Objective:To explore the effects of intermittent oro-esophageal tube feeding (IOE) on the swallowing function, incidence of aspiration pneumonia, and nutritional status in patients with dysphagia after stroke.Methods:Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from the establishment of the database to October 1, 2020 were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, EBSCO, Elsevier, OVID, ProQuest, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang database. Two researchers independently conducted literature search, screening, data extraction and quality evaluation based on systematic reviews using Cochrane 5.11. RevMan 5.3 was used for the Meta-analysis of the included literature.Results:A total of 21 articles were included, with a total sample size of 1 616, including 809 patients receiving IOE and 807 patients with nasal indwelling gastric tube feeding. The Meta-analysis showed that IOE could enhance the swallowing function of patients ( RR=1.31, 95% CI: 1.21-1.43, P<0.01) , reduce the incidence of aspiration pneumonia ( RR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.28-0.65, P<0.01) , increase hemoglobin content ( MD=6.73, 95% CI: 5.89-7.57, P<0.01) , serum total protein content ( MD=4.44, 95% CI: 3.69-5.20, P<0.01) , serum prealbumin content ( MD=17.45, 95% CI: 7.29-27.62, P<0.01) , and serum albumin content ( MD=1.72, 95% CI: 1.33-2.10, P<0.01) . Conclusions:IOE can improve the swallowing function, reduce the incidence of aspiration pneumonia, and improve the nutritional level of patients with dysphagia after stroke, which has positive significance in clinical practice.

Objective:To investigate the influence of water tank on endotoxin(ET)content in hemodialysis fluid.Methods:Specimens of hemodialysis fluid were collected from 36 hemodialysis centers in Shanghai from Nov 2010 to Oct 2012,and the ET content in hemodialysis fluid were detected by chromogenic substrate method.Results:A total of 2694 samples have been obtained from 36 hemodialysis centers during the 2 years’period.The contents of ET below 0.1 EU/mL were detected in 2348 (87.16%)samples,between 0.1 EU/mL and 0.5 EU/mL in 260(9.65%)samples,and above 0.5 EU/mL in 86(3.19%) samples.Water tanks were used in 19 of the 36 hemodialysis centers.ET contents of hemodialysis fluid in the hemodialysis cen-ters which used water tanks were higher than those didn’t use water tanks,and the difference showed statistical significance (P <0.05).Conclusion:The usage of water tank could significantly increase the ET content in hemodialysis fluid.Monitoring of water storage equipment should be strengthened.

Objective:To explore the impact of cognitive function and childhood trauma in individuals with clinical high risk of psychosis (CHR).Methods:From June 2017 to September 2022, a total of 62 individuals with CHR(CHR group) were screened by structured interviews with psychiatric risk syndrome (SIPS) at Beijing Anding Hospital, and 61 healthy controls(healthy control group) matched in gender, age, and educational years were recruited. All participants were evaluated by the childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ) and the Chinese version of the MATRICS consensus cognitive test battery (MCCB). Differences in cognitive function and childhood trauma between the two groups were compared by R4.1.1 software, and the correlation between cognitive function and childhood trauma in the CHR group was analyzed.Results:The scores of MCCB composite score (41.46±6.97), information processing speed (40.20±8.40), attention vigilance (40.92±11.00), working memory (41.09±9.97), verbal learning, and visual learning of CHR group were significantly lower than those of healthy controls(MCCB composite score(46.26±7.64), information processing speed(45.83±8.36), attention vigilance(46.30±9.57), working memory(46.18±8.49)), and with statistically significant differences ( t=-3.73--2.03, P<0.05). The total CTQ score, emotional abuse, physical abuse, and physical neglect factor scores of the CHR group (40.0 (36.0, 50.8), 7.5 (6.0, 10.0), 5.0 (5.0, 7.0), 9.0 (7.0, 11.0)) were significantly higher than those of the healthy control group (34.0 (31.0, 40.0), 6.0 (5.0, 8.0), 5.0 (5.0, 6.0), 9.0 (6.0, 10.0) ) ( Z=-4.07--2.06, P<0.05). In the CHR group, the total score of childhood trauma and the score of physical abuse factors were negatively correlated with working memory ( r=-0.29, -0.28, P<0.05), and the total score of cognitive function, attention vigilance, and word learning were negatively correlated with physical neglect ( r=-0.28, -0.26, -0.31, P<0.05). After partial correlation analysis using gender, age, years of education, and total SIPS score as covariates, the aforementioned correlation remained significant. Conclusion:CHR individuals have multiple cognitive deficits, and childhood trauma is more serious. Childhood trauma, especially physical trauma, may affect the cognitive function of CHR individuals.