdominal aorta and reconstruction of the celiac artery, superior mesenteric artery and renal arteries. The left lung was tightly adhered to the aneurysm because of the contained rupture. Copious pulmonary bleeding and air leakage occurred due to thrombectomy of the aneurysm. During the operation, critical air leakage was repaired using the remaining aneurysmal wall. The postoperative course was uneventful. The patient was discharged 16 days after surgery. Copious air leakage due to lung injury was a potentially life-threating condition in the postoperative course of this case of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm. Surgical treatment of critical air leakage due to lung injury is very important in thoracic surgery.

Congenital quadricuspid aortic valve is a very rare malformation. We report two cases with severe aortic regurgitation due to isolated quadricuspid aortic valve. It consisted of three equal cusps and one smaller cusp, which was identified at the time of valve replacement surgery for severe aortic regurgitation.

In a 63-year-old male patient Jehovah's witness, IABP was introduced due to acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock, and PCI (BMS) was carried out to CAG #7 100%. Stent placement was carried out and his hemodynamics stabilized. A left-to-right shunt was observed upon carrying out LVG, so the patient was referred to our hospital for surgery purposes due to a diagnosis of ventricular septal perforation (VSP). Upon transferring the patient to hospital, his PA pressure elevated to 53 mmHg although the blood pressure was maintained, and no findings of right heart failure were observed. His respiratory condition was stable. Emergency surgery was considered, but the patient was taking Clopidogrel following PCI, and so VSP repair (extended endocardial repair) was carried out following 4 days discontinuation of Clopidogrel. Preoperative anemia was not observed ; however, postoperative hemorrhagic anemia improved due to iron preparation administration, and the patient was discharged from hospital 22 days following surgery without blood transfusion.

This paper reports the findings of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) for a 56-year-old man who had undergone a renal transplantation. Coronary angiography (CAG) revealed triple-vessel coronary disease. OPCAB was therefore performed. The patient was discharged 20 days after surgery without any subsequent rejection, infection or renal dysfunction. At two years after the operation the patient is doing well without any cardiac events. Cardiac disease, especially coronary artery disease is a common cause of death in renal transplant patients. Cardiac surgery in renal transplant patients is expected to increase. OPCAB for renal transplant patients with ischemic heart disease is therefore expected to reduce the incidence of myocardial infarction, thereby prolonging patient survival.

A 72-year-old man was admitted to a local hospital with symptoms of unstable angina pectoris. He was given Clopidogrel for acute coronary syndrome. Coronary angiography showed left main trunk and three-vessel disease. He was then admitted to our hospital due to a sudden onset of unstable angina following shock during the PCI procedure. We performed emergency off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB). He received 10 mg/kg/h tranexamic acid during the operation. He also received 2,000 U ascorbic acid at the start of surgery and 2,000 U after undergoing anastomoses of the coronary artery. Postoperatively, only some minor bleeding was observed. Tranexamic acid and Ascorbic acid reduce bleeding, and transfusion requirements of packed red blood cells, platelets, and the total blood units in patients on Clopidogrel who undergo emergency OPCAB.

A 58-year-old man with diabetic nephropathy had been on hemodialysis for 15 years. He had lost his left leg below the knee and whole right leg due to atherosclerotic necrosis. During the past 3 years, his cardiac function had also gradually deteriorated. For the past 2 years, echocardiography showed progressively worsening mitral valve regurgitation. Coronary angiography showed severe stenosis in the left main trunk and left descending artery. Ischemic cardiomyopathy with mitral regurgitation were diagnosed. He underwent coronary artery bypass grafting and mitral valve annuloplasty. Because of difficulty in weaning him from cardiopulmonary bypass, he required intra-aortic balloon-pump (IABP) support. An IABP was inserted through the ascending aorta via a tube graft. It was removed on the 4th postoperative day with a small skin incision, under local anesthesia. The postoperative course was uneventful. This IABP insertion technique was useful for a patient with severe arteriosclerotic disease.