Objective:To monitor the effects of asarone injections on the expression of IL-25, IL-27 and eosinophils cationic pro-tein ( ECP) in the serum of asthma patients. Methods:Totally 100 patients with bronchial asthma were randomly divided into the ob-servation group ( 55 cases ) and the control group ( 45 cases ) . The control group was treated with the conventional symptomatic treat-ment ( oxygen inhalation, spasmolysis and anti-asthma, and anti-infection, etc) . The observation group was given asarone injections 24 mg in 250 ml 0. 9% sodium chloride infusions, once a day for 14 days on the basis of the conventional therapy. The changes in symp-toms, and pulmonary function in the patients were observed with simultaneous detection of IL-25, ECP and IL-27 levels. Results:To-tal effective rate of the observation group was 92. 7%,which was higher than that of the control group (P<0. 05). Asarone injections could decrease IL-25, ECP and IL-27 levels in the observation group compared with those in the control group with statistically signifi-cant difference (P<0. 05 or 0. 01). Conclusion:Asarone injections can decrease the levels of IL-25, IL-27and ECP in the serum of asthma patients and inhibit the formation of inflammatory cells to alleviate the symptoms of airway inflammation.

Choroidal neovascularization(CNV)is one of common causes of vision loss.The pathogenesis and development of CNV are a comprehensive process which is regulated by multiple factors and cytokines.Cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)is an inducible isoform of cyclooxygenase and rate limiting enzyme in the prostaglandin biosynthesis pathway.COX-2 plays an important role in neovascularization by modulating vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),migration and apoptosis of endothelial cell.Recently,some experimental studies demonstrated that COX-2 involves in the information of CNV and the inhibitor of COX-2 can suppress CNV.These results provide a new prospect for the prevention and treatment of the CNV.Biological characteristics of COX-2 and its relationship with CNV are reviewed in this article.

Objective To compare the effect of video-assisted minithoracotomy(VAMT)and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS)for spontaneous pneumothorax.Methods 98 patiens with spontaneous pneumothorax allocated to VAMT or VATS were selected.The operation time,blood loss during operation,score of postoperative pain,time of postoperative drainage,postoperative hospital stay,surgery cost,rate of complication and recurrence were compared between the two groups.Results All patients were cured.The operation time,postoperative hospital stay and surgery cost were significantly different between VAMT and VATS groups(all P ＜0.05).The parameters of two groups were similar in score of postoperative pain,time of post-operative drainage,blood loss during operation,rate of complication and recurrence(all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion VAMT was as effective as VATS,but the operation time,postoperative hospital stay and surgery cost was significantly better than VATS.

Objective To explore the correlation between caring behavior and critical thinking of nursing students in clinical practice. Methods Totally 203 nursing students in clinical practice were investigated with Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory- Chinese Version (CTDI- CV) and Caring Behavior Scale (CBS). Results The structural model obtained a good fit. Critical thinking and caring behavior were positively correlated with each other(β=0.46,P<0.01). Conclusions Nursing students′caring behavior could improve their critical thinking. With the cultivation of critical thinking of nursing students, nursing educators should pay attention to improving their caring behavior.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of ~(125)I seeds brachytherapy in advanced head and neck malignant tumor.METHODS Twelve patients with post-radiotherapy recurred laryngeal cancer with bilateral cervical lymph node metastasis, tongue cancer with bilateral cervical lymph node metastasis or recurred maxillary sinus cancer and so on were operated radically,and ~(125)I seeds were implanted in wound area during operation.RESULTS With a follow-up of 24 to 32 months,no tumor recurred in 11 patients,and only one patient with tongue cancer recurred at 6 month after operation.No local infection, acute radioactive lesion,vessel broken or seeds migration happened.CONCLUSION The ~(125)I brachytherapy can be used as one of the comprehensive treatment method in advanced head and neck malignant tumors,especially in the recurred tumors after operation or radiotherapy or in the cancer which can not be radically removed.It's also an effective method to improve local control in the subset of patients with doubtful positive margins.

Objective To investigate the treatment of inverted nipple by continual extension with S tractors made of Kirschner wires on the base of preliminary clinical obervation.Methods Under local anesthesia,with the inverted nipples being dragged out by a presutured thread or a pair of towel clips,a Kirschner wire of 10 cm long and 0.5-1.0 mm in diameter was transversly penetrated through the base of inverted nipple.Then the Kirschner wire was bended at both points of 1.5 cm distantly from the nipple center in clockwise cemicircularly.Two cemicircular Kirschner wires were folded downward hingelikely and the center axis was supported by two cemicircles.This folded S tractor pushed and supported the inverted nipple forwardly and constantly.The hinge angle was adjusted during the treatment according to the traction requirment.It was nessessary for wearing these S tractors for at least 6 months before the Kirschner wires were being taken out.During referrals,the hinge angle was revised for mentaining the extension efforts.Results We treated 32 cases of inverted nipple,total 58 moderate and severe lesions,with this method effectively.No infection was observed during the treatment.The nipple form was naturally and stably outstanding after Kirschner wires taken out.No relapses were observed during a mean 6 monthe following up.Conclusions This procedure is simple and convenient without the need of complicated surgical procedures or perplexed equipments.The nipple shaps are observed natural and stable after Kirschner wire is removed.No recurrences are observed.There are no damages to breastfeeding function.The obvious drawback of this method is its reqairing of long continuously wearing and its inconvenience.

Background It is estimated that discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) play an important role in the development of tumor angiogenesis.However,their effects on choroidal neovascularizaiton (CNV) have not been clarified yet.Objective This study was to observe the expression pattern of DDR2 and MMP-13 in CNV and to further investigate the regulation role of MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways to the expression of DDR2 and MMP-13 in CNV.Methods CNV models were established in 78 Brown Norway (BN) rats by retinal photocoagulation with 532 nm laser.Then the animals were randomly divided into the normal control group (n =7),the model control group (n =39),PD98059 (MEK1 inhibitor) group (n =16) and LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) group (n =16),and 5 mmol/L PD98059 or 5 mmol/L LY294002 3 μl was intravitreally injected 1 day and 7 days after photocoagulation in the PD98059 group or LY294002 group.The expression of DDR2 and MMP-13 mRNA and proteins in the CNV area were detected by using reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR),and the expression levels of p-ERK/ERK and p-Akt/Akt protein were detected by Western blot assay.CNV thickness was measured by pathological examination 14 days after photocoagulation,and the changes of CNV thickness,the expression levels of DDR2 and MMP-13 in CNV were compared among the model control group,PD98059 group and LY294002 group.Results Three days after photocoagulation,the cells within the lasered lesions proliferated,then CNV formed 7 days after photocoagulation and became stable 14 days after photocoagulation.Immunohistochemistry staining indicated that DDR2 was weakly expressed in the cells of ganglion cell layer,inner nuclear layer and vascular endothelial cells;while MMP-13 was strongly expressed in the cells of the inner limiting membrane layer,photoreceptor layer and sclera layer.Both DDR2 and MMP-13 were strongly expressed in CNV area.Double immunofluorescence staining revealed that MMP-13 and DDR2 co-expression in CNV area.RT-PCR revealed that the relative DDR2 mRNA levels at 1 day,3 days,7 days and 14 days after photocoagulation were 55.22±4.03,47.74±2.23,14.82±4.56 and 5.59±2.47 respectively,while the relative MMP-13 mRNA levels were 25.54±3.83,43.51±4.36,10.90±4.00 and 5.23±3.23 respectively.Compared with the normal control group,the expression of DDR2 and MMP-13 were significantly increased (all at P＜0.05).Immunofluorescence staining showed that the relative fluorescence unit (RFU) values at 1 day,3 days,7 days and 14 days after photocoagulation were 2.73±0.53,5.21±0.31 and 3.22±0.33 for DDR2 and 1.66±0.17,3.57±0.44,2.67±0.21 for MMP-13,respectively.The RFU values in the PD98059 group and LY294002 group 14 days after photocoagulation were 1.14±0.19,1.03±0.14 for DDR2 and 1.37±0.25,1.24±0.20 for MMP-13,respectively.Compared with the model control group,the differences were statistically significant (both at P＜0.05).Western blot results showed that,compared to the normal control group,the expression levels of p-ERK and p-Akt pretein increased at day 7 after photocoagulation (both at P＜0.05),and returned back to the baseline at day 14 after photocoagulation (both at P＞0.05).Both PD98059 and LY294002 treatment were able to attenuate the thickness of CNV to 57.21％ and 50.34％ at day 14 after photocoagulation and further decrease the expression levels of DDR2 and MMP-13 in CNV (all at P＜0.05).Conclusions The expressions of DDR2 and MMP-13 up-regulate in laser-induced CNV.MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways suppress the development of CNV by regulating the expression of DDR2 and MMP-13.

Background and purpose:It was reported that erythropoietin may directly or indirectly induce the tumor cells to proliferate and result in diseases progression when recombinant human erythropoictin is used clinically in cancer-related anemia.Recently,the expression of erythropoietin-receptor(Epo-R)was detected in breast cancer.This study was done to detect the expression of Epo-R,estrogen receptor(ER),progesterone receptor(PR)and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(Her-2)in breast cancer,and to investigate the relationships between these indexes and the clinical significance.Methods:Sixty breast cancer patients were analyzed,the expression of Epo-R and microvascular density(MVD)were detected by immunohistochernistry,in order to clarify the relationships between the expression level of Epo-R,MVD and ER,PR,Her-2.Results:The rate of Epo-R expression was 78.3%,the mean number of positive tumor cells was 39±24,while the tissue MVD was 25±9.The expression level of Epo-R was positively correlated with the MVD.Also,the level of MVD was higher in the group of Epo-R positive than the negative,which has significant difference(t=3.4252,P＜0.001).The expression level of ER,PR has no definite relationships with Epo-R,MVD.The expression level of Her-2 was both closely associated with Epo-R,MVD.The expression level of Epo-R has an obvious relationship with clinical stage,lymph node status and the size(P＜0.001).The value of MVD was positively correlated with lymph node status,while not with clinical stage and the size.Conclusion:The expression level of Epo-R was markedly higher in breast cancer,and has a positive correlation with the tissue MVD.The expression level of Epo-R and MVD were significantly associated with Her-2,but not with ER and PR.It may contribute to clarifying the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of breast cancer by detecting both the expression level of Epo-R and MVD.

BACKGROUND: Silk fibroin film showed an anti-coagulated blood activity following sulfurous acid treatment; however, its flexibility and anti-tension were poor. If the silk flbroin film was coated on small-caliber expanded poly(tetrafiuoroethylene) (ePTFE) vascular grafts prior to surface sulfonation, the adverse effects were improved and the blood compatibility of ePTFE vascular grafts were remarkably enhanced. OBJECTIVE: To research the preparation of ePTFE vascular grafts applied by surface sulfonation of silk flbroin film by low temperature plasma treatment. METHODS: The ePTFE vascular grafts were treated with low temperature plasma and coated on the surface of silk fibroin. The compound was then sulfonated with low temperature plasma. The ePTFE vascular grafts were considered as the controls to detect contact angle and sulfonation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The contact angle was decreased gradually form 87.7°to 65.1° following low temperature plasma treatment. Moreover, the contact angle was 106.2° following coating silk flbroin film and 92.9°following sulfonation. X-raylight-electron spectrometer demonstrated that percents of sulfur element on the surfaces of the combined blood vessel was 2.89%, respectively, while that of the control film was only 0.12%. The X-ray light-electron spectrometer also showed that most of the sulfur element were sulfonic group (-SO_3H). The results suggested the feasibility of the preparation of the combined blood vessel.

Objective To explore the effect of the prevention and treatment of unstable bladder after suprapubic prostaectomy by capsaicin instilled into the bladder preoperatively combined with patient-controlled epidural analgesia(PCEA)for benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Methods Sixty patients with BPH underwent suprapubic prostatectomy under epidural anesthesia were randomly divided into control group (30 cases)and treatment group(30 cases),100 ml of 100 μmol/L capsaicin was instilled into the bladder preoperatively for 30 minutes combined with PCEA after operation in treatment group,the control group was only given PCEA.Observed the incidence and continuous time of unstable bladder after operation in two groups.Results Unstable bladder was found in 3 cases of treatment group and they were Ⅰdegree,12 cases happened unstable bladder in control group,3 cases Ⅰdegree,5 cases Ⅱdegree,3 cases Ⅲ degree,1 case Ⅳ degree.There was obvious significance between two groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion Capsaicin instilled into the bladder combined with PCEA can cut off the reflex arc of detrusor contraction more completely and has obvious effect of decrease the incidence of unstable bladder after suprapubic prostatectomy and can be used widely.